Dima Redko:
We are talking of spaceships able to host humans for hundreds of thousands of years, not of satellites. But even if we accept, by absurd, your calculation, you still need 90 000 years for a round trip. You sure it makes sense, even in the absurd assumption that to speed up a satellite carrier is the same as to launch and trip up a spaceship as big and heavy as a cruise ship ? I hope you all are joking, as I am; do you understand that if the trip to go lasts even ONLY 10,000 years the humans that will arrive a to destination will be generations aging ten thousand years after the generations that participated to the take off ? Like to say that the humans that populated the Earth 10 thousand years ago are the ones who started and the humans of today are the ones that arrive ? And consider that 10 000 years means 4 times faster than you are saying. Obviously we all are joking ( I hope ).
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
About the calculations you made about the spaceship’s velocity you wrote “1 km/s, being very optimist”. But 1km/s is not even enough to reach 1st spcace velocity necessary to launch a satelite to the Earth’s orbit. To leave the Solar system spaceship must reach the 3rd space velocity, being 16,6 km/s relative to Earth and 46,9 km/s relative to the Sun. And these speeds are practically reachable nowadays even with what unadvanced technology humanity posesses at the moment
Dear Hank Mills,
Remember, though, that the E-sail cannot reach a higher speed than the solar wind speed, which is roughly 800 km/s (about half that in the ecliptic plane). With that speed, triptime to 4.25 light year distance would be 1600 years. In practice at least 2000-3000 years because the theoretical upper limit cannot be reached.
One idea that has been proposed is to travel, with the E-sail, to Sun’s gravitational focal line (>=550 au) and then use the entire Sun as a “lens” for looking at an opposing exoplanet or other interesting astronomical target with very high angular resolution. For example with 200 km/s speed, triptime to 550 au is 14 years.
regards, /pekka
Patrick Ellul:
1- You are right, I was wrong: the exoplanet is “only” 4.5 lightyears away, but the substance of the comment does not change: if to reach the exoplanet takes 4.5 years at the speed of light in the vacuum ( circa 300 000 km/s ), at a speed technologically sustainable by a spaceship ( 1 km/s, being very optimist) it takes 300 000 x 4.4 = 1 350 000 years: 2 700 000 years for the round trip . Have a nice trip ( lot of miles for a frequent flyer, though! ).
2- True
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
1) Proxima Centauri is actually “just” 4.5 lightyears away.
2) Power is also used to rate the maximum of energy that an apparatus can consume.
Regards,
Patrick
Thank you for your answers. However, the new exoplanet discovered is orbiting Proxima Centauri which is only 4.25 light years away. If humanity will ever send a probe to an exoplanet, this is the closest possible candidate there will ever be. And with an electrostatic sail powered by an E-Cat, a probe could theoretically create its own electric field and use the solar wind to accelerate it over multiple revolutions around our sun until a fraction of light speed is achieved. The probe might take decades to arrive at Proxima, but it is not impossible.
Claud:
You made a point worth to be considered, with rigorous mathematical calculations and consolidated medical statistics that calculate the probability of an increase of diseases surely related to the pollution from fossil fuels. Let me say, though, that there are BACTs ( best available control technologies) that can resolve many problems. I wrote a book about this in 1976 ( L’Incenerimento dei rifiuti e la depurazione dei fumi- Ed Tecniche Nuove, Milano 1976) and if at those times it was already true, today it is much better. My personal opinion is that, for example, many coal plants could be saved if properly retrofitted. About CO2, Exxon, among others, is making a very advanced and promising R&D.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hank Mills:
1- Must make a distinction between Carnot cycle and direct production: respectively 35% and 20%
2- I do not know
3- I prefer to reserve this information so far.
4- Yes
5- Not yet defined
6- (Thank you, you reminded me to write urgently to Prof Cook). I can’t answer yet.
7- That exo-planet is millions lightyears distant from the Earth and, unfortunately, the relativistic ” warmholes” are science fiction trivialities. This means that a spaceship at the speed of light would need millions of years to reach the exoplanet. Challenge: calculate how many years at sustainable speed. Just forget it.
8- Could be.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jeff:
No, power is not energy, potential or actual as it might be. Power is a rating that indicates the maximum of energy that an apparatus can generate. For example, when you say that an engine has a power of 100 kW, this means that engine is rated to generate a maximum of 100 kWh/h of energy.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
1) In experimental testing, what is the maximum percentage of electrical output (compared to the total energy output) that you have measured? Has this remained at 20% or increased?
2) Extrapolating from the experimental results obtained so far, how long do you think a Quark can continue producing a near constant level of output before a significant drop off?
3) From current experimental data — non-final — what is the power density in terms of volume of the Quark considering all necessary components for electrical production? For example, 10 watts per cubic centimeter? 100?
4) Do you think on an automated production line that Quark units will be simple and rapid to manufacture? In my mind, I envision them being produced in massive bulk. Although I do not condone cigarette smoking, I could imagine them rolling off an assembly line in a similar manner.
5) What is the total weight of a Quark?
6) Have you ever detected charged particles being emitted by a Quark that could confirm the theory in the Cook-Rossi paper?
7) An Earth sized exo-planet (estimated at 1.4 Earth Mass) has been found in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri, the closest star except our own sun. The Quark technology could provide an ideal power source for a probe sent to investigate and potentially provide direct propulsion — emission of light to push a solar sail or charged particles for thrust. Any thoughts?
8) When the prototype of the Quark is revealed, will an explanation of the theorized working mechanisms also be shared?
Dead Andrea, you often say that alternative power sources are mainly funded by the taxpayers and their actual cost is then much higher than fossil fuels. Don’t you think that if to these latter would be attributed a reasonable share of the public costs sustained for cancer, asthma and other deseases, besides those for limiting CO2 release (without considering the damages to the environment in case of accidents and so on) this argument could be radically reconsidered?
My best wishes to your work (ergo)….
Eugenio Mieli:
1- continue the manufacturing of the industrial plants: NOW
2- complete the R&D of the QuarkX to sell the first unit: within 2016
3- presentation of the QuarkX prototype: within 2016
4- start massive production of the E-Cats in the USA and in Sweden: 2017- 2018
Thank you for your attention,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
considering the many variables we must consider (technical, legal, political) and consequently the difficulty in being precise in predictions, may you now make a schedule of upcoming major deadlines in the long road of E-Cat?
I’m sure that on certain issues you will be forced to repeat yourself, but I think it is interesting to have an overall timing pattern that reflects your feelings today. Obviously without obligation . . .
Gennady:
1- 3: n.1, n.2, n.3 ( a’ la James Bond’s Spectre)
2- same
3- heat and light + electricity
4- confidential so far
5- 60%
6- I don’t think so
Warm Regards,
A.R.
There has been a lot of questions about your industrial E-Cats. I would like to ask couple questions about domestic units. As you realize it is important to many of us. Especially since you mentioned that certification is complex and takes time.
1. How many prototypes are you working with? Is there a code name for it (a la Quark X)
2. Are all prototypes the same or there are variations?
3. Do all prototypes produce both heat and electricity?
4. What is the typical COP for a domestic unit you are working with?
5. How far are you in the certification process? (10%, 30%, 60%, etc)?
6. Do you think you will be able to complete certification process this year?
Augustus Cofer:
These tests have been two completely different things. The Lugano test, funded by the Swedish Royal Academy of Science and by Elforsk, has been an independent scientific test, without any commercial involvement and the object of the test was a Hot Cat which worked with a surface temperature of 1573 K and over. The Hot Cat is not yet a commercial product. On the contrary, the 1 year test has been a commercial test, made along a protocol described in a commercial/industrial contract; the object of the 1 year test was a low temperature E-Cat rated 1 MW of power, not a Hot Cat rated 3 kW of power. Being a completely new and revolutionary product, a test of at least one year has been agreed upon by the parties that signed the related contract.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Andrea Rossi:
The 1 year test with an industrial plant working with the LENR and the start of the manufacturing of industrial plants have been historical achievements, matured in the endless series of public and closed-doors tests you made in these years with enormous sacrifice. The silent majority has understood all this and trusts in your work.
Good luck for these hard next months you have to pass through.
Jerrold
The included website reference is a source for an unusual metal called tantalum, which may tolerate the high temperatures you need your materials to withstand.
Tantalum is a ductile metal. Tantalum has excellent corrosion resistance to most chemicals except hydrofluoric acid. Tantalum has a melting point exceeded only by tungsten & rhenium. The melting point of tantalum is approximately 3017 degrees Celsius. Tantalum’s main end uses are in capacitors, vacuum furnaces, chemical process equipment, nuclear reactors and aircraft parts.
Eagle Alloys has a large inventory listed below. All custom sizes and finished parts can be produced quickly to the highest industry standards. Eagle Alloys can furnish bar, foil, sheet, plate, tubing and wire.
Mr Andrea Rossi:
Why has been necessary a 1 year test for the 1 MW Ecat, considering that the Lugano test already had supplied the proof of concept?
Augustus
Anonymous:
No, I will never return to that field because to do well one thing you must dedicate all of yourself to that thing. I must stay focused on the E-Cat. I am glad to read that many plants have been made in the world after my patent of 1978 and that is all.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
JP Renoir:
Absolutely not. Electron capture in LENR is impossible. It can happen only with atoms overweighted with protons, and this is not our case.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi, I know that I am completely OT, but may I ask what is your diet?
I mean, is it mostly vegetarian, or also do you use foods of animal origin (meat, eggs, milk, etc.)?
I have been “struck” by a recent documentary in which they show what a completely vegetarian diet is healthy, especially for healing without drugs diseases and physical and mental deterioration resulting from the consumption of meat etc.
I recommend everyone to watch this documentary http://www.fatsickandnearlydead.com/
It is really enlightening!
Patrick Ellul:
Same answer I gave to Dima Redko. But I sympathyze you: the mileage for an FF is very attractive.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dima Redko:
We are talking of spaceships able to host humans for hundreds of thousands of years, not of satellites. But even if we accept, by absurd, your calculation, you still need 90 000 years for a round trip. You sure it makes sense, even in the absurd assumption that to speed up a satellite carrier is the same as to launch and trip up a spaceship as big and heavy as a cruise ship ? I hope you all are joking, as I am; do you understand that if the trip to go lasts even ONLY 10,000 years the humans that will arrive a to destination will be generations aging ten thousand years after the generations that participated to the take off ? Like to say that the humans that populated the Earth 10 thousand years ago are the ones who started and the humans of today are the ones that arrive ? And consider that 10 000 years means 4 times faster than you are saying. Obviously we all are joking ( I hope ).
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
About the calculations you made about the spaceship’s velocity you wrote “1 km/s, being very optimist”. But 1km/s is not even enough to reach 1st spcace velocity necessary to launch a satelite to the Earth’s orbit. To leave the Solar system spaceship must reach the 3rd space velocity, being 16,6 km/s relative to Earth and 46,9 km/s relative to the Sun. And these speeds are practically reachable nowadays even with what unadvanced technology humanity posesses at the moment
Dear Hank Mills,
Remember, though, that the E-sail cannot reach a higher speed than the solar wind speed, which is roughly 800 km/s (about half that in the ecliptic plane). With that speed, triptime to 4.25 light year distance would be 1600 years. In practice at least 2000-3000 years because the theoretical upper limit cannot be reached.
One idea that has been proposed is to travel, with the E-sail, to Sun’s gravitational focal line (>=550 au) and then use the entire Sun as a “lens” for looking at an opposing exoplanet or other interesting astronomical target with very high angular resolution. For example with 200 km/s speed, triptime to 550 au is 14 years.
regards, /pekka
Dear Andrea
Juno the spacecraft is currently orbiting jupiter at 40 km/s, with its relatively old technology.
Best regards
Patrick
Hank Mills:
I suspect our foes paid you to convince me to go to the exoplanet.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Patrick Ellul:
1- You are right, I was wrong: the exoplanet is “only” 4.5 lightyears away, but the substance of the comment does not change: if to reach the exoplanet takes 4.5 years at the speed of light in the vacuum ( circa 300 000 km/s ), at a speed technologically sustainable by a spaceship ( 1 km/s, being very optimist) it takes 300 000 x 4.4 = 1 350 000 years: 2 700 000 years for the round trip . Have a nice trip ( lot of miles for a frequent flyer, though! ).
2- True
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
1) Proxima Centauri is actually “just” 4.5 lightyears away.
2) Power is also used to rate the maximum of energy that an apparatus can consume.
Regards,
Patrick
Dear Andrea,
Thank you for your answers. However, the new exoplanet discovered is orbiting Proxima Centauri which is only 4.25 light years away. If humanity will ever send a probe to an exoplanet, this is the closest possible candidate there will ever be. And with an electrostatic sail powered by an E-Cat, a probe could theoretically create its own electric field and use the solar wind to accelerate it over multiple revolutions around our sun until a fraction of light speed is achieved. The probe might take decades to arrive at Proxima, but it is not impossible.
Sincerely,
Hank
Claud:
You made a point worth to be considered, with rigorous mathematical calculations and consolidated medical statistics that calculate the probability of an increase of diseases surely related to the pollution from fossil fuels. Let me say, though, that there are BACTs ( best available control technologies) that can resolve many problems. I wrote a book about this in 1976 ( L’Incenerimento dei rifiuti e la depurazione dei fumi- Ed Tecniche Nuove, Milano 1976) and if at those times it was already true, today it is much better. My personal opinion is that, for example, many coal plants could be saved if properly retrofitted. About CO2, Exxon, among others, is making a very advanced and promising R&D.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hank Mills:
1- Must make a distinction between Carnot cycle and direct production: respectively 35% and 20%
2- I do not know
3- I prefer to reserve this information so far.
4- Yes
5- Not yet defined
6- (Thank you, you reminded me to write urgently to Prof Cook). I can’t answer yet.
7- That exo-planet is millions lightyears distant from the Earth and, unfortunately, the relativistic ” warmholes” are science fiction trivialities. This means that a spaceship at the speed of light would need millions of years to reach the exoplanet. Challenge: calculate how many years at sustainable speed. Just forget it.
8- Could be.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jeff:
No, power is not energy, potential or actual as it might be. Power is a rating that indicates the maximum of energy that an apparatus can generate. For example, when you say that an engine has a power of 100 kW, this means that engine is rated to generate a maximum of 100 kWh/h of energy.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Peter Gluck:
Thank you for your link.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Giuseppe:
Should I not work on it for all the life, you will have to wait too much.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Aspettando l’E-Cat:
Se non ci metterà troppo, l’aspetterò tutta la vita.
(Oscar Wilde)
Waiting E-Cat
“If you are not long, I will wait for you all my life.”
(Oscar Wilde)
Best Regards, Giuseppe
Dear Andrea,
Hust publshed the daily issue of my Blog dedicated to the LENR and especially LENR+ world:
http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2016/08/aug-30-2016-lenrs-strange.html
Eppur si muove, eppur si fonde (its way)
Peter
Dr Andrea Rossi:
Can power be considered potential energy?
My son asked, I’m not able to answer.
Thanks,
Jeff
Dear Andrea,
1) In experimental testing, what is the maximum percentage of electrical output (compared to the total energy output) that you have measured? Has this remained at 20% or increased?
2) Extrapolating from the experimental results obtained so far, how long do you think a Quark can continue producing a near constant level of output before a significant drop off?
3) From current experimental data — non-final — what is the power density in terms of volume of the Quark considering all necessary components for electrical production? For example, 10 watts per cubic centimeter? 100?
4) Do you think on an automated production line that Quark units will be simple and rapid to manufacture? In my mind, I envision them being produced in massive bulk. Although I do not condone cigarette smoking, I could imagine them rolling off an assembly line in a similar manner.
5) What is the total weight of a Quark?
6) Have you ever detected charged particles being emitted by a Quark that could confirm the theory in the Cook-Rossi paper?
7) An Earth sized exo-planet (estimated at 1.4 Earth Mass) has been found in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri, the closest star except our own sun. The Quark technology could provide an ideal power source for a probe sent to investigate and potentially provide direct propulsion — emission of light to push a solar sail or charged particles for thrust. Any thoughts?
8) When the prototype of the Quark is revealed, will an explanation of the theorized working mechanisms also be shared?
Thank you.
Hank
Dead Andrea, you often say that alternative power sources are mainly funded by the taxpayers and their actual cost is then much higher than fossil fuels. Don’t you think that if to these latter would be attributed a reasonable share of the public costs sustained for cancer, asthma and other deseases, besides those for limiting CO2 release (without considering the damages to the environment in case of accidents and so on) this argument could be radically reconsidered?
My best wishes to your work (ergo)….
Claudio Rossi
Eugenio Mieli:
1- continue the manufacturing of the industrial plants: NOW
2- complete the R&D of the QuarkX to sell the first unit: within 2016
3- presentation of the QuarkX prototype: within 2016
4- start massive production of the E-Cats in the USA and in Sweden: 2017- 2018
Thank you for your attention,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Frank Acland:
We have to make a test that should be conclusive for the first stage of the R&D, if positive.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Why will this be in important week for the QuarkX?
Many thanks,
Frank Acland
Dear Andrea Rossi,
considering the many variables we must consider (technical, legal, political) and consequently the difficulty in being precise in predictions, may you now make a schedule of upcoming major deadlines in the long road of E-Cat?
I’m sure that on certain issues you will be forced to repeat yourself, but I think it is interesting to have an overall timing pattern that reflects your feelings today. Obviously without obligation . . .
Thanks so much,
Eugenio
Gennady:
1- 3: n.1, n.2, n.3 ( a’ la James Bond’s Spectre)
2- same
3- heat and light + electricity
4- confidential so far
5- 60%
6- I don’t think so
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jim:
Thank you for your sustain.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Megan Bonnard:
That’s a dream whose fullfillment would mean jobs and a new source of energy. Let’s work on it.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Will the Leonardo Corp. E-CAT soon be the most valuable brand in the world?
https://thenewfire.wordpress.com/will-the-leonardo-corp-e-cat-soon-be-the-most-valuable-brand-in-the-world/
Best
Dr Andrea Rossi:
From the silent majority, I sustain the comment of Jerroll Schmidt.
Godspeed,
Jim
Dear Andrea,
There has been a lot of questions about your industrial E-Cats. I would like to ask couple questions about domestic units. As you realize it is important to many of us. Especially since you mentioned that certification is complex and takes time.
1. How many prototypes are you working with? Is there a code name for it (a la Quark X)
2. Are all prototypes the same or there are variations?
3. Do all prototypes produce both heat and electricity?
4. What is the typical COP for a domestic unit you are working with?
5. How far are you in the certification process? (10%, 30%, 60%, etc)?
6. Do you think you will be able to complete certification process this year?
Kind regards,
Gennady
Augustus Cofer:
These tests have been two completely different things. The Lugano test, funded by the Swedish Royal Academy of Science and by Elforsk, has been an independent scientific test, without any commercial involvement and the object of the test was a Hot Cat which worked with a surface temperature of 1573 K and over. The Hot Cat is not yet a commercial product. On the contrary, the 1 year test has been a commercial test, made along a protocol described in a commercial/industrial contract; the object of the 1 year test was a low temperature E-Cat rated 1 MW of power, not a Hot Cat rated 3 kW of power. Being a completely new and revolutionary product, a test of at least one year has been agreed upon by the parties that signed the related contract.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Judson Decroo:
I have this hope.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Irving:
This will be an important week.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Tom Conover:
I know very well Tantalum.
Thank you for the information.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jerrols Schmidt:
Thank you for your sympathy.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Andrea Rossi:
The 1 year test with an industrial plant working with the LENR and the start of the manufacturing of industrial plants have been historical achievements, matured in the endless series of public and closed-doors tests you made in these years with enormous sacrifice. The silent majority has understood all this and trusts in your work.
Good luck for these hard next months you have to pass through.
Jerrold
Hello Andrea,
The included website reference is a source for an unusual metal called tantalum, which may tolerate the high temperatures you need your materials to withstand.
http://www.eaglealloys.com/tantalum/
A portion of the web page reads as follows:
Tantalum is a ductile metal. Tantalum has excellent corrosion resistance to most chemicals except hydrofluoric acid. Tantalum has a melting point exceeded only by tungsten & rhenium. The melting point of tantalum is approximately 3017 degrees Celsius. Tantalum’s main end uses are in capacitors, vacuum furnaces, chemical process equipment, nuclear reactors and aircraft parts.
Eagle Alloys has a large inventory listed below. All custom sizes and finished parts can be produced quickly to the highest industry standards. Eagle Alloys can furnish bar, foil, sheet, plate, tubing and wire.
Warm regards,
Tom
Dr Andrea Rossi,
News about the QuarkX?
Dear Dr Rossi
Do you think we will see a QuarkX in operation within this year?
Cheers,
JD
Mr Andrea Rossi:
Why has been necessary a 1 year test for the 1 MW Ecat, considering that the Lugano test already had supplied the proof of concept?
Augustus
Peter Gluck:
Thank you for your link.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
This is the first Blog issue for this week:
http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2016/08/aug-29-2016-lenr-about-root-causes.html
More and better ones will come, I hope
with my best wishes of success!
peter
Bob:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
Here is a link to a chart showing the sources and uses of energy production in the U.S.
http://www.visualcapitalist.com/u-s-energy-consumption-one-giant-diagram/
This chart supports your comment that all the energy sources must be integrated.
Bob
Maurizio:
Borderline in between X-Rays and Gamma, around 50 keV.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Terrence:
D
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Anonymous:
No, I will never return to that field because to do well one thing you must dedicate all of yourself to that thing. I must stay focused on the E-Cat. I am glad to read that many plants have been made in the world after my patent of 1978 and that is all.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
JP Renoir:
Absolutely not. Electron capture in LENR is impossible. It can happen only with atoms overweighted with protons, and this is not our case.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Italo R.:
I eat almost everything.
Thank you for the suggestion and the link.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi, I know that I am completely OT, but may I ask what is your diet?
I mean, is it mostly vegetarian, or also do you use foods of animal origin (meat, eggs, milk, etc.)?
I have been “struck” by a recent documentary in which they show what a completely vegetarian diet is healthy, especially for healing without drugs diseases and physical and mental deterioration resulting from the consumption of meat etc.
I recommend everyone to watch this documentary http://www.fatsickandnearlydead.com/
It is really enlightening!
Healthy Regards
Italo R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Did you change idea about the chance that electron capture could explain the LENR?
JPR