Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System

by Yeong E. Kim Department of Physics, Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA

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ABSTRACT
Generalized theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) is used to carry out theoretical analyses of recent experimental results of Rossi et al. for hydrogen-nickel system.  Based on incomplete experimental information currently available, preliminary theoretical explanations of the experimental results are presented in terms of the generalized BECNF theory. Additional accurate experimental data are needed for obtaining more complete theoretical descriptions and predictions, which can be tested by further experiments.

I.  Introduction
Over the last two decades, there have been many publications reporting experimental observations of excess heat generation and anomalous nuclear reactions occurring in metals at ultra-low energies, now known as „low-energy nuclear reactions‟ (LENR).  Theoretical explanations of the LENR phenomena have been described based on the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) in micro/nano-scale metal particles [1-3].  The BECNF theory is based on a single basic assumption capable of explaining the observed LENR phenomena; deuterons in metals undergo Bose-Einstein condensation.  While the BECNF theory is able to make general qualitative predictions concerning LENR phenomena it is also a quantitative predictive physical theory.  Some of the theoretical predictions have been confirmed by experiments reported recently.  The BECNF theory was generalized for the case of two species of Bosons [4].

Recently, there were two positive demonstrations (January and March, 2011) of a heat generating device called “Energy Catalyzer” [5]. The Energy Catalyzer is an apparatus built by inventor Andrea Rossi, Italy. The patent application [5] states that the device transforms energy stored in its fuel (hydrogen and nickel) into heat by means of nuclear reaction of the two fuel components, with a consequent observed production of copper [5,6]. According to Rossi‟s patent application [5], heating of the sample is accomplished by an electric resistance heater.  Details of March 2011 demonstration were reported by Essen and Kullander [7]. The report [7] also contains references to January 2011 demonstration. In the following, we describe hydrogen-nickel reactions in section II. Other possible reactions are discussed in section III.  Conclusions are given in section IV.

II.  Hydrogen-Nickel Reactions
The generalized BECNF theory [4] can be applied to the case of hydrogen-nickel fusion reactions observed in Rossi‟s device (the energy catalyzer) [5] under the following two conditions: (1) additives used (not disclosed in the patent application) form Ni alloy and/or Ni metal/alloy oxide in the surface regions of nickel nano-scale particles, so that Ni atoms/nuclei become mobile with a sufficiently large diffusion coefficient and (2) local magnetic field is very weak in the surface regions, providing a suitable environment in which two neighboring protons can couple their spins anti-parallel to form spin-zero singlet state (S=0).  Relatively low Curie temperature (nickel has the Curie temperature of 631 oK (~358 oC)) is expected to help to maintain the weak magnetic field in the surface regions. If Rossi‟s device is operated at temperatures greater than the Curie temperature ~358 oC and with hydrogen pressures of up to ~22 bars, the conditions (1) and (2) may have been achieved in Rossi‟s device. The mobility of Ni atoms/nuclei (condition (1)) is enhanced by the use of an electric resistance heater to maintain higher temperatures. This may provide a suitable environment in which more of both Ni atoms/nuclei and protons become mobile, thus creating a favorable environment for the case of two species of Bosons (Ni nuclei and composite Bosons of paired two protons). If the velocities of mobile Ni atoms/nuclei under the condition (1) are sufficiently slow, their de-Broglie wavelengths become sufficiently large and may overlap with neighboring two-proton composite Bosons which are also mobile, thus creating Bose-Einstein condensation of two species of Bosons. The generalized BECNF theory can now be applied to these two-species of Bosons and provides a mechanism for the suppression/cancellation of the Coulomb barrier, as shown in [4]. Once the Coulomb barrier is overcome in the entrance reaction channel, many possible allowed exit reaction channels may become open such as reactions (i) ANi(2p(S=0), p)ˆA+1 Cu, with even A=58, 60, 62 and 64. These reactions will produce radioactive isotopes 59Cu and 61Cu with A = 58 and 60, respectively. 59Cu has a half-life of 81.5 seconds and decays by the electron capture to the 59Ni ground state (58.1%) which has a half-life of 7.6 x 10ˆ4 years and to the 59Ni excited states (41.9%) which in turn decay to the 59Ni ground state by emitting gamma-rays with energies ranging from 310.9 keV to 2682.0 keV [8]. 61Cu has a half-life of 3.333 hours and decays by the electron capture to the stable 61Ni ground state (67%) and to the 61Ni excited states (33%) which in turn decay to the 61Ni ground state by emitting gamma-rays with energies ranging from 67.412 keV to 2123.93 keV [8]. Gamma-rays (and neutrons) have not been observed outside the reactor chamber during the experiment [6]. These gamma-rays may have been present inside the reaction chamber. If no radiations are observed, reactions (i) are ruled out. Focardi and Rossi [6] reported that the experimental results of Rossi et al. indicate the production of  stable isotopes 63Cu and 65Cu with an isotopic ratio of 63Cu /65Cu ~ 1.6 (natural abundance is 63Cu/ 65Cu = 2.24). This production of Cu may be due to reactions (i). The production of 63Cu and 65Cu with isotopic ratio of 63Cu /65Cu different from the natural isotopic ratio is expected and can be explained by estimating the reaction rates for 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu.  Reaction rates estimates based on transmission probability calculated from a barrier tunneling model similar to the alpha-decay theory indicate that the reaction rates for stable Cu productions, 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu, are expected to be much larger than the reaction rates for production of radioactive Cu, 58Ni(2p(S=0), p)59Cu and 60Ni(2p(S=0), p)61Cu. This leads to the prediction that intensities of the gamma-rays from the decays of 59Cu and 61Cu are expected to be weak and do not commensurate with the observed heat production, which is mostly from stable Cu production  reactions 62Ni(2p(S=0), p)63Cu and 64Ni(2p(S=0), p)65Cu. There are other exit reaction channels which are (nearly) radiation-less, such as reactions (ii) ANi(2p(S=0), α)ˆA-2Ni, (even A=58, 60, 62, and 64) [9]. For this case, we expect that the natural isotopic ratio of Ni isotopes will be changed in a particular way, which can be checked from the  sample after each experiment.  Even though reactions (ii) produce radioactive isotope 56Ni, it can be shown using the alpha-decay theory that its reaction rate is much slower (by many order of magnitudes) than those of other reactions. Other exit reaction channels, ANi(2p(S=0), d)ACu, ANi(2p(S=0), 3HeA-1Ni, and ANi(2p(S=0), t)ˆA-1Cu (all with even A=58, 60, 62, and 64) are ruled out since these reactions all have negative Q-values.  There are possibilities of neutron-emission exit reaction channels, such as reactions (iii) ANi(2p(S=0), n)ˆA+1Zn, (even A= 62, and 64; Q is negative for A = 58 and 60).  However, reaction rates for reactions (iii) are expected be substantially smaller than those for reaction (i).  Reactions (iii) involve emission of a tightly bound neutron (62Ni -> 61Ni + n, Q = -10.597MeV or  64Ni -> 63Ni + n, Q = -9.657MeV) while reactions (i) involve emission of a loosely bound proton from an excited compound nuclear state consisting of ANi (even A) and 2p(S=0). Therefore, the transmission probability of a neutron tunneling through the centrifugal barrier in reactions (iii) is expected to be substantially smaller than that of a proton tunneling through the centrifugal barrier in reactions (i). The branching ratios of reactions (i) and (ii) need to be determined by measurements of gamma-ray energies and changes in isotopic ratios from future Ross-type experiments.  Theoretically, the branching ratios can be estimated by calculating transmission probability of an emitted charged particle tunneling through both Coulomb and centrifugal barriers in the exit reaction channel, as done in the alpha-decay theory.

III.  Other Possible Reactions
In addition to the above reactions described in II, there are possibilities of reactions involving additives used (not disclosed so far). For an example, if lithium is added as an additive, reaction (iv) 6Li(2p(S=0), p 3He)4He may be possible. As in cases of reactions (i) and (ii), Ni nano-particles would be still playing an important role of providing two-proton singlet composite Bosons for reaction (iv). Reaction (iv) would not change the isotopic ratios of Ni.

VI.  Conclusions
In order to explore validity and to test predictions of the generalized BECNF theory for the hydrogen-metal system, it is very important to carry out Rossi-type experiments independently in order to establish what are exact inputs and outputs of each experiment.  If the entrance and exit reaction channels are established experimentally, we can investigate selection rules as well as estimates of the reaction rates for different exit reaction channels, based on the generalized BECNF theory [1-4]. Once these experimental results are established, further application of the generalized BECNF theory can be made for the purpose of confirming the theoretical mechanism and making theoretical predictions, which can then be tested experimentally. Basic description of the above theoretical concepts for BECNF in the hydrogen-metal system will be included in an invited talk at a forthcoming nuclear physics conference [10], and will be published in the conference proceedings [10].

References

  1. Y. E. Kim, “Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Deuteron-Induced Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Grains and Particles”, Naturwissenschaften 96, 803 (2009) and references therein.
  2. Y. E. Kim, “Bose-Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in Metal”, J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 4, 188 (2010), Proceedings of Symposium on New Energy Technologies, the 239th National Meeting of American Chemical Society, San Francisco, March 21-26, 2010.
  3. Y. E. Kim, “Theoretical interpretation of anomalous tritium and neutron productions during  Pd/D co-deposition experiments”, Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.  52, 31101 (2010).
  4. Y. E. Kim and A. L. Zubarev, “Mixtures of Charged Bosons Confined in Harmonic Traps and Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation Processes in Condensed Matter”, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Proceedings of the 11th International conference on Cold Fusion, Marseilles, France, 31 October – 5 November, 2006, World Scientific Publishing Co., pp. 711-717.
  5. Andrea Rossi, “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT NICKEL AND HYDROGEN EXOTHERMAL REACTION”, United States Patent Application Publication (Pub. No.: US 2011/0005506 A1, Pub. Date: Jan. 13, 2011); http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/search/ja/WO2009125444.
  6. S. Focardi and A. Rossi, “A new energy source from nuclear fusion”, March 22, 2010. http://www.nyteknik.se/incoming/article3080659.ece/BINARY/Rossi-Forcardi_paper.pdf
    https://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=66 ,  February 2010
  7. H. Essen and S. Kullander, “Experimental test of a mini-Rossi device at the Leonardocorp, Bologna, 29 March 2011”, a travel report, April 3, 2011; http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/energi_miljo/energi/article3144827.ece
  8. Table of Isotopes, 8th Edition, Volume I: A = 1-150, edited by R. B. Firestone et al., published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (1999), pages 270 and 284.
  9. Reactions (ii) were suggested by T.  E. Ward, private communication, May 11, 2011.
  10. Y. E. Kim, “Deuteron Fusion in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles”, an invited talk to be presented at the Fifth Asia Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics 2011(APFB2011), August 22-26, 2011, Seoul, Korea. (http://www.apctp.org/conferences/2011/APFB2011/)

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859 comments to Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System

  • L. Gefert

    Does the e-cat device depend on gravity while producing energy? Is in-space power generation viable using e-cat technology?

    Cheers,
    L.G.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Enrico De Toni:
    We do not contradict the laws of physics.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Enrico De Toni

    Dear Ing. Rossi,

    Few days ago I told a colleague here in Germany of the e-cat. His burst of laughter is still echoing: “impossible!”

    Now, with regard to the firm conviction on the fact that a woking e-cat contradicts the laws of physics, I wish you that this quote will apply to your discovery:

    “They didn’t know it was impossible, so they did it.” – Mark Twain

    Best,

    Enrico De Toni

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Bellato Enzo:
    In October, obviously, I will have no time even to breath.
    Please contact me in November,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Caro Andrea Rossi, ho visto le foto del primo impianto. Nessuna megacentrale ma tutto in un container. Grande, sono emozionato.. a quando il mantenimento della sua promessa di vederci negli USA? Complimenti alla faccia dei serpenti

  • Dear Mr. Rossi,

    Thank you for your candid answer.

    Best of luck. You have us all on the edge of our seats.

    Charlie Sutherland

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Charlie Sutherland:
    I cannot give this information,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Mr. A. Rossi,

    If the lead shielding is outside the reactor and cooling jacket, the shielding should not reach its melting temperature even though the e-cat reactor is operating at 400C. Is there another reason for the 400C operating limit not related to the lead shielding?

    Charlie Sutherland

  • Bob Dingman

    Perhaps the right eutectic combination of metals will yield a higher temperature.

  • Bob Dingman

    Bismuth, instead of lead, could be used except it melts even lower, 271.5 deg C.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear F. Guidi:
    1- not yet, we will deliver it to them in October
    2- I have other problems, right now. I am not a “Medieventist”.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Eng. Rossi,
    A couple of quick questions for you if I may:
    1) Does Uppsala University currently have a E-Cat system in place for testing?
    2) How large a “Media Event” do you expect to see for the 1 MW plant’s unveiling?

    Best wishes for a bright future.

    Frank Guidi

  • Joseph Fine

    Peter Heckert:

    Lead melts at 327.5 C. Tungsten, on the other hand, melts between 3410 and 3422 C. Somewhere between these temperatures there’s a more ideal material.

    Remember, Dr. Rossi is optimizing ten (or more?) things at the same time. And answering questions, too. That’s enough for now. Next year, maybe there will be an E-CAT 2 or 3.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Peter Heckert:
    Lead is protected by water through a particular design, but, yes, lead melting point is a limitation, so far.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Joseph Fine:
    1- 400 Celsius is an engineering limitation, so far
    2- Of course there are limits put from economic issues too: the E-Cat must be cheap and safe.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Joseph Fine

    A.R., Charlie Sutherland:

    Is a temperature of 400 degrees Celsius 1) a Scientific limitation, 2) an Engineering limitation, 3) some of both or is it 4) proprietary information? Is this limit imposed by physical principles (Curie Temperature, melting temperatures of components) etc. or materials considerations and design (such as the use of lead for shielding, water as coolant, etc? In other words, if you had a clean sheet of paper, not to mention more time and funds, could you exceed 400 degrees and reach 500 degrees C? There appear to be good substitutes for lead, so the melting temperature of lead need not be an issue.

    While “Better is the enemy of good enough”, can the design be improved upon? That is, can “Best be a better friend than good enough” ?

    Just curious, as usual:

    J.F.

  • Peter Heckert

    Mr. Rossi,

    400°C is abobe the melting point of lead, so far I know.
    Wouldnt this limit the temperature?
    Best,
    Peter

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Charlie Sutherland:
    1- theoretically the limit is 400 Celsius
    2- Yes
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Mr. Andrea Rossi,

    I see that your e-cat devices are using water to collect and transfer the heat generated. Is there a published operating temperature limit? And, can your e-cat device be air cooled as well?

    I ask these questions because it may open up many more uses of your device.

    Thank you.

    Charlie Sutherland

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Kim Patterson:
    We are working very hard on the electric power issue, and I reasonably foresee that we will be ready within 1 to 2 years.
    From November we will be on the market with our heat generators.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Kim Patterson

    I have always hoped that you would
    just hook the business end of the
    E-Cat to a small steam generator, and then see how much electricity
    it puts out versus the electrical input.

    Should go a long way to finally
    convince people in a practical way.

    Respect
    Kim

  • Piero Montanara

    Dr. Rossi
    I’m following you from a long time on 22passi with high hopes. I congratulate you on this new model 1 MWt and I hope that behind the resignation of the previous buyer, there are not political and economic forces that have forced him to stop your work. I wrote this note to say you that I do not think rationally correct the “distributively” positioning and connections of the new a-cat with all these connecting tubes. If it were possible I would see more suitable a single large boiler proper cylindrical or cylindrical crown by which scroll through the rifregerante while the a-cats are inserted into files accessible from the outer surface might alternate. On the surface, then hydrogen pipelines, electricity and may also suggest a circuit of sensors and relays for the automatic control of single a-cat. One shirt of lead ecc.However, a module .. It is probably a very foolish idea, certainly for the moment it did not get into your development plans, but for the future … greetings

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear John Salinger:
    This is a pure coincidence.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • John Salinger

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    Regarding the domain http://www.e-cat.com, it was registered in 2004. Long before there was an energy catalyzer, there were equilibrium catalysts (E-CAT).

    http://www.equilibriumcatalyst.com/eciservices.html

    Looks like this was pure coincidence, but what are the odds?!

    Best Regards,

    ~John

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear T.R.:
    Our guarantee is 1:6.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • T.R.

    dear mr Rossi
    you said that the relation between input and out output power is 1:6. Is it the same in the new type of e-cat that you used in your plant? I mean self-susteining mode. Is there any influence on total efficiency?
    Sory for my english
    warm regards
    T.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Richard M.:
    1- same density as before
    2- no info about this is available
    3- automatic operation
    4- yes
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Richard M.

    Dear Mr. Andrea Rossi,

    If you could spare a bit of time, I have a few questions.

    1)Could you please inform us as to the reactor core volume of the new E-Cat modules? Have they increased in size from 50 cubic centimeter modules? If so, what is their size and volume?

    2) Will the home or domestic units you mention utilize the same reactor cores as the units in the one megawatt system?

    3) Will the self sustaining home or domestic units have to utilize an input every 30 minutes, or will they be able to run continually without input?

    4) In the system featured by NyTeknik (very impressive by the way), is all the liquid water coming out from the system condensed steam that has cooled down while traveling down the tube? If so, the output energy is on the high side of Nyteknik’s estimates.

    Congratulations on the success you are having with the E-Cat! I hope you obtain the funding you need so the expenses will not have to come out of your own pocket.

  • Kim Patterson

    Thanks for your response.
    Your a Kind Man Mr Rossi, and I’m
    Just an Impatient man.

    Respect
    Kim

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Kim Patterson:
    Oil is a precious resource that Mankind has learnt to exploit: we will always need it and the jobs it has made. As I always said, all the energy sources are necessary and must be integrated. Do not forget the millions of jobs that oil has produced.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Kim Patterson

    Dear Mr. Andrea Rossi

    When does the family of man
    finally have its freedom from
    oil?

    When……..????????

  • Mr. Rossi,

    I first heard of you from die-hard forum friends at Steorn. The Steorn folks were sincere, but should have waited to prove the reality of their devices before announcing it to the world.

    I believe you may have taken a lesson from them. It is so very good to hear that things are working out for you and your venture.

    All the Best,

    Charlie Sutherland

  • […] una delle ultime ribadisce l’imminenza dell’entrata in funzione (con relativa distribuzione) […]

  • Koen Vandewalle

    Dear Dr. Rossi,
    Dear Andrea,
    It was foreseeable that too many will want to visit your first plant. The whole world, everyone, wants to be there. The mainstream media will apologize to you for hiding you so long. They did not believe you, but now they will be the first in line. Asking, no,… begging, to be the first. This is also the market. It is also someones truth. You will become a “difficult to reach” person. Your testing-devices and prototypes will become collectors items, and so on. After the launch, all these conversations and this Journal may be history.
    I really hope you will have time enough remaining to do the real interesting and fun things, like improving and inventing, as engineers always love to do. I hope we ever meet, some day.
    Congratulations,
    Koen

  • […] has come from Andrea Rossi’s website regarding the demonstration of Rossi’s 1 MW Plant. A reader wrote, “May I suggest you to install some webcam and real time power meters of your plant to be […]

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Italo A. Albanese:
    Yes, we will.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Italo A. Albanese

    Dear Andrea Rossi,
    May I suggest you to install some webcam and real time power meters of your plant to be shown on this site?

    Best regards,
    Italo A.

  • Andrea Rossi

    WARNING TO ALL OUR READERS:
    I AM RECEIVING THOUSANDS OF REQUESTS OF INVITATION TO VISIT OUR PLANT. FOR OBVIOUS REASONS OF SECURITY WE CANNOT RECEIVE MORE THAN FEW PERSONS PER VISIT. THE START UP TEST WILL BE RESTRICTED TO FEW SCIENTISTS AND SCIENTIFIC JOURNALISTS. THE TEST WILL BE PUT ONLINE, TO ALLOW EVERYBODY TO SEE IT. FURTHER VISITS WILL BE ALLOWED, BUT IN A LIMITED NUMBER AND RESERVED TO SPECIALISTS AND CUSTOMERS. I AM VERY SORRY TO SAY THAT FOR SAFETY AND SECURITY REASONS IT WILL NOT BE POSSIBLE TO ADMIT ALL THE REQUESTS OF VISIT.
    IN ANY CASE THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF OUR HOUSEHOLD E-CATS TO THE PUBLIC WILL BE MADE SOONER THAN EXPECTED, SINCE THE APPROVALS WILL BE FASTER THAN EXPECTED. VERY IMPORTANT NEWS ON THIS ISSUE ARE CLOSE TO BE MADE.
    WARM REGARDS,
    A.R.

  • Rick Meisinger

    Dear Andrea Rossi;
    I was making a “guess” of Joseph Fine’s suggestion for a possible customer (OOG?) for the E-cat in his previous post.
    Warm Regards
    R.M.

  • Joseph Fine

    Rick Meisinger,

    Google and your last name have something in common.

    Sorry ‘OOG’ was too misleading a clue.

    Joseph

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Rick Meisinger:
    What do you mean?
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Rick Meisinger

    OOG? Office of Oil and Gas?
    R.M.

  • Joseph Fine

    A.R.

    Potential customers for E-Cats and E-Tigers (1+ MW) could ultimately be everyone who uses heat energy and/or electricity. However, one potential customer came to mind in a recent article in the NY Times. Namely, GOOGLE said it uses at least 260 MW of electricity to perform services, run searches, download you-tube videos et cetera.

    Using a conservative 3:1 ratio to convert thermal to electrical energy, that’s almost 800 MW of thermal energy required. GOOGLE might want to be a manufacturer as well as an end-user. They are certainly interested in energy efficiency and environmental issues, not to mention costs. The name “GOOGLE” may even contain the name of another possible customer. ( OOG? )

    This suggestion is just that. I don’t know who your customers are, and apologize if I revealed information inadvertently. Of course, this effort depends on getting the E-CAT to generate electricity. I am hopeful and confident that you will succeed in this adventure as well. Good luck and good skill!

    http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/technology/google-details-electricity-output-of-its-data-centers.html?_r=1

    http://www.ecoinsite.com/2011/09/google-data-centers-consume-260-million-watts.html

    Highest regards,

    Joseph

  • Joseph Fine

    SCNR is either “Sorry, Could Not Resist” or “Super Catalysed Nickel Regards”

    SCNR,

    Joseph Fine

  • Peter Heckert

    Maybe the first thing to expect from politicians is a Nickel-Hydrogen tax, and a law that forbids to burn EURO coins for energy 😉
    SCNR,

    Peter

  • Peter Heckert

    @Simon Knight
    So far I know, german and greek goverments have made an agreement some weeks ago to built the worlds largest solar plant in greece.
    Greek has a lot of sun and can export electricity.
    This coincided in time with the Rossi-Defkalion divorce. Might be they hoped to get political support and money, but could not get it.
    Politicians will not accept the ecat as long as there is no official acknowledged proof and as long as it is not a commercial established reality.
    So, until the 1MW plant is successfully up and running, expect nothing from politicians. If it works then I would expect support from persons like Bill Gates, but not from politicians.

  • I’ve produced a new video highlighting a 2009 Defence Intelligence “Technology Forecast” which eerily predicts LENR / Cold Fusion “Increasing” and “Gaining Acceptance”. It also refers to the transmutation of elements which is exactly what we see with Andrea Rossi’s eCat reactor.

    You can view the video here
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XAR2GbIQ0M&feature=player_embedded

  • Antonello LAI

    Siamo entrati in Settembre. E vai !!

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Ivan Idso:
    Yes.
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Ivan Idso

    Catscanner and Mr. Rossi

    To expand on Catscanners idea, would it not be also beneficial to utilize existing coal plants? They still generate steam, correct?

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