Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System

by Yeong E. Kim Department of Physics, Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA

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ABSTRACT
Generalized theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) is used to carry out theoretical analyses of recent experimental results of Rossi et al. for hydrogen-nickel system.  Based on incomplete experimental information currently available, preliminary theoretical explanations of the experimental results are presented in terms of the generalized BECNF theory. Additional accurate experimental data are needed for obtaining more complete theoretical descriptions and predictions, which can be tested by further experiments.

I.  Introduction
Over the last two decades, there have been many publications reporting experimental observations of excess heat generation and anomalous nuclear reactions occurring in metals at ultra-low energies, now known as „low-energy nuclear reactions‟ (LENR).  Theoretical explanations of the LENR phenomena have been described based on the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) in micro/nano-scale metal particles [1-3].  The BECNF theory is based on a single basic assumption capable of explaining the observed LENR phenomena; deuterons in metals undergo Bose-Einstein condensation.  While the BECNF theory is able to make general qualitative predictions concerning LENR phenomena it is also a quantitative predictive physical theory.  Some of the theoretical predictions have been confirmed by experiments reported recently.  The BECNF theory was generalized for the case of two species of Bosons [4].

Recently, there were two positive demonstrations (January and March, 2011) of a heat generating device called “Energy Catalyzer” [5]. The Energy Catalyzer is an apparatus built by inventor Andrea Rossi, Italy. The patent application [5] states that the device transforms energy stored in its fuel (hydrogen and nickel) into heat by means of nuclear reaction of the two fuel components, with a consequent observed production of copper [5,6]. According to Rossi‟s patent application [5], heating of the sample is accomplished by an electric resistance heater.  Details of March 2011 demonstration were reported by Essen and Kullander [7]. The report [7] also contains references to January 2011 demonstration. In the following, we describe hydrogen-nickel reactions in section II. Other possible reactions are discussed in section III.  Conclusions are given in section IV.

II.  Hydrogen-Nickel Reactions
The generalized BECNF theory [4] can be applied to the case of hydrogen-nickel fusion reactions observed in Rossi‟s device (the energy catalyzer) [5] under the following two conditions: (1) additives used (not disclosed in the patent application) form Ni alloy and/or Ni metal/alloy oxide in the surface regions of nickel nano-scale particles, so that Ni atoms/nuclei become mobile with a sufficiently large diffusion coefficient and (2) local magnetic field is very weak in the surface regions, providing a suitable environment in which two neighboring protons can couple their spins anti-parallel to form spin-zero singlet state (S=0).  Relatively low Curie temperature (nickel has the Curie temperature of 631 oK (~358 oC)) is expected to help to maintain the weak magnetic field in the surface regions. If Rossi‟s device is operated at temperatures greater than the Curie temperature ~358 oC and with hydrogen pressures of up to ~22 bars, the conditions (1) and (2) may have been achieved in Rossi‟s device. The mobility of Ni atoms/nuclei (condition (1)) is enhanced by the use of an electric resistance heater to maintain higher temperatures. This may provide a suitable environment in which more of both Ni atoms/nuclei and protons become mobile, thus creating a favorable environment for the case of two species of Bosons (Ni nuclei and composite Bosons of paired two protons). If the velocities of mobile Ni atoms/nuclei under the condition (1) are sufficiently slow, their de-Broglie wavelengths become sufficiently large and may overlap with neighboring two-proton composite Bosons which are also mobile, thus creating Bose-Einstein condensation of two species of Bosons. The generalized BECNF theory can now be applied to these two-species of Bosons and provides a mechanism for the suppression/cancellation of the Coulomb barrier, as shown in [4]. Once the Coulomb barrier is overcome in the entrance reaction channel, many possible allowed exit reaction channels may become open such as reactions (i) ANi(2p(S=0), p)ˆA+1 Cu, with even A=58, 60, 62 and 64. These reactions will produce radioactive isotopes 59Cu and 61Cu with A = 58 and 60, respectively. 59Cu has a half-life of 81.5 seconds and decays by the electron capture to the 59Ni ground state (58.1%) which has a half-life of 7.6 x 10ˆ4 years and to the 59Ni excited states (41.9%) which in turn decay to the 59Ni ground state by emitting gamma-rays with energies ranging from 310.9 keV to 2682.0 keV [8]. 61Cu has a half-life of 3.333 hours and decays by the electron capture to the stable 61Ni ground state (67%) and to the 61Ni excited states (33%) which in turn decay to the 61Ni ground state by emitting gamma-rays with energies ranging from 67.412 keV to 2123.93 keV [8]. Gamma-rays (and neutrons) have not been observed outside the reactor chamber during the experiment [6]. These gamma-rays may have been present inside the reaction chamber. If no radiations are observed, reactions (i) are ruled out. Focardi and Rossi [6] reported that the experimental results of Rossi et al. indicate the production of  stable isotopes 63Cu and 65Cu with an isotopic ratio of 63Cu /65Cu ~ 1.6 (natural abundance is 63Cu/ 65Cu = 2.24). This production of Cu may be due to reactions (i). The production of 63Cu and 65Cu with isotopic ratio of 63Cu /65Cu different from the natural isotopic ratio is expected and can be explained by estimating the reaction rates for 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu.  Reaction rates estimates based on transmission probability calculated from a barrier tunneling model similar to the alpha-decay theory indicate that the reaction rates for stable Cu productions, 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu, are expected to be much larger than the reaction rates for production of radioactive Cu, 58Ni(2p(S=0), p)59Cu and 60Ni(2p(S=0), p)61Cu. This leads to the prediction that intensities of the gamma-rays from the decays of 59Cu and 61Cu are expected to be weak and do not commensurate with the observed heat production, which is mostly from stable Cu production  reactions 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu. There are other exit reaction channels which are (nearly) radiation-less, such as reactions (ii) ANi(2p(S=0), α)ˆA-2Ni, (even A=58, 60, 62, and 64) [9]. For this case, we expect that the natural isotopic ratio of Ni isotopes will be changed in a particular way, which can be checked from the  sample after each experiment.  Even though reactions (ii) produce radioactive isotope 56Ni, it can be shown using the alpha-decay theory that its reaction rate is much slower (by many order of magnitudes) than those of other reactions. Other exit reaction channels, ANi(2p(S=0), d)ACu, ANi(2p(S=0), 3HeA-1Ni, and ANi(2p(S=0), t)ˆA-1Cu (all with even A=58, 60, 62, and 64) are ruled out since these reactions all have negative Q-values.  There are possibilities of neutron-emission exit reaction channels, such as reactions (iii) ANi(2p(S=0), n)ˆA+1Zn, (even A= 62, and 64; Q is negative for A = 58 and 60).  However, reaction rates for reactions (iii) are expected be substantially smaller than those for reaction (i).  Reactions (iii) involve emission of a tightly bound neutron (62Ni -> 61Ni + n, Q = -10.597MeV or  64Ni -> 63Ni + n, Q = -9.657MeV) while reactions (i) involve emission of a loosely bound proton from an excited compound nuclear state consisting of ANi (even A) and 2p(S=0). Therefore, the transmission probability of a neutron tunneling through the centrifugal barrier in reactions (iii) is expected to be substantially smaller than that of a proton tunneling through the centrifugal barrier in reactions (i). The branching ratios of reactions (i) and (ii) need to be determined by measurements of gamma-ray energies and changes in isotopic ratios from future Ross-type experiments.  Theoretically, the branching ratios can be estimated by calculating transmission probability of an emitted charged particle tunneling through both Coulomb and centrifugal barriers in the exit reaction channel, as done in the alpha-decay theory.

III.  Other Possible Reactions
In addition to the above reactions described in II, there are possibilities of reactions involving additives used (not disclosed so far). For an example, if lithium is added as an additive, reaction (iv) 6Li(2p(S=0), p 3He)4He may be possible. As in cases of reactions (i) and (ii), Ni nano-particles would be still playing an important role of providing two-proton singlet composite Bosons for reaction (iv). Reaction (iv) would not change the isotopic ratios of Ni.

VI.  Conclusions
In order to explore validity and to test predictions of the generalized BECNF theory for the hydrogen-metal system, it is very important to carry out Rossi-type experiments independently in order to establish what are exact inputs and outputs of each experiment.  If the entrance and exit reaction channels are established experimentally, we can investigate selection rules as well as estimates of the reaction rates for different exit reaction channels, based on the generalized BECNF theory [1-4]. Once these experimental results are established, further application of the generalized BECNF theory can be made for the purpose of confirming the theoretical mechanism and making theoretical predictions, which can then be tested experimentally. Basic description of the above theoretical concepts for BECNF in the hydrogen-metal system will be included in an invited talk at a forthcoming nuclear physics conference [10], and will be published in the conference proceedings [10].

References

  1. Y. E. Kim, “Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Deuteron-Induced Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Grains and Particles”, Naturwissenschaften 96, 803 (2009) and references therein.
  2. Y. E. Kim, “Bose-Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in Metal”, J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 4, 188 (2010), Proceedings of Symposium on New Energy Technologies, the 239th National Meeting of American Chemical Society, San Francisco, March 21-26, 2010.
  3. Y. E. Kim, “Theoretical interpretation of anomalous tritium and neutron productions during  Pd/D co-deposition experiments”, Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.  52, 31101 (2010).
  4. Y. E. Kim and A. L. Zubarev, “Mixtures of Charged Bosons Confined in Harmonic Traps and Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation Processes in Condensed Matter”, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Proceedings of the 11th International conference on Cold Fusion, Marseilles, France, 31 October – 5 November, 2006, World Scientific Publishing Co., pp. 711-717.
  5. Andrea Rossi, “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT NICKEL AND HYDROGEN EXOTHERMAL REACTION”, United States Patent Application Publication (Pub. No.: US 2011/0005506 A1, Pub. Date: Jan. 13, 2011); http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/search/ja/WO2009125444.
  6. S. Focardi and A. Rossi, “A new energy source from nuclear fusion”, March 22, 2010. http://www.nyteknik.se/incoming/article3080659.ece/BINARY/Rossi-Forcardi_paper.pdf
    https://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=66 ,  February 2010
  7. H. Essen and S. Kullander, “Experimental test of a mini-Rossi device at the Leonardocorp, Bologna, 29 March 2011”, a travel report, April 3, 2011; http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/energi_miljo/energi/article3144827.ece
  8. Table of Isotopes, 8th Edition, Volume I: A = 1-150, edited by R. B. Firestone et al., published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (1999), pages 270 and 284.
  9. Reactions (ii) were suggested by T.  E. Ward, private communication, May 11, 2011.
  10. Y. E. Kim, “Deuteron Fusion in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles”, an invited talk to be presented at the Fifth Asia Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics 2011(APFB2011), August 22-26, 2011, Seoul, Korea. (http://www.apctp.org/conferences/2011/APFB2011/)

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859 comments to Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System

  • TH

    Dr. Rossi,

    Meanwhile as we wait for November something I wonder is….
    1. Do you think our US government may require that a future Combined Heat & Power (CHP) unit with an E-cat steam generator that’s in a secured/locked “Green Box” will need to be monitored by a person on site 24/7 since they will probably classify it as a Nuclear reactor (even though it poses no danger)?

    Maybe something as simple like this inexpensive remote monitor that I keep in my vacation home to monitor Heat, Humidity & Dew Point could be used in or around your “Green Box”. It keeps a computer log that I can check via the Internet and will notify me via email/sms msg if the temp in the room or maybe inside the E-cat “Green Box” if that temperature is < 51C/125Fdeg.

    http://www.mtmc.edu/thum/temprh.htm

    2. What temp is "normal" inside your 1MW container 3M x 2.5M x 2.5M (10'x 8' x 8') with all 330 units producing 4kWh?
    3. What temp would you estimate in a single E-cat CHP "Green Box" producing 4kWh?

    Warm regards,
    T.H.

  • Hi Andrea,

    There is talk on the web that you have resumed your relationship with Defkalion,

    We linked to the same Greek TV 6 article in our story today as well http://pesn.com/2011/08/11/9501893_Do_Hyperions_Dream_of_E-Cat_Reactor_Cores/

    Could you confirm that your relationship is restored with Defkalion? Do you plan on doing a press release?

    Thanks and best wishes from all of us.

    Sterling

  • S Woosnam

    Dear Mr Rossi,
    I wonder if you’ll be able to clarify something for me:
    Have you ever done an experiment where you have removed the Pb shielding from the e-cat and directly observed gamma rays? Obviously, I can understand that you don’t want to publicize precise details about the energy flux of the spectrum, since to do so could gives clues about the nature of what happens inside the core (proprietary), but if you can just confirm that gamma rays are definitely produced by fusing Ni and H and you have seen them, this would be strongly indicative of a nuclear process.
    Illegitimi non carborundum.

  • H. Visscher

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    I saw on http://www.mail-archive.com/vortex-l@eskimo.com/msg50398.html that you and Defkalion are back together again. Is this true?

    Thanks

    H. Visscher

  • Bernie Koppenhofer

    Mr. Rossi: Congratulations again! I completely understand your reluctance to tell us who your US customer is, but could you tell us if the company or companies you are dealing with are energy companies, i.e. oil or gas related companies?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Garth Schmalenberg:
    Thank you for your insight. We are working to make this technology as massively useful as possible.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Mr. Rossi,

    I came upon your e-cat device during my writing a research paper on Conflict and Oil while researching Fusion as a potential alternative. At first it seemed to be another “too good to be true” concept but as I continued reading I became more hopeful. I can only hope that nothing will stop the production of your device. I am also appreciative that you have answered each of the e-mails written to you.

    It occurs to me that many technologies have been used for both good and bad. This has been true for Oil which has been the cause of so much conflict as well as for newer technologies like social media that have been recently used both for positive gatherings and political freedoms as well as for inciting mass robberies and rioting. It is easy to imagine that some might use the availability of nearly limitless power for unethical purposes or, at very least, for helping the rich to automate factories even further in order to lower their labor costs and become even richer while disregarding the needs of those who are unemployed or underemployed.

    I can only hope that the distribution of new forms of power take into consideration the needs of the poor and underemployed as well as the wealthy of the world. How wonderful it would be to couple the production of limitless power with the production of pipelines and the ability to pump, desalinate and filter ocean water for those who are forced to reside in refugee camps in Kenya where drinking water and irrigation of land are so badly needed for food and self-sufficiency. How amazing would it be for those poor souls to have access to power for building to have homes and schools, to have power for light and communications so that their children can be educated, and, at long last, they could be able to share the richness of their cultural strengths, which have been all but lost in their desperate attempts to survive, rather than the desperation which is no fault of their own.

    It is my hope that you achieve your objective and that your e-cat be widely available for those who most need it.

    Sincerely
    Garth

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Enrico Maria Podestà:
    You should be able to find it easy just going to
    http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com
    Probably you tried in one of the many moments during which our Journal is under attack from somewhere. Just try again after some hour, when it happens…our very good informatic fights close to every day for this issue. Also to me happens that I go to the site of the Journal to answer to the Readers, and the journal, literally, disappears! Then I call the informatic and he says: “Again???” Then he fights and after some hour we can work again. C’est la vie!
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Littlehaste2:
    Now I cannot give this info, upon demand of the Customer. I will give this information within the end of October.
    Thank you for your attention,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Jan Ekmark:
    Thank you for this delighting song…he,he,he…
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • littlehaste2

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    Could you please be so kind as to tell us where in the US your first megawatt plant will be demonstrated? It’s much easier and cheaper to get airline tickets with a bit of advance notice!

  • Enrico Maria Podestà

    Dear Ing. Rossi is no longer downloadable from its website this document, you please give me the link right?

    http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/files/Rossi-Focardi_paper.pdf

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Luke Mortensen:
    No one in the world holds any E-Cat, but us, so far.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear EriK:
    There are enlightened big Companies which are backing us. In October we will start up the 1 MW plant in the USA, you bet.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • ERIK

    Dear mr. rossi, I believe that the technology is real, but I doubt that will be available to the public. Large corporations do not have this interest becomes real, licensing agreements with smaller companies for the manufacture of household-use devices for heating water and homes could be one possible way. I doubt it will be possible to present their technology to the world in octuber, much will be done to prevent it.

    Sorry, my English not’s good

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Mats Lewan:
    Thank you for the translation of the letter of Christos Stremmenos: this letter is so beautiful, scientifically and deonthologically speaking, that It merited to be translated in perfect English, as you kindly did. My English is not perfect, and I wanted a perfect English for this immense demonstration of scientific knowledge, honesty. In the brain of Christos Stremmenos there is the legacy of fifty centuries of Greek Culture.
    Warm Regards,
    Andrea Rossi

  • LETTER FROM PROF STREMMENOS IN TRANSLATION

    Dear all,
    Yesterday Prof Christos Stremmenos made a comment on the breach between EFA and Defkalion, in a message written in Italian.
    Here’s now a translation into English of this message:
    http://www.nyteknik.se/incoming/article3229673.ece/BINARY/Letter+fr+Prof+Christos+Stremmenos+%28pdf%29

    Kind Regards,
    Mats Lewan

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Eugenio:
    In this moment I have to think to what I can do for you. The set up of the 1 MW plant is up to me and leaves not space for anything else. But I will remember your generous comment.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Pekka Janhunen:
    You are right, what count are the hours of operation.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Bernie Koppenhofer:
    Yes, desalinization is a perfect target for our E-Cats.
    Warmest Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Giuseppe,
    Thank you for the advice.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Jim Cramer,
    Thank you very much,
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Jim Cramer

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    While I have many important questions regarding your e-cat LENR technology, I’m content to wait until the last week of October for proof (as you said many times) and I appeal to all other interested parties to be patient.

    This last week in October will either be a week of great sadness for those that know our planet is close to an ecological tipping point or, an unrivaled history making achievement that could very well prevent the mass extinction of our species.

    You are in my prayers as you navigate these difficult times Mr. Rossi.

    Regards,

    Jim Cramer

  • Giuseppe

    Dear Dr. Andrea Rossi

    You do not know how much emotionally involved I’ve been following (for months) your story.
    If we look at the cost of operating and maintenance of existing power plants it is no surprise that there are very powerful corporations around the world (GE, EDF, oil companies etc.) that are working to ensure this technology not to spread.
    This is why patent offices don’t want to release patent grant at the moment waiting to understand what to do.

    It would be a better world if this technology was available at low prices for everybody and I’m terrified that this could not happen.
    So I’m really happy to feel you confident in the future.

    I just want to give you a piece of (good) advice: if you intend to lease the patent grant, prefer to lease it to many small producers rather than just few big ones so that there won’t be monopolies or cartels (beware of americans).

    Go Rossi go!!!!

    (sorry for my english)
    Giuseppe

  • Bernie Koppenhofer

    Mr Rossi. Congratulations again. There are many people in the world suffering because of lack of water. Desalination seems to be a perfect match for the E-Cat. First, do you agree it is a good match? Second, if yes, are you or any of your employees pursuing desalination? Thanks in advance for your reply.

  • Dear Dr. Rossi,

    If you run an E-cat at, say, 10% of the rated power, does it then last 10 times longer? Are there any known aging processes of the fuel powder that might set a maximum time limit for operation?

    (I’m thinking of space probe applications where E-cats might replace RTGs whose drawback is high cost. One would be interested in running times of at least 3-5 years and possibly up to 20 years. Power is among the largest bottlenecks currently holding back robotic exploration of the outer solar system.)

    thanks, /Pekka Janhunen

  • Eugenio Mieli

    Dear Andrea Rossi

    you answer our questions without asking for anything.

    Remember that, beyond a few people only interested in power that comes from your discovery, you can count on a vast army of supporters from all over the world.

    Maybe it’s time that we do our part.

    Do not hesitate to ask.

    With great respect,

    Eugenio

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear TH:
    For commercial issues please contact us in November.
    Can write to
    info@leonardocorp1996.com
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Henk:
    Thank you!
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Henk

    Dear mr. Rossi,

    I follow the news about your technology with excitement. When your technology will be in use and delivers sustainable energy at a low price, as you say, this will be world news, the “E-day” as it is called by others. I expect it will give rise to a feeling of optimism all over the world. I hope it will contribute to economical growth and stability in all the particular countries in the world and in that way also can contribute to the continuous process of learning of societies and people in the right direction (*).

    I hope you can make it work and make it a success, for yourself of course and for us as admiring and excitened followers / believers of your technology. Good luck!

    kind regards,
    Henk

    (*) “Communicative selfsteering” and “selfsteering of learning”, that’s the new philosophy which has been worked out by Arnold Cornelis, knowledge theorician and philosopher, in his book Logic of Feeling, The Retarded Time and Restpoints of the Spirit, and what I have been studying in depth to be able to explain it to people).

  • TH

    Dear Dr. Rossi,

    Can you post a couple of new email addresses that future interested & serious customers can write too that might send back a read receipt?

    1. Getting on a waiting list for future orders:
    2. Personal consumer questions they’d rather not post:

    Warm regards,
    T.H.

  • Henk

    Dear Roberto, please give me your e-mail adres, I like to comment on your message privately. Mine is h.nijsingh@gmail.com. I hope you like to correspond with me.

    kind regards,
    Henk

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Enzo Bellato:
    Interesting, to be studied.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Enzo Bellato:
    Thanks to you,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear H. Visscher:
    Too soon to talk of households,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Roberto:
    Thank you,
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Alessandro Casali:
    1- Ampenergo is a our commercial organization
    2- Our factory in Miami is not available for visits, therefore I maintain covered the address.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Alessandro Casali

    Dear Dr. Rossi,

    You may think i’m turning into a Nightmer, but i have another couple of questions that my curiosity drives me to ask you:

    1) Yesterday you stated that Leonardo Corporation will take care of manufacturing the e-cats for the new US customer, so what will the Ampenergo role be in this contract and also in future contracts?

    1) Also, it looks like (from informations gathered from the Internet, not personally verified) that Leonardo Corporation physical adresses don’t mach any facility suitable for industrial producrtion of complex devices like the e-cat, not to mention a 1MV plant. May you clarify on this matter?

    I’m clearly not asking you to tell us where you are manifacturing your devices, i just wanted you to ensure us that you actually have a factory somewhere, and that you are not making the e-cats in an appartment or something like that because that would be quite hard to believe.

    I sincerly hope my questions did not upset you, i have a great hope for your thecnology and it is this hope that makes me seek for answers to my doubts.

    Warm Regards,

    ac.

  • georgehants

    Dear Mr Rossi,
    Sorry to hear of the problems, but wonderful that you confirm the time-table for the release of the 1MW. unit has not changed.
    Thank you for keeping us all fully updated.
    Best Wishes.

  • Roberto

    Caro Andrea Rossi
    Sono italiano come lei e la stimo moltissimo nonostante le campagne diffamatorie nei suio confronti da fonti più o meno autorevoli , sono convinto che il tempo gli darà ragione.
    La battaglia che sta conducendo non è da poco la sento forte del fatto che la sua scoperta è reale, non una teoria fisica accademica ,l’invidia degli illuminati e notevole e proporzionale agli ostacoli che gli si presenteranno davanti .
    Seguo la vicenda e-cat da mesi e molto appasionante e di ciò bisogna rigraziere internet perchè sui media nazionali tiene banco la crisi degli stati per il loro elevato debito pubblico e le borse impazzite. Io penso che tutto cio sia causato da questa rivoluzione globale che c’è nell’aria (quella poca che ci è rimasta) la voglia dei popoli di respirare libertà, il tutto ricorda vagamente storie di altri tempi grandi rivoluzioni sociali e tecnologiche .

    -Io credo nell’ e-cat come riscatto della massa dalla multi nazionali del petrollio e del nucleare che inquinano e non pagano i danni .

    -Io credo e-cat perchè sono ottimista per i mie figli che forse riusciranno a viveri in un modo più facile dove ci si potra dedicare di più agli studi e alla scienza e alle scoperte e non come pagare la bolleta dell’energia e come arrivare alla fine del mese.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè non ci sarà più popoli che soffrono la fame e la sete.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè l’energia sia un bene primari come l’acqua ,l’aria ,la terra come patrimonio dell’umanità.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè la casta corrotta lo ignorano e lo temono per proteggere i loro investimenti

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè è per i popoli e non per le banche che li usurano

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè non ci saranno più popoli schiavi di queste finte democrazie.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat per fermare le guerre

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè ci permettera di colonizzare l’universo.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat come una pennicellina per il mondo.

    -Io credo nell’ e-cat perchè “da grandi poteri derivano grandi resposabilità ”
    forse la sopravvivenza del genere umano e le sofferenze umane possono essere risolte.

    -Io credo nell’e-cat perchè lei ha diritto a suio brevetti internazionali e alla giusta ricompensa e fama alla pari dei più grandi inventori.

    -Io credo nell’ e-cat, ma bisogna fare molto infretta prima che questo sogno finisca nelle mani sbagliete o in qualche cassetto.

    -Io credo nell’ e-cat perchè oggi c’è rimasto ben poco a cui credere.

    Forse il 2012 porterà questo, un punto di svolta dell’umanita un risveglio delle coscenze dalla cosapevolezza che tutti i capitali accumulati dal petrolio nelle mani di pochi potenti servono
    solo a far vacillare economie e governi speculando in borsa arrichendosi per comprare potere per proteggere quel castello di sabbia che si può distruggere con del Nikel ed Idrogeno e un pò del suo ingegno Ing. Andrea Rossi..
    Ha molti nemici ma sono ottimista forse i tempi sono maturi.
    Buon Lavoro
    Cordiali Saluti
    S.R.

    Dear Andrea Rossi
    I am Italian and I admire very much like her in spite of the smear campaigns against suio in more or less authoritative sources, I am convinced that the time will give reason.
     The battle that is waging is not just feel strongly that his discovery is real, not an academic theory of physics, the envy of the enlightened and substantial and proportional to the obstacles that will come before.
    I follow the cat-and each other for months and much of what you have and appasionante rigraziere Internet because the national media of the crisis were holding forth for their high public debt and stock exchanges crazy. I think that everything is caused by this global revolution that’s in the air (what little we have left) the desire of people to breathe free, all vaguely reminiscent of the great stories of the past social and technological revolutions.

    -I believe in ‘and mass-cat as a ransom from the multi-national and nuclear Petrolla that pollute and do not pay the damages.

    -I believe in ‘cat-and why I am optimistic for my children who may be able to food in an easier way where you can spend more studies and science and discoveries and not pay the energy and newsletters how to get to the end of the month.

    -I believe in ‘cat-and because there will be more people suffering from hunger and thirst.

    -I believe in e-cat is a good thing because the primary energy such as water, air, earth as a World Heritage Site.

    -I believe in e-cat because they ignore the caste corrupt and fear to protect their investments

    E-cat-I believe because it is for the people and not for the banks that people wear

    -E-cat because I believe there will be more enslaved peoples of these fake democracies.

    -I believe in e-cat to stop wars

    -E-cat because I believe will allow us to colonize the universe.

    -I believe in e-cat as a pennicellina the world.

    -I believe in e-cat because “with great power comes great resposabilità”
    Perhaps the survival of mankind and human suffering can be resolved.

    -I believe in e-cat because she has the right to suio international patents and the just reward and fame equal of the greatest inventors.

    -I believe in e-cat, but you have to do much infretta before this dream fall into the wrong hands or in a drawer.

    -I believe in e-cat, because today there is little left to believe.

    Perhaps 2012 will this be a turning point of humanity awakening of consciousness from the awareness that all funds earned from oil in the hands of a few powerful serve
    only economies and topple governments enriching speculating on the stock market to buy power to protect that castle of sand that can destroy the hydrogen and nickel and some of his genius Mr. Rossi Andrea ..
    He has many enemies, but I am optimistic, perhaps the time is ripe.
    Good job.

    Warm Regards,

    S.R.

  • H. Visscher

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    Just another question, do you think an e-cat can be made small enough and has enough potential to heat a kitchen oven?

    Thanks

    H. Visscher

  • Caro Ing. Rossi, mi ha fatto un grande regalo. Ho ricevuto la sua risposta. penso che in questi momenti sia “tirato per la giacca” da mezzo mondo e ha trovato il tempo per rispondermi. Sono un bambinone di sessantanni che crede ancora nelle persone. Lei è un grande. Grazie

  • Andrea Rossi

    WARNING TO ALL THE READERS OF THE JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS:
    WITH THIS LETTER OF DEFKALION, AFTER THE LETTER OF PROF. STREMMENOS AND THE PRESS RELEASE OF EFA SRL, AND AFTER THE MANY COMMENTS AND THE RELATIVE ANSWERS, THE ISSUE IS OVER.
    WE WILL NOT MAKE OTHER STATEMENTS AND WILL NOT APPROVE FURTHER COMMENTS ON TIS ISSUE.
    ANDREA ROSSI

  • Caro Ing. Rossi, ho letto che la Panasonic ha messo a punto un tubo elettrotermico (è giusto il termine?) che trasforma il passaggio dell’acqua calda a 90° direttamente in energia elettrica con una resa interessante. Potrebbe secondo lei essere applicato all’e.cat? grazie e in bocca al lupo.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Caro Enzo Bellato:
    Grazie per il Suo incoraggiamento, è graditissimo!
    Cordiali saluti,
    Andrea Rossi

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Alessandro Casali:
    1- Buy from Leonardo Corporation
    2- We didn’t decide jet.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Alessandro Casali

    Dear Dr. Rossi,

    thank you for your comprehensive answer, now things look more clear.

    Maybe I’m too curious but may i ask you another couple of things:

    1) Is your new customer going to produce e-cats under licence or is it just going to buy e-cats from you?

    2) When do you think will the R&D with Bologna University start? before or after the 1MW plant?

    Warm Regards e in bocca al lupo

    ac

  • Caro Ing. Rossi, non oso immaginare le pressioni che ha avuto in questi tempi. Ha fatto bene a rendere commercializzabile il prodotto prima di gonfiarsi il petto nei convegni. Lei ci restituisce l’orgoglio di essere italiani. E siamo orgogliosi,immeritatamente, che la persona che cambierà il mondo sia italiana.
    Mi mandi una e-mail voglio incorniciarla.
    Grazie

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