Dr Rossi,
Here are the stats of your publications I found today on http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Total Readings: 140000 ( more than 99% of 1.5 millions of single authors publications on Researchgate )
Recommendations: 10956
Research Interest Score: 2825
Most Readings by Cathegories: Electronic Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Physics
Most Readings by Seniority: Professors, PhD Students, Researchers, Seniors
Most Readings by Geographic Areas: USA, Europe
And counting…
Cheers,
Prof
Gavino Mamia and Gregory Daigle:
The date is correct, the photo has not made public so far. That is the form of the current upon which we are working since the year 2018. Now we are able to turn it into usable forms, which has been the result of 5 years of work. We thought it could be interesting.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
@Karels
In the future there will be no need for a grid. Maybe not even a need for household power grids.
In germany we have to pay 10 ct/kwh plus 19% tax, just for the use of the grid. No, if it is possible then everyone will get rid of the grid.
Maybe in your country it is cheaper, but it is nevertheless a waste of money.
Best regards
B.König
There are questions of whether the US electrical infrastructure can handle complete conversion to electrical power vehicles.
FACTS
The number of housing units in the United States has been growing year-on-year and in 2022, there were approximately 144 million homes.
The average U.S. household consumes about 10,500 kilowatthours (kWh) of electricity per year. This would be an average daily consumption of approximately 30 kWh.
Although Americans drive an average of 14,263 miles per year, insurance companies generally consider driving 10,000 miles a year or less to be low mileage. The daily average (assumes 250 days per year of driving) is 57 miles.
At a driving efficiency of 0.23 kWh/mile, the average daily energy use of an EV is about 13 kWh.
The average EV battery system has a capacity of around 40kWh, but some cars now have up to a 100 kWh capacity.
Home battery storage capacities are pretty varied, but the average home battery capacity is likely going to be somewhere between 10 kWh and 15 kWh.
Can you use your Tesla car battery to power your house?
Yes, you will need a bidirectional EV charger, because ordinary EV chargers cannot power your home or feed electricity back to the grid. Bidirectional chargers function more like inverters than standard EV chargers, meaning they can convert AC to DC while charging, and reverse this when discharging your EV’s battery.
SOLUTION
If every residential home had eCat NGU technology of enough capacity to cover the average electrical energy consumption of 30 kWh per day, which equals about 1.25 kW, and had an off-grid inverter system, this would free up 144 million times 1.25 kW or 180 million kW of electrical power from the existing grid.
While this would meet the average power needs of a residential home, it would not handle peak needs nor the charging energy of one or more Evs being charged daily at the residential home.
Peak electrical power would be required for heating and cooling needs. A supplemental battery system could support the additional power needs during peak times.
The needs for EV charging would require additional eCat NGU capacity of about 0.6 kW of power.
So, assume the eCat NGU residential unit would supply 2 kW. At current cost of $2.50USD per Watt, the NGU would cost about $5,000USD.
A residential battery system might be 10 to 15 kWh in size. Although the residential battery system’s capacity could be reduced or eliminated if Powersahare was implemented to use a portion of the EV battery capacity to provide power to the residential inverter system.
I think that the largest market will be where constant, continuous power is required. Water heaters and heating do not have a constant demand — they go on and off. I suggest that the electrical grid Baseload power generation is the most natural fit for eCat NGU technology. Other natural applications are industrial furnaces, where the need for energy is continuous — 24/7, such as in steel or aluminum plants.
If the eCat NGU supplementation of solar panel can provide constant, maximum power, 24/7, then that is another possible application.
Consequently, I do not believe using eCat NGU technology for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a cost-effective solution. I have posted before that eCat NGU technology might have an EV application for small slow charging systems in dense urban environments, where parking is at a premium, and there are insufficient EV charging stations available.
Thoughts?
Dr Rossi,
You published many papers on Researchgate; to help us to save time, can you suggest the pages that can shortly offer a synthesis of the theory at the base of the Ecat ?
Best,
Louis
There are a number of markets where wireless power sources could make a big impact. EV Autos are a big one – you have already identified this as a significant market. There are many smaller markets where the cost of penetration is small and the technical hurdles to overcome are small as well. Here are my thoughts on potential markets.
Home Security Cameras: 2021 estimated market size of $8.1 Billion to grow to $21 Billion by 2030. Often the cost of installation is large than the cost of the equipment. With WiFi coinnections and a wireless power source, installation becomes inexpensive.
Trail Cameras – related to home security, but more remote: 2021 size of 70 million units, to grow to 84 million by 2027. Since these are in the woods away from power sources, wireless power sources are an ideal add on.
E-bikes: 2022 size of 36 million units with 10^ growth to 77 million units by 2030. Similar to the EV Auto market, but many fewer technical hurdles to over come. E-Scooters are a sub-market.
Cell towers: 2023 estimate of $29 Billion to grow to $110 Billion by 2030. A portion of this, the Telcom power systems market is estimated to be $2.1 Billion in 2021. Though the tower structure cost is significant, the sites also have back up power systems that can be expensive. Use the Ecat-NGU as the primary, inexpensive power source and the grid as a backup.
Outdoor lighting power: The global outdoor lighting market size was valued at $15.34 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.0% from 2023 to 2030. It is easy to put in a lighting pole. Finding a route for the power lines might be harder.
Dear Andrea,
Your recent responses suggest that the industrial project around the Ecat is now at a very advanced stage.
Can we affirm that 2024 will be the year of its definitive consecration?
Or do you think much is yet to come?
Regards, Giuseppe
Dear Dr Rossi,
I think Zacharias Roeden is right, and I appreciate your answer, now few questions:
Q1 are you ready to manufacture 500000 modules per year ?
Q2 did you already organize the necessary agreements with all the out-sources ?
Q3 will the EV you will make the demo with by this year be powered by the Ecat NGU ?
Q4 did you experience attempts of espionage ?
Q5 if the answer to Q4 is yes, which precautions did you set up ?
Q6 are you very close, or did you already close an agreement with a big investor ?
Q7 about your ability to turn into regular orders all the pre-orders you received, in a scale from 0% to 100%, at which level would you settle right now ?
Thank you if you can answer,
Tony
1. Assume small robotically controlled, self-propelled railcars that are aerodynamically shaped and can travel up to 300 mph (about 500 kph).
2. Assume each car has seating for 12 people.
3. The published energy consumption is 0.4 MegaJoules per passenger-mile.
The energy consumption per mile is 4.8 MegaJoules per mile for the 12 person railcar.
At 300 mph, a mile is completed every 12 seconds.
The power requirement for the railcar is about 400 kW.
Additional power would be required to exact Nitrogen from the air and cool it to LN2 to keep the superconducting magnets cool.
In the envisioned system, a single railcar would quickly load up to 12 passengers and depart the station, accelerating until levitation speed was achieved. GPS could be used to monitor each railcar’s location, speed, etc.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
without many demonstration you can’t reach the aim of one million pre-orders.
At your website you show a 3 KW ecat ngu. So why you don’t show all kind of tests with it?
Also your office surely has a coffeemaker, an electric kettle or else.
Why no short videos about some tests?
Best regards
Z. Roeden
What should a demonstration of a NGU-based solar panel supplementation look like?
A suggestion:
1. An outdoor demonstration using actual sunlight and subject to normal conditions (sun angle, clouds, weather effects).
2. Two identical solar panels, mounted in the same manner, facing south (towards the sun).
3. Each solar panel has a power meter. This could be a measure of the DC voltage from the solar panel (preferred), or the output from an off-grid inverter (acceptable), into a resistive load.
4. Each power meter should display voltage, current, power, and total energy.
5. A clock (analog or digital) to show the passage of time.
6. Internet video showing each solar panel’s output.
Another available video showing the two solar panels power performance for one complete day before the installation of the NGU supplementation.
Another video showing how the NGU supplementation was integrated with the solar panel including testing and validation methods employed.
An alternative way of funding the initial NGU manufacturing – leasing
Assume an existing State-owned solar park with the capacity of 200 MW solar production (or more).
Divide the solar park into two conceptual parks, each of 100 MW (or more) each. One will be equipped with NGU units and the other left untouched and used as a basis for comparison.
1. Manufacture 333,334 300W NGU unit for solar panel supplementation – use leasing capitol to pay for the initial manufacturing.
2. Assumption – with a sales price of $2.50USD per Watt, it is reasonable to believe the actual cost to manufacture is $1.25USD per Watt (or less).
3. The cost to manufacture the initial NGU units will be 100 Million times $1.25 USD or $125 million USD (or less).
4. Install the 300W NGU units on each of 333,334 solar panels in the solar park supplementation side.
5. While the NGU unit runs 24/7, it will only add power to the solar panel output when the solar panel is NOT exposed to the maximum sunlight – assume 14 hours per day of less than maximum exposure – nighttime and early and late times of daylight or cloudy days or weather events.
6. Assume a reimbursement (sale) price of $40USD per MW-hr.
7. Number of MW-hrs per day is 1400.
8. Reimbursement per day is $56,000 USD.
9. Annual reimbursement is $20,440,000 USD.
10 Annual Return On Investment (ROI) is 16.35%.
Compute the non-supplemental solar park total energy per solar panel per day and compute the increase in the supplemental solar park total energy produced per day per solar panel as a basis for reimbursement. The two solar parks are assumed to be in the same environment.
This assumes that the installation is trivial and the NGU units are reliable and they operate correctly over the environment.
Reimbursement rates taken from US figures (on the low side).
14 hours per day is likely on the low side, but depends on location (e.g., latitude).
The inverters already exist. They are called solar all-in-one inverters. I like the EG4 6000XP. Each unit accepts 2 phases. Use three such units for 3-phase power. They self-synchronize. They also accommodate generate input, and storage batteries (possibly needed for motor transients) and communications to a cell phone to a status and control app. Instead of using solar PV inputs, use NGU units, serially connected to be in the proper voltage level. Each unit can handle 6kW, so, three units would accommodate 18 kW. Each 6000XP costs about $1,500 USD. You can look on YouTube for reviews, etc. They can also be used in off-Grid applications. Higher output units also exist, i.e., 18 kW. They can handle both US and EU power.
Using existing, certified equipment is generally less expensive, and more likely to be accepted by local electrical inspectors when approving a new installation. If AR did such a demonstration using two 3kW NGU units per inverter, I believe that would be a significant selling point.
Giulia:
For singular modules up to 100 W yes, for assemblies no. Leonardo Corporation will be able to sell them as an optional, but the Clients can also buy them independently depending on their specific situations,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
In the meantime, I’m no longer really convinced by the idea that the large orders should come from the automotive industry, because car companies certainly demand proof of a low MTBF in mass production and of course you can’t prove that before mass use. So the automotive industry won’t be a starter.
I would find universal generators much more promising:
4 kW peak load, small capacitor for high starting currents, inverter to national voltage (240 Vac in EU), mains socket for consumers, data connection to synchronize three such devices to three-phase current with 12 kW (with cable adapter three-phase socket and three mains cables) and connection option to domestic grid with battery and photovoltaics.
This would be a completely universal device that could also be used as a charging station for cars or as a power supply on construction sites.
Think about whether this would be worth a second strategy. I would order three such devices for three-phase current and house connection.
In India along, there are at least five major solar parks with a combined total power capacity of 7.17 GW of electrical power generation.
Assume that you were to add eCat technology in parallel with individual solar panels and the NGU units were running at 75% of the maximum solar panel output, so as to reflect lower nighttime demand. If fully implemented, the added eCat technology would provide about 5.3 GW of electrical power generation.
This might be implemented with three 100W NGU units, tied in series, to produce 36 VDC at 300W running in parallel to the solar panel’s output. The solar panel would produce a higher voltage at peak illumination but a lower voltage at low levels of solar illumination. The panel’s inverter, regardless of whether it was a microinverter, or if the solar panel was part of a string of panels going to a string inverter, the inverter would see continuous power from either the solar panel or the NGU units, whichever had the higher voltage.
If you started with one of the smaller solar parks, say the Rewa Ultra Mega solar park, which has a power generation capacity of 0.75 GW, you could demonstrate an NGU capacity of 0.56 GW. This 560 MW NGU addition would include more than enough units to meet your requirement for 100 MW to go into full scale production.
And there are other countries with large solar parks.
I would assume you would develop a unit that produces 300W at 36VDC and that it would mount beneath the solar panel. It would accept power from the solar panel. The unit would output the highest voltage, providing power that goes to the existing infrastructure inverter. Of course, the unit would need to be weatherproof, etc.
Dr Rossi,
Here are the stats of your publications I found today on
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Total Readings: 140000 ( more than 99% of 1.5 millions of single authors publications on Researchgate )
Recommendations: 10956
Research Interest Score: 2825
Most Readings by Cathegories: Electronic Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Physics
Most Readings by Seniority: Professors, PhD Students, Researchers, Seniors
Most Readings by Geographic Areas: USA, Europe
And counting…
Cheers,
Prof
Gavino Mamia and Gregory Daigle:
The date is correct, the photo has not made public so far. That is the form of the current upon which we are working since the year 2018. Now we are able to turn it into usable forms, which has been the result of 5 years of work. We thought it could be interesting.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dott. Rossi
a photo was posted on Twitter showing the current inside the ecat, but the instrument shows the date September 2018
is a mistake?
@Karels
In the future there will be no need for a grid. Maybe not even a need for household power grids.
In germany we have to pay 10 ct/kwh plus 19% tax, just for the use of the grid. No, if it is possible then everyone will get rid of the grid.
Maybe in your country it is cheaper, but it is nevertheless a waste of money.
Best regards
B.König
Louis Chevalier:
Please go to
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
and read the paragraphs 5, 6, 7
Warm Regards,
A.R.
There are questions of whether the US electrical infrastructure can handle complete conversion to electrical power vehicles.
FACTS
The number of housing units in the United States has been growing year-on-year and in 2022, there were approximately 144 million homes.
The average U.S. household consumes about 10,500 kilowatthours (kWh) of electricity per year. This would be an average daily consumption of approximately 30 kWh.
Although Americans drive an average of 14,263 miles per year, insurance companies generally consider driving 10,000 miles a year or less to be low mileage. The daily average (assumes 250 days per year of driving) is 57 miles.
At a driving efficiency of 0.23 kWh/mile, the average daily energy use of an EV is about 13 kWh.
The average EV battery system has a capacity of around 40kWh, but some cars now have up to a 100 kWh capacity.
Home battery storage capacities are pretty varied, but the average home battery capacity is likely going to be somewhere between 10 kWh and 15 kWh.
Can you use your Tesla car battery to power your house?
Yes, you will need a bidirectional EV charger, because ordinary EV chargers cannot power your home or feed electricity back to the grid. Bidirectional chargers function more like inverters than standard EV chargers, meaning they can convert AC to DC while charging, and reverse this when discharging your EV’s battery.
SOLUTION
If every residential home had eCat NGU technology of enough capacity to cover the average electrical energy consumption of 30 kWh per day, which equals about 1.25 kW, and had an off-grid inverter system, this would free up 144 million times 1.25 kW or 180 million kW of electrical power from the existing grid.
While this would meet the average power needs of a residential home, it would not handle peak needs nor the charging energy of one or more Evs being charged daily at the residential home.
Peak electrical power would be required for heating and cooling needs. A supplemental battery system could support the additional power needs during peak times.
The needs for EV charging would require additional eCat NGU capacity of about 0.6 kW of power.
So, assume the eCat NGU residential unit would supply 2 kW. At current cost of $2.50USD per Watt, the NGU would cost about $5,000USD.
A residential battery system might be 10 to 15 kWh in size. Although the residential battery system’s capacity could be reduced or eliminated if Powersahare was implemented to use a portion of the EV battery capacity to provide power to the residential inverter system.
Thoughts?
Ben König,
I think that the largest market will be where constant, continuous power is required. Water heaters and heating do not have a constant demand — they go on and off. I suggest that the electrical grid Baseload power generation is the most natural fit for eCat NGU technology. Other natural applications are industrial furnaces, where the need for energy is continuous — 24/7, such as in steel or aluminum plants.
If the eCat NGU supplementation of solar panel can provide constant, maximum power, 24/7, then that is another possible application.
Consequently, I do not believe using eCat NGU technology for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a cost-effective solution. I have posted before that eCat NGU technology might have an EV application for small slow charging systems in dense urban environments, where parking is at a premium, and there are insufficient EV charging stations available.
Thoughts?
Dr Rossi,
You published many papers on Researchgate; to help us to save time, can you suggest the pages that can shortly offer a synthesis of the theory at the base of the Ecat ?
Best,
Louis
@kaminski
The biggest market for Leonardo will be heating and hot water heater, by far.
B.König
Tom Kaminski:
Thank you for your insight,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
There are a number of markets where wireless power sources could make a big impact. EV Autos are a big one – you have already identified this as a significant market. There are many smaller markets where the cost of penetration is small and the technical hurdles to overcome are small as well. Here are my thoughts on potential markets.
Home Security Cameras: 2021 estimated market size of $8.1 Billion to grow to $21 Billion by 2030. Often the cost of installation is large than the cost of the equipment. With WiFi coinnections and a wireless power source, installation becomes inexpensive.
Trail Cameras – related to home security, but more remote: 2021 size of 70 million units, to grow to 84 million by 2027. Since these are in the woods away from power sources, wireless power sources are an ideal add on.
E-bikes: 2022 size of 36 million units with 10^ growth to 77 million units by 2030. Similar to the EV Auto market, but many fewer technical hurdles to over come. E-Scooters are a sub-market.
Cell towers: 2023 estimate of $29 Billion to grow to $110 Billion by 2030. A portion of this, the Telcom power systems market is estimated to be $2.1 Billion in 2021. Though the tower structure cost is significant, the sites also have back up power systems that can be expensive. Use the Ecat-NGU as the primary, inexpensive power source and the grid as a backup.
Outdoor lighting power: The global outdoor lighting market size was valued at $15.34 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.0% from 2023 to 2030. It is easy to put in a lighting pole. Finding a route for the power lines might be harder.
Giuseppe Censorio:
I am optimist about this. We are very advanced.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Your recent responses suggest that the industrial project around the Ecat is now at a very advanced stage.
Can we affirm that 2024 will be the year of its definitive consecration?
Or do you think much is yet to come?
Regards, Giuseppe
Tony:
A1 yes
A2 yes
A3 yes
A4 yes
A5 confidential
A6 yes
A7 90%+
Warm Regards
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Anonimous:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
I am curious to read your answers to the questions of Tony.
Besides, I have another question: is the Ecat NGU able to recharge batteries ?
Dear Dr Rossi,
I think Zacharias Roeden is right, and I appreciate your answer, now few questions:
Q1 are you ready to manufacture 500000 modules per year ?
Q2 did you already organize the necessary agreements with all the out-sources ?
Q3 will the EV you will make the demo with by this year be powered by the Ecat NGU ?
Q4 did you experience attempts of espionage ?
Q5 if the answer to Q4 is yes, which precautions did you set up ?
Q6 are you very close, or did you already close an agreement with a big investor ?
Q7 about your ability to turn into regular orders all the pre-orders you received, in a scale from 0% to 100%, at which level would you settle right now ?
Thank you if you can answer,
Tony
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Yet another eCat application
magnetic levitation trains
1. Assume small robotically controlled, self-propelled railcars that are aerodynamically shaped and can travel up to 300 mph (about 500 kph).
2. Assume each car has seating for 12 people.
3. The published energy consumption is 0.4 MegaJoules per passenger-mile.
The energy consumption per mile is 4.8 MegaJoules per mile for the 12 person railcar.
At 300 mph, a mile is completed every 12 seconds.
The power requirement for the railcar is about 400 kW.
Additional power would be required to exact Nitrogen from the air and cool it to LN2 to keep the superconducting magnets cool.
In the envisioned system, a single railcar would quickly load up to 12 passengers and depart the station, accelerating until levitation speed was achieved. GPS could be used to monitor each railcar’s location, speed, etc.
Thoughts?
Z.Roeden:
We are preparing what you are asking for.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
without many demonstration you can’t reach the aim of one million pre-orders.
At your website you show a 3 KW ecat ngu. So why you don’t show all kind of tests with it?
Also your office surely has a coffeemaker, an electric kettle or else.
Why no short videos about some tests?
Best regards
Z. Roeden
Jan Holt:
It depends on the specific situations,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
What should a demonstration of a NGU-based solar panel supplementation look like?
A suggestion:
1. An outdoor demonstration using actual sunlight and subject to normal conditions (sun angle, clouds, weather effects).
2. Two identical solar panels, mounted in the same manner, facing south (towards the sun).
3. Each solar panel has a power meter. This could be a measure of the DC voltage from the solar panel (preferred), or the output from an off-grid inverter (acceptable), into a resistive load.
4. Each power meter should display voltage, current, power, and total energy.
5. A clock (analog or digital) to show the passage of time.
6. Internet video showing each solar panel’s output.
Another available video showing the two solar panels power performance for one complete day before the installation of the NGU supplementation.
Another video showing how the NGU supplementation was integrated with the solar panel including testing and validation methods employed.
Thoughts?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
which E-CAT model is or will be suitable for being combined with photovoltaic panels?
10 Watt model?
100 Watt model?
Some new model?
Best Regards
Jan Holt
Steven Nicholes Karels,
Thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
An alternative way of funding the initial NGU manufacturing – leasing
Assume an existing State-owned solar park with the capacity of 200 MW solar production (or more).
Divide the solar park into two conceptual parks, each of 100 MW (or more) each. One will be equipped with NGU units and the other left untouched and used as a basis for comparison.
1. Manufacture 333,334 300W NGU unit for solar panel supplementation – use leasing capitol to pay for the initial manufacturing.
2. Assumption – with a sales price of $2.50USD per Watt, it is reasonable to believe the actual cost to manufacture is $1.25USD per Watt (or less).
3. The cost to manufacture the initial NGU units will be 100 Million times $1.25 USD or $125 million USD (or less).
4. Install the 300W NGU units on each of 333,334 solar panels in the solar park supplementation side.
5. While the NGU unit runs 24/7, it will only add power to the solar panel output when the solar panel is NOT exposed to the maximum sunlight – assume 14 hours per day of less than maximum exposure – nighttime and early and late times of daylight or cloudy days or weather events.
6. Assume a reimbursement (sale) price of $40USD per MW-hr.
7. Number of MW-hrs per day is 1400.
8. Reimbursement per day is $56,000 USD.
9. Annual reimbursement is $20,440,000 USD.
10 Annual Return On Investment (ROI) is 16.35%.
Compute the non-supplemental solar park total energy per solar panel per day and compute the increase in the supplemental solar park total energy produced per day per solar panel as a basis for reimbursement. The two solar parks are assumed to be in the same environment.
This assumes that the installation is trivial and the NGU units are reliable and they operate correctly over the environment.
Reimbursement rates taken from US figures (on the low side).
14 hours per day is likely on the low side, but depends on location (e.g., latitude).
Thoughts?
Wilfried,
The inverters already exist. They are called solar all-in-one inverters. I like the EG4 6000XP. Each unit accepts 2 phases. Use three such units for 3-phase power. They self-synchronize. They also accommodate generate input, and storage batteries (possibly needed for motor transients) and communications to a cell phone to a status and control app. Instead of using solar PV inputs, use NGU units, serially connected to be in the proper voltage level. Each unit can handle 6kW, so, three units would accommodate 18 kW. Each 6000XP costs about $1,500 USD. You can look on YouTube for reviews, etc. They can also be used in off-Grid applications. Higher output units also exist, i.e., 18 kW. They can handle both US and EU power.
Using existing, certified equipment is generally less expensive, and more likely to be accepted by local electrical inspectors when approving a new installation. If AR did such a demonstration using two 3kW NGU units per inverter, I believe that would be a significant selling point.
Giulia:
For singular modules up to 100 W yes, for assemblies no. Leonardo Corporation will be able to sell them as an optional, but the Clients can also buy them independently depending on their specific situations,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels,
Thank you for the suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Wilfried:
Thank you for your insight,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
In the meantime, I’m no longer really convinced by the idea that the large orders should come from the automotive industry, because car companies certainly demand proof of a low MTBF in mass production and of course you can’t prove that before mass use. So the automotive industry won’t be a starter.
I would find universal generators much more promising:
4 kW peak load, small capacitor for high starting currents, inverter to national voltage (240 Vac in EU), mains socket for consumers, data connection to synchronize three such devices to three-phase current with 12 kW (with cable adapter three-phase socket and three mains cables) and connection option to domestic grid with battery and photovoltaics.
This would be a completely universal device that could also be used as a charging station for cars or as a power supply on construction sites.
Think about whether this would be worth a second strategy. I would order three such devices for three-phase current and house connection.
Best Regards
Wilfried
Dear Andrea Rossi,
In India along, there are at least five major solar parks with a combined total power capacity of 7.17 GW of electrical power generation.
Assume that you were to add eCat technology in parallel with individual solar panels and the NGU units were running at 75% of the maximum solar panel output, so as to reflect lower nighttime demand. If fully implemented, the added eCat technology would provide about 5.3 GW of electrical power generation.
This might be implemented with three 100W NGU units, tied in series, to produce 36 VDC at 300W running in parallel to the solar panel’s output. The solar panel would produce a higher voltage at peak illumination but a lower voltage at low levels of solar illumination. The panel’s inverter, regardless of whether it was a microinverter, or if the solar panel was part of a string of panels going to a string inverter, the inverter would see continuous power from either the solar panel or the NGU units, whichever had the higher voltage.
If you started with one of the smaller solar parks, say the Rewa Ultra Mega solar park, which has a power generation capacity of 0.75 GW, you could demonstrate an NGU capacity of 0.56 GW. This 560 MW NGU addition would include more than enough units to meet your requirement for 100 MW to go into full scale production.
And there are other countries with large solar parks.
I would assume you would develop a unit that produces 300W at 36VDC and that it would mount beneath the solar panel. It would accept power from the solar panel. The unit would output the highest voltage, providing power that goes to the existing infrastructure inverter. Of course, the unit would need to be weatherproof, etc.
Thoughts?