United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

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40,372 comments to United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    At one time, the physical dimensions on the SKLep 100W unit was 2.8″ x 2.8″ x 3.6″. Are those dimensions still correct or have they gotten smaller?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Wilfried,
    Thank you for your suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Pekka Janhunen:
    How we connect the Ecat with the EV’s battery is a restricted information,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Andrea,
    Is this how your approach: install Ecat in parallel with the battery, so that the Ecat assists the battery without the battery noticing it?
    regards, /pekka

  • Frank

    Dear LarryG,
    i doubt about your suggestions. To reach the one million pre-orders you need short examples of how people can save money.
    This could be an 1 or 2 KW ecat ssm with an outlet of 230V/110V and an electric panel heater.
    It is a simple illustration to use the ecat, no professional knowledge is needed, everyone can do it. AND everyone knows about the high costs of heating with oil, gas, electric power and the labourious of heating with wood stoves. And above all: This demonstration video would be short.
    Best regards
    Frank S.

  • Jan Šrajer

    To DrLG
    Your recommendations are general, certainly good, but business needs to target precisely and sharply. So that the fish is caught on the first try. Otherwise, unwanted losses and chaos arise. The automotive industry today is like a pilgrim thirsty in the desert.
    Warm Regards J.Š

  • Wilfried

    Dear Andrea,

    Please forgive me for interfering again, but I wanted to bring up something that could help us reach the one million pre-orders as quickly as possible. I suggest you get in touch with the company https://www.watergen.com/. They manufacture generators that produce drinking water from the air. If these devices can run maintenance-free and independently of external energy sources for 10 years with the E-CAT, it would be the ultimate killer application. If you can personally convince Watergen of the benefits of the E-CAT, I believe that this company alone could fulfill the remaining pre-orders. Even in parts of Europe, there is already a shortage of drinking water, and the global demand for drinking water is virtually endless.

    Best regards,
    Wilfried

  • DrLG

    Dear ECAT readers
    I have been musing about what might be the absolute best short term application for the SSM ECAT to bump us over the preorder target. Forget the longer-term jazzy applications like EVs or power to the grid…they will be years to really take off. IMO they will remain in proof of concept stage for quite some time.
    My thinking is that this “golden” application would have the following characteristics to make the switch to ECAT a clear, quick choice.
    1) Low but continuous power consumption so one or only a couple of ECATS are needed.
    2) 24/7 operation.
    3) Remotely located so difficult to wire power to.
    4) Replace something that has more than $25USD material (batteries, voltage control circuitry or whatever) and lifetime power consumption cost..
    5) Millions of units sold per year.
    6) “Easy” to convert from current power source to an ECAT.
    Security cameras seem to fit this list extremely well. Sales are over 50 million units per year per Forbes Home Security Cameras Market To Surpass $9.7 Billion By 2023 (forbes.com)
    EG the ARLO cameras. A dedicated design team could switch from battery to ECAT in a matter of months. One ECAT would do the trick, any power available after the control circuits and WiFi could go to run the LEDs for illumination at night.
    Dr. Rossi, your team could contact the major players in this market directly and pitch the ECAT to them.
    Anyone have other suggestions for short term home runs?

    Sincerely
    LarryG

  • Andrea Rossi

    Sam:
    Thank you for the link,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Sam

    Hello DR Rossi
    The incredible Nikola
    Tesla.
    https://youtu.be/Ask80oimzP4

    Regards
    Sam

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Ulrich Kranz

    An analysis of the hybrid electric cars

    Battery capacity of 9 – 14 kW-hrs with a range of 80 km.
    Implies an energy efficiency of around 100 to 200 W-hrs / km.

    With the small range implies city dwelling usage (80 km range)

    Assumption: Average speed of 50 kph (around 30 mph).

    For continuous operation one would need 5 to 10 kW of power generation.

    For once a day operation (of 80 km or less), probably an SKLep SSM sized at between 300 and 700 Watts would be sufficient. But if once a day, just plug it in to the grid power. This might have an application where you charge at home, but your workplace is over 40 km from home and there is no charging available at the work site.

  • Dear Steven Nicholes Karels,

    Thank you. Here are some quick replies:

    1) Drive so long that there is no doubt.

    2) Dump the regenerated power to a resistor. Choose a track without much bends so that braking is not needed very often. If overheating of the resistor becomes an issue in intense braking, then brake sparingly to avoid the problem. Alternatively, remove the regenerative brake system and rely on the frictional brakes, if the EV has them as a backup.

    3) Accept that acceleration is not high. Accelerating from rest is needed only when changing the driver.

    Of course, I was only talking about the test, aiming at maximum simplicity. In production EVs a buffer battery would probably be used.

    Best regards, /pekka

  • DrLG

    Steven Nicholes Karels,
    your suggestions of running EV tests at high speed are spot on.

    Wikipedia re Tesla model S says energy consumption almost tripples from 70 mph to 100 mph. Quick search of the range for cars as calculated by EPA has max speeds of about 70mph, average speed much less, so 100mph test will give the EV about 3X less miles. So 390 miles range at an average speed much less than seventy will give an hour or so at 100 mph.
    Not sure if the Wikipedia numbers are truly valid…found article Tesla Model 3 actual tested range is 280 miles at constant speed of 70mph.

    But for sure range will drop a huge amount at speeds above 100MPH. Range could drop so low that the standard EV could run out of battery power in an hour.

    But to get the SSM EV up to speeds of 100mph would require a lot of moduels too, so might not be able to get the SSM EV to run at 100mph.

    Regards
    LarryG

  • Wilfried

    Dear Andrea,

    I ask you to come to the market with the E-Cat before many billions of euros are spent on nonsense in Germany and the EU. The centralist capital power is demanding the promotion of two fusion power plants by 2045! You can read the website in English with Google Chrome.
    https://www.heise.de/news/Kernfusion-CDU-und-CSU-fordern-Bau-von-zwei-Fusionskraftwerken-9064144.html

    Kind regards
    Wilfried

  • Andrea Rossi

    Ulrich Kranz:
    Thank you for your suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Pekka Janhunen,

    You made an excellent point and concept. The issues I see with your approach are the following:

    1. If you replace the entire battery section of the EV, then how will you know when the equivalent battery driving range has been reached and then exceeded by the SKLep SSM equipment? I.e, how far do you need to drive to demonstrate? (That AR hasn’t replaced the EV battery with a “Super Battery” but not powered by SKLep SSM technology).

    2. Most EV cars use regenerative braking. This energy must be stored some place, typically the EV battery. Will you loose regenerative braking?

    3. The EV must initially accelerate to reach driving speed. The SKLep SSM components would need to be sized to support the initial power demand.

  • Ulrich Kranz

    Dear Andrea,

    Plug-in hybrid electric cars

    An interim solution could be very interesting for many car owners.
    Many have a plug-in hybrid with a 9-14 kWh battery.
    These vehicles have a range of up to 80 km.
    If there are enough E-Cat SKLep SSM, one could offer a retrofit for these cars. The range can be increased significantly, and often you can do without the operation of the petrol engine.

    With warm regards

    Ulrich

  • Andrea Rossi

    Pekka Janhunen:
    Thank you for your opinion,
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Andrea,

    The EV battery is normally possible to be replaced. One approach may be that you replace the battery completely by an E-cat assembly that implements the same electric interface towards the vehicle than the battery.

    To make things simpler, you probably don’t need to add a buffer battery in the test. Because in the test you can drive at constant speed.

    Not having any batteries in the test vehicle would promote simplicity and your guys’ safety, I would think.

    Caveat: I don’t have any firsthand knowledge of EVs; these are just my thoughts, reached using logic, not experience.

    Best regards, /pekka

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jitse:
    That’s what we are working for,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    albo70:
    We experienced many up and downs of pre-orders received and eventually cancelled, so we prefer not to answer this question until we reach the target,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jan Srajer:
    Actually the issue is more complex, anyway we are resolving problems,
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,

    1) I drive a hybrid car that I can easily charge via a ‘type 2’ inverter (220Volt AC) to 2.5 kWh approx. 300 Volt DC Charging time approx. 3 hours.

    2) I currently drive about 11000 km per year, approx. 90 % ev use and 10% hybrid with Gasoline. to charge this car i use a regular inverter of about € 150.-

    3) and as soon as i receive the EcatSKLep sms orders i can charge the car without technical adjustments

    4) at the same time provide my house with approx. 20000 kWh per year (grid supply and or DC heating cooking etc).

    With regards Jitse

  • Jan Šrajer

    Mr.Rossi
    I’m glad to hear that adding E-catSKLep to an electric car is being thoroughly investigated. The main thing is that the E-catSKLep is completely autonomous and that its energy “only” maintains the constant voltage of the accumulators via some control element.

    Warm Regards J.Š

  • albo70

    Dear Andrea,

    after 70 days of streaming can you give an indication of the number of orders reached?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Daniel G. Zavela:
    I agree,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    Thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Guido:
    There is synergy, not competition between the market fields,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jeff Smathers,
    Thank you foryour suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Jeff Smathers

    Andrea,
    A boat with a simple electric trolling motor with no advanced electronic interfaces would be a good platform. The higher drag of the water normally exhausts a deep cycle marine battery in less than a day..
    An open frame boat cannot hide objects and would be a open platform for inspection.
    The boat could be placed in a large pond and setup with a non metal cable attached to a central pylon to allow the boat to do endless circles in the pond…
    The advantages of no human operators or complicated electronics interfacing would also be a plus.

    Jeff Smathers, Molalla OR

  • Guido

    Caro Sig. Rossi
    There are so many post about EV, I wonder where the real focus on the ecat is.
    1) Is there the goal to bring one product by the other to the market (lets say ecat for housing, then ecat for cars)?
    2) Since there is a live stream of the ecat ongoing, I assume that this product has to be first. Am I right?
    3) The live streamed product is obviously working. For me, it seams from a technical point, you could it deliver now. Is the target of preorders the only obstacle?
    Thank you.
    Guido

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    In terms of integration pf SKLep SSM technology with an EV — I would suggest using the organic components already present on the EV. For example, the EV would almost certainly have a DC-to-DC converter in the range of 125 to 250 kW to convert charging power to a form compatible with charging the EV’s battery system. The EV would need to use this device for normal EV charging. To paraphrase Elon Musk, the best change to the EV is no change at all.

    If possible, use the regenerative braking energy components that are part of the EV. There is no need to take advantage of energy produced by regenerative braking as you will have more than enough energy from the SKLep SSM system. But the regenerative power handling components that already are a part of the EV will likely be very useful. This is a way of passing electrical energy into the battery system in an acceptable manner during active operation (Charging while the EV is operating). If running at a constant speed, the EV mechanical braking system will not be over stressed.

    Overcharging the EV battery system can be problematic. Trying to build a smart controller to maintain battery charge level will be difficult as it is a function of many factors (usage, cell charge level, temperature, etc.) Since this is only a demonstration, why not control it manually, as you will have a driver present in the EV during the demonstration? A simple procedure could be implemented. Start charging when the EV battery level is below 20%. Stop charging when the EV battery level is at 80%.

    Likewise, choosing a track and test regime must be considered. As you are attempting to show a high-level electrical output, you would want a high energy level test EV. A full-size EV should be used. Likewise, you want to make the test of a sufficiently short duration so viewer interest is not lost. This would suggest a very high-speed EV test scenario where the normal EV battery would be exhausted in a short period of time. Say an hour of EV-only operating time versus four hours of continuous EV + SKLep SSM operating time. A time period where stopping to change drivers is not a normal requirement.

    And I would suggest that the EV be operated at a constant speed with minimal maneuvering to avoid any accidents or which would tend to wear-out the EV components, like the brakes or tires. You are only demonstrating the SKLep SSM technology benefit and not trying to win a race, as in Le Mans. High speed will catch the attention of the public.

    Perhaps simultaneously run two same model EVs – one normal and the other equipped with SKLep SSM technology. The normal one would run out of energy while the equipped version would go on and on. Same track, same speed, same time, same weather conditions. Have the SKLep SSM equipped EV be the lead unit, with the normal EV trailing some distance behind it – no aerodynamic advantage for the SKLep SSM equipped EV.

    Thoughts?

  • Dear Dr. Rossi:

    Has your EV Team calculated the percent reduction effectively possible in the size of the automobile battery pack when the E-Cat is linked for continuous charging?

    There would be a twofold benefit.
    1. The battery pack would be less expensive.

    2. Depending upon the size of the E-Cat assembly, it might be possible to retro-fit existing gas/diesel pickup trucks by dropping out the engine and installing the battery pack and E-Cat assembly under the front hood in the former engine compartment.

    Looking forward to having my E-Cat orders filled.

    Best Regards,

    Daniel G. Zavela

  • Andrea Rossi

    Gerard McEk:
    The challanges are relevant, because we have to interface the Ecat system with the proprietary system of the EV, that is designed to exclude any alternative. Obviously I cannot enter the particulars, but the connection between the intelligence of the car electronics with the ones of the Ecat is quite complex. Anyway, we are a great Team and overcoming the difficulties.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Gerard McEk

    Dear Andrea,
    Can you tell us what the challenges are when putting the Ecat into an electric car?
    Thanks if you can answer.
    Kind regards, Gerard

  • Andrea Rossi

    Sam:
    Thank you for your links,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Sam

    A Thought Experiment using
    AI to build a ZPE Device.

    https://youtu.be/WMgT52kFKzA

  • Sam

    Hello DR Rossi

    A presentation on the history
    Of ZPE.

    https://youtu.be/1X7WAQiXRE8

    Regards
    Sam

  • Andrea Rossi

    WaltC:
    Thank you for the suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Klas:
    Thank you for this important information and the links,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Joe:
    true,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Joe

    Dr Rossi,
    more than two months of live streaming 24/7 of the lamp turned on without any power source…and counting !
    Cheers
    Joe

  • Klas

    Dear Andrea,

    When a scientific pod recently was discussing the growing freshwater disaster in South Europe (and the rest of the planet)
    the question: How much water is needed to make 1 kWh of electricity? was directly brought to the top of my mind.

    Some googling then led me to informative related articles:
    https://spectrum.ieee.org/how-much-water-does-it-take-to-make-electricity
    https://www.publicpower.org/periodical/article/how-much-water-our-electricity-uses
    https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/plugged-in/making-electricity-consumes-a-lot-of-water-whats-the-best-way-to-fix-that/
    https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/33905.pdf

    From the last report above, you can learn that even hydro-power is wasting a lot of fresh water in a way (evaporation) I did not think about before.
    Actually, I did not earlier notice in the energy debate specifically the issue of freshwater consumption
    but from the pod, it was clear that e.g. in France now the negative impact of nuclear plants on freshwater supply is a growing issue.
    Perhaps it is now a good time to start to communicate also the importance of (lack of)freshwater consumption as a parameter of E-Cat sustainability?
    Not yet calculating the “grey freshwater use” in the mining and factory processes, it seems that only Solar power(from panels), Sea hydropower, and E-Cat power look like real sustainable options for future electricity production.

    Obviously, only two of them are directly converting “unlimited sustainable energy from nature”, and only one (hopefully) could also work mobile 24/7.

    Best regards
    Klas

  • WaltC

    Dr. Rossi,
    Assuming the EV you’re working with has ferromagnetic door panels, you might want to, in advance, design and order custom made Magnetic Vehicle Signs that say something short and catchy, like “Vehicle powered by ecat.com”. That way when you’re testing it about town, you’ll also be spreading the word. 😉

    Hope it’s soon too! Best Wishes,
    WaltC

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    Sorry, these data will be shown during the test,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    Can you describe the parameters of a EV test demonstrating SKLep SSM technology?

    1. Speed regime of the EV?
    2. Test duration (hours)?
    3. Location — test track, or highway test?

  • Jan Šrajer

    To Quinto
    Thank you for the link to the interesting theoretical work of Giorgio Vassallo and Andras Kovacs. I am a layman and an electrician, however I have come to understand that the quark model does not adequately explain the behavior of the proton. Vassallo and Kovács’ proton model could change the view of quantum physics. I was most interested in the view of the proton zitterbewegung as the equivalent of an electron, including spin. Perhaps it opens the way to a better understanding of the matter-energy relationship.
    Warm Regards J.Š

  • Prof

    @Quinto,
    Thank you for the excellent links about the Occam’s Razor applied to the study of protons,
    All hte best,
    Prof

  • Andrea Rossi

    Quinto:
    Thank you for these important links,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Quinto

    Dear Readers of the JoNP,
    This is a very important paper, connected with the concept of the ZPE, related to the proton structure proton structure , published on
    Journal of Physics:

    https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/2482/1/012020
    and on Researchgate:

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370848758_The_Proton_and_Occam's_Razor
    Quinto

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