1/ Does it also mean that the technical problems have been resolved?
2/ Is there a time frame when I can expect the demo version for our project?
3/ Which version of the Ecat units 0.5 kWh or higher is the fastest?
You replied to Max that if you were to reach the 1 million unit order threshold you would immediately start mass production, and in your reply to Harry confirmed that you have solved all production issues and finalized the product design.
You also replied to me that NGUs will not be available before the EV demo occurs.
If that 1 million unit threshold is met before the EV demo would you then stockpile the NGUs, making them available only after the demo?
Dear Andrea,
Just an idea: fly the drone simultaneously with the EV demo. For example so that one drone follows the car, while another drone flies nonstop so that people can see it continuously. The drone brings in credibility quickly, within 1-2 hours, while the EV shows the practicality aspect of the invention to ordinary people. It would seem to me that, psychologically, such double demo would be very strong, more than either of them alone.
regards, /pekka
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Once the Ecat has been configurated for a due Voltage, the tension cannot be changed and the load must be fit for it.
To increase V you can put Ecats in series, and to increase the Amperage you can put them in parallel.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
On the envisioned 100W NGU units, a few questions:
1. Is there a user available control to adjust the open circuit voltage?
2. If an open circuit output voltage is less than 12 VDC, will more current be available to be consistent with 100W or will the current be limited to approximately 8.33 Amps and the total power will drop?
3. If the output voltage can be adjusted by the user, how close must the voltages be for two or more units to be run in parallel?
Satellite Reporting System – Garmin inReach Messenger – configured to report GPS position every 2 minutes. Internal battery lifetime is rated at 3 to 6 days. Unit weighs 4 oz.
The same unit could also be mounted on top of the EV to provide independent, real-time GPS measurements of the position (and speed) of the EV during the test in September.
eCat NGU Demonstration Using a SkyHynter Model Airplane
Test Concept:
Equip a model airplane with an eCat NGU unit(s) to fly for several days continuously, while it reports its position by satellite communication.
Flight path could either be Return To Base (RTB) or a closed series of navigation waypoints, repeated endlessly. RTB is a flight more where the model airplane circles around the takeoff point at a certain radius and altitude.
SkyHunter Specs
Specifications
Brand Name: SonicModell
Item Name: Full-Scale Skyhunter
Wingspan: 1800mm (70.86")
Length: 1400mm (55.11”) (adjustable)
Wing Area: 36dm/3.9ft2 (Main wing Area)
Max Flying Weight: 3.0-3.5kg
Color: White
Material: EPO with Carbon Fiber
CG: 1/3 of the wing from leading-edge
The Skyhunter can reach a top speed of 94 km/h and can fly for up to 60 minutes on a single battery.
Satellite Reporting System – Garmin inReach Messenger – configured to report GPS position every 2 minutes. Internal battery lifetime is rated at 3 to 6 days. Unit weighs 4 oz.
All additional needed components, GPS receiver, Transmitter/receiver, all-in-one flight system, telemetry transmitter/receiver, cameras, are relatively inexpensive and light weight. Add navigation flashing lights for nighttime flying.
With a takeoff weight limit of 3.5 kg, you should be able to place up to 4 – 8 100W NGU units onboard. It is likely that fewer 100W units will be required.
Proposed Test Flight
Launch in an open area away from the city or nearby airports. Keep model airplane within transmitter-receiver control. RTB or do nearby waypoints at a few hundred feet above the ground.
Select a weather window when low surface winds are expected and no storms.
Launch model airplane and verify satellite communications is operative. Let it fly for 3 days, continuously recording Satellite position data.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
I interpreted the question of Steve D supposing @ 100 W, but if the power demand decreases in proportion, the resistance Ohmage can be increased.
So, in this case, the answer is Yes.
The answer is bound to the integrals deriving from the Ohm’s law.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I believe you misunderstood Steve D second question.
Steve D wrote “Will the ecat operate within a limited range where R > 14.4 ohms?”
and you responded “if the load exceeds the power of the Ecat system, the system shuts down.”
If the load resistance increases, then the total power draw will decrease. So, Steve D’s question asks — for a constant output voltage, and the load increases resistance, will the eCat unit continue to provide output at a reduced power level?
Steve D:
I never received the questions missing in your former comment.
Here are the answers to your new questions:
2) yes
3) if the load exceeds the power of the Ecat system, the system shuts down
“Generally, most surveillance cameras operate on low voltage DC power, typically ranging from 12V to 24V. The power consumption of a camera is usually specified by the manufacturer and can range from a few watts to around 10 watts.”
“Estimates vary widely, with some sources suggesting there are over 30 million surveillance cameras in the country” (USA)
A single 10W NGU unit producing 12 VDC, or two 10W NGU in series producing 24 VDC, could power a surveillance camera and eliminate the need to run wiring to the camera.
Surveillance cameras typically operate 24/7 and the additional cost would be paid for by electricity savings over time.
Steve D:
The equations in the premise of your comment are correct.
Answers:
1- no
2- impossible to answer because in your comment there is no Q2
3- same as in 2
4- same as in 3
5- The minimum Voltage in the Ecats is 12, the Amperage depends on the ratio P/V
6- If V = 12 and P = 10, the consequence is A = 10/12
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Is the Ecat NGU shown on Ecatworld assemblable in many units put in parallel and in series to reach higher power ?
If yes: which is the max power reachable this way ?
Thank you if you can answer,
Joel
I thought you or your team might find this recently published paper on six flux composite fermions. The maths and discussion is quite involved and difficult so I’m not sure if it can be useful for you or not. But there seem too
me to be something’s of interest there.
Yet another eCat application – electric Golf Carts.
Facts:
“Today, there are more than 2 million carts in the country. They can be found on golf courses, resort towns, and even on the streets of major cities.
An electric cart’s range is typically 15 to 25 miles, depending on the type of battery. With a 4 to 6 gallon fuel tank, you might average 100 to 180 miles with a gas cart.
Gas carts tend to have more power, with their internal combustion engine (ICE) motors averaging 10 (7.5 kW) to 12 (8.9 kW) horsepower. Electric carts typically have 3 (2.2 kW) to 5 (3.7 kW) horsepower motors.
To answer how long do electric golf carts take to charge, the answer is 7-14 hours for a completely drained battery and between 2-7 hours for a partially drained battery.
An electric cart’s range is typically 15 to 25 miles, depending on the type of battery. With a 4 to 6 gallon fuel tank, you might average 100 to 180 miles with a gas cart.”
So, if the NGU can truly accommodate inductive loads, an all-electric golf cart that is not range limited, never needs charging, and has much more power than other electric golf carts, then using NGU technology might be appropriate.
There is a simplification to the New York City charging proposal I previously posted.
The requirement is for a total of about 8 kW-hrs of energy to be provided each day to the Tesla Electric Vehicle (EV). The Tesla is charged using a Tesla Mobile Connector. The Tesla Mobile Connector can accept a smart adapter cable which is selected for the input AC voltage and input AC current draw.
I suggest Tesla design and use a new smart adapter designed to accept 120VAC at a power of 400W.
If this can be done, then 4 or 5 eCat 100W units could be employed to drive a commercially available DC-to-AC inverter that would produce 120VAC at 400W. This would provide power to the Smart Adapter.
Jitse:
1- yes, albeit the tests are continuing
2- Yes, this year
3- being a modular system, there is no difference
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Good morning Andrea Rossi,
Your response see Max’s blog February 29:
1/ Does it also mean that the technical problems have been resolved?
2/ Is there a time frame when I can expect the demo version for our project?
3/ Which version of the Ecat units 0.5 kWh or higher is the fastest?
With regards
Jitse
Gregory Daigle:
The manufacturing depends on the threshold of pre-orders, not on the demo.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
If you could please clarify…
You replied to Max that if you were to reach the 1 million unit order threshold you would immediately start mass production, and in your reply to Harry confirmed that you have solved all production issues and finalized the product design.
You also replied to me that NGUs will not be available before the EV demo occurs.
If that 1 million unit threshold is met before the EV demo would you then stockpile the NGUs, making them available only after the demo?
Warm regards,
Greg
Harry:
Correct,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hi Dr Rossi,
So I understand from your answer to Max, that you have solved all production issues and finalised the product design.
Kind regards
Harry R.
Jean Paul Renoir:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Max:
We would start immediately the mass production,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
If you were to reach the 1 million unit order 250 Million USD Today would you begin production immediately or is the product not ready yet?
Dr Rossi,
with the Ecat NGU will the price per Watt remain the same ?
Best,
JPR
Pekka Janhunen:
Thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Just an idea: fly the drone simultaneously with the EV demo. For example so that one drone follows the car, while another drone flies nonstop so that people can see it continuously. The drone brings in credibility quickly, within 1-2 hours, while the EV shows the practicality aspect of the invention to ordinary people. It would seem to me that, psychologically, such double demo would be very strong, more than either of them alone.
regards, /pekka
Gregory Daigle:
No,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Wilfried:
We are studying.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
if you are thinking about using it in drones, does this mean that the power-to-weight ratio of the NGU is significantly better than before?
Best regards
Wilfried
Dr. Rossi,
You mentioned that the EV demo might happen in September. Can you say if ECat NGUs will be available before the EV demo occurs?
Warm regards,
Greg
Anonymous:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Are you thinking to employ the Ecat to power drones ?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for the suggestion: I pass it on to the responsible expert on the matter,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Once the Ecat has been configurated for a due Voltage, the tension cannot be changed and the load must be fit for it.
To increase V you can put Ecats in series, and to increase the Amperage you can put them in parallel.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
On the envisioned 100W NGU units, a few questions:
1. Is there a user available control to adjust the open circuit voltage?
2. If an open circuit output voltage is less than 12 VDC, will more current be available to be consistent with 100W or will the current be limited to approximately 8.33 Amps and the total power will drop?
3. If the output voltage can be adjusted by the user, how close must the voltages be for two or more units to be run in parallel?
Dear Andrea Rossi,
The below referenced Position Reporting system
Satellite Reporting System – Garmin inReach Messenger – configured to report GPS position every 2 minutes. Internal battery lifetime is rated at 3 to 6 days. Unit weighs 4 oz.
The same unit could also be mounted on top of the EV to provide independent, real-time GPS measurements of the position (and speed) of the EV during the test in September.
Anonymous:
We are thinking to September,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven N. Karels:
Thank you for your suggestive insight,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
eCat NGU Demonstration Using a SkyHynter Model Airplane
Test Concept:
Equip a model airplane with an eCat NGU unit(s) to fly for several days continuously, while it reports its position by satellite communication.
Flight path could either be Return To Base (RTB) or a closed series of navigation waypoints, repeated endlessly. RTB is a flight more where the model airplane circles around the takeoff point at a certain radius and altitude.
SkyHunter Specs
Specifications
Brand Name: SonicModell
Item Name: Full-Scale Skyhunter
Wingspan: 1800mm (70.86")
Length: 1400mm (55.11”) (adjustable)
Wing Area: 36dm/3.9ft2 (Main wing Area)
Max Flying Weight: 3.0-3.5kg
Color: White
Material: EPO with Carbon Fiber
CG: 1/3 of the wing from leading-edge
The Skyhunter can reach a top speed of 94 km/h and can fly for up to 60 minutes on a single battery.
Satellite Reporting System – Garmin inReach Messenger – configured to report GPS position every 2 minutes. Internal battery lifetime is rated at 3 to 6 days. Unit weighs 4 oz.
All additional needed components, GPS receiver, Transmitter/receiver, all-in-one flight system, telemetry transmitter/receiver, cameras, are relatively inexpensive and light weight. Add navigation flashing lights for nighttime flying.
With a takeoff weight limit of 3.5 kg, you should be able to place up to 4 – 8 100W NGU units onboard. It is likely that fewer 100W units will be required.
Proposed Test Flight
Launch in an open area away from the city or nearby airports. Keep model airplane within transmitter-receiver control. RTB or do nearby waypoints at a few hundred feet above the ground.
Select a weather window when low surface winds are expected and no storms.
Launch model airplane and verify satellite communications is operative. Let it fly for 3 days, continuously recording Satellite position data.
Thoughts?
Dr Rossi,
Have you an idea about when we’ll see the test with an EV ?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
I interpreted the question of Steve D supposing @ 100 W, but if the power demand decreases in proportion, the resistance Ohmage can be increased.
So, in this case, the answer is Yes.
The answer is bound to the integrals deriving from the Ohm’s law.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
I believe you misunderstood Steve D second question.
Steve D wrote “Will the ecat operate within a limited range where R > 14.4 ohms?”
and you responded “if the load exceeds the power of the Ecat system, the system shuts down.”
If the load resistance increases, then the total power draw will decrease. So, Steve D’s question asks — for a constant output voltage, and the load increases resistance, will the eCat unit continue to provide output at a reduced power level?
Steve
Steve D:
I never received the questions missing in your former comment.
Here are the answers to your new questions:
2) yes
3) if the load exceeds the power of the Ecat system, the system shuts down
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Yet another application for eCat technology
Remote wireless surveillance cameras.
“Generally, most surveillance cameras operate on low voltage DC power, typically ranging from 12V to 24V. The power consumption of a camera is usually specified by the manufacturer and can range from a few watts to around 10 watts.”
“Estimates vary widely, with some sources suggesting there are over 30 million surveillance cameras in the country” (USA)
A single 10W NGU unit producing 12 VDC, or two 10W NGU in series producing 24 VDC, could power a surveillance camera and eliminate the need to run wiring to the camera.
Surveillance cameras typically operate 24/7 and the additional cost would be paid for by electricity savings over time.
Thoughts?
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Thank you for your answers. I have resent the missing questions?? They set the scene for the subsequent questions.
2) Removal of the load will cause ecat shut down?
3) Will the ecat operate within a limited range where R > 14.4 ohms?
Anonymous:
1- yes
2- no
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steve D:
The equations in the premise of your comment are correct.
Answers:
1- no
2- impossible to answer because in your comment there is no Q2
3- same as in 2
4- same as in 3
5- The minimum Voltage in the Ecats is 12, the Amperage depends on the ratio P/V
6- If V = 12 and P = 10, the consequence is A = 10/12
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
A feature of the Mini is auto adjust current x voltage = 10W for the load range where R = V^2/P
@1V R is 0.1 ohms
@ 12V R is 14.4 ohms
1) Attempt to draw more than 10W with R 14.4 ohms?
4) Where Q3 is true, was this condition applicable to the previous live stream therefore less than 10W was delivered?
5) Is there a minimum current to maintain activation which lies somewhere between 12V/14.4 ohms = 0.833A and 0A?
6) Where Q5 is true can you define the minimum current needed to maintain activation where only small loads are in use?
Thank you for your answers
Dr Rossi,
Do you use microchips in the Ecat NGU ?
If yes, aren’t you afraid that a lack of microchips could affect the Ecats manufacturing ?
Joel:
1- yes
2- theoretically there are no limits
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Is the Ecat NGU shown on Ecatworld assemblable in many units put in parallel and in series to reach higher power ?
If yes: which is the max power reachable this way ?
Thank you if you can answer,
Joel
Irina:
Yes,
Warm regards,
A.R.
Sam,
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hello DR Rossi
Scientists freeze positronium atoms with lasers
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-68349448.amp
Regards
Sam
Is it for the Ecat NGU still the plasma, as described in the paper
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
, the necessary precondition to obtain the O.U. ?
Stephen:
Thank you for the link: yes, it is of interest.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi.
I thought you or your team might find this recently published paper on six flux composite fermions. The maths and discussion is quite involved and difficult so I’m not sure if it can be useful for you or not. But there seem too
me to be something’s of interest there.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45860-5
I’m very encouraged to see that serious science is now tackling these topics.
Best Regards
Anonymous:
Thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Do you think that the application of a capacitance could help the coupling between the Ecat and the battery of an EV ?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Yet another eCat application – electric Golf Carts.
Facts:
“Today, there are more than 2 million carts in the country. They can be found on golf courses, resort towns, and even on the streets of major cities.
An electric cart’s range is typically 15 to 25 miles, depending on the type of battery. With a 4 to 6 gallon fuel tank, you might average 100 to 180 miles with a gas cart.
Gas carts tend to have more power, with their internal combustion engine (ICE) motors averaging 10 (7.5 kW) to 12 (8.9 kW) horsepower. Electric carts typically have 3 (2.2 kW) to 5 (3.7 kW) horsepower motors.
To answer how long do electric golf carts take to charge, the answer is 7-14 hours for a completely drained battery and between 2-7 hours for a partially drained battery.
An electric cart’s range is typically 15 to 25 miles, depending on the type of battery. With a 4 to 6 gallon fuel tank, you might average 100 to 180 miles with a gas cart.”
So, if the NGU can truly accommodate inductive loads, an all-electric golf cart that is not range limited, never needs charging, and has much more power than other electric golf carts, then using NGU technology might be appropriate.
Thoughts?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
There is a simplification to the New York City charging proposal I previously posted.
The requirement is for a total of about 8 kW-hrs of energy to be provided each day to the Tesla Electric Vehicle (EV). The Tesla is charged using a Tesla Mobile Connector. The Tesla Mobile Connector can accept a smart adapter cable which is selected for the input AC voltage and input AC current draw.
I suggest Tesla design and use a new smart adapter designed to accept 120VAC at a power of 400W.
If this can be done, then 4 or 5 eCat 100W units could be employed to drive a commercially available DC-to-AC inverter that would produce 120VAC at 400W. This would provide power to the Smart Adapter.
Steve