Avogadro number and the mystery of TOE and Quantum Theory


By
U.V.S. Seshavatharam
DIP QA Engineer, Lanco Industries Ltd, Srikalahasti-517641, A.P, India
E-mail: seshavatharam.uvs@gmail.com

Prof. S. LAKSHMINARAYANA
Department Of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University, Vizag-530003, AP, India.
E-mail: lnsrirama@yahoo.com

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Introduction

In this paper previously [1, 2] defined lepton mass generator XE is redefined in a unified approach and is shown that it is more fundamental than the fine structure ratio α. Muon and Tau masses are fitted. With a new (uncertain) quantum number at n=3, a new heavy charged lepton is predicted at 42260 MeV. Without considering the classical gravitational constant Gc establishing a relation in between charged particle ‘s s mass and charge is impossible. Till now Avagadro number [3] is a mystery. The basic counting unit in chemistry, the mole, has a special name Avogadro ‘s s number in honor of the Italian scientist Amadeo Avogadro (1776-1856). The commonly accepted definition of Avogadro number is the number of atoms in exactly 12 g of the isotope 12/6 C and the quantity itself is 6.02214179(30) x 10ˆ23 . Considering N as a fundamental input in grand unified scheme authors made an attempt to correlate the electron rest mass and its charge. It is also noticed that h is slipping from the net and there lies the the secret of true grand unification.

As the culmination of his life work, Einstein wished to see a unification of gravity and electromagnetism [4] as aspects of one single force. In modern language he wished to unite electric charge with the gravitational charge (mass) into one single entity. Further, having shown that mass the gravitational charge was connected with space-time curvature, he hoped that the electric charge would likewise be so connected with some other geometrical property of space-time structure. For Einstein [5, 6] the existence, the mass, the charge of the electron and the proton the only elementary particles recognized back in 1920s were arbitrary features. One of the main goals of a unified theory should explain the existence and calculate the properties of matter.

Stephen Hawking – in his famous book- “A brief history of time ” [7] says: It would be very difficult to construct a complete unified theory of everything in the universe all at one go. So instead we have made progress by finding partial theories that describe a limited range of happenings and by neglecting other effects or approximating them by certain numbers. (Chemistry, for example, allows us to calculate the interactions of atoms, without knowing the internal structure of an atomic nucleus). Ultimately, however, one would hope to find a complete, consistent, unified theory that would include all these partial theories as approximations, and that did not need to be adjusted to fit the facts by picking the values of certain arbitrary numbers in the theory. The quest for such a theory is known as “the unification of physics . Einstein spent most of his later years unsuccessfully searching for a unified theory, but the time was not ripe: there were partial theories for gravity and the electromagnetic force, but very little was known about the nuclear forces. Moreover, Einstein refused to believe in the reality of quantum mechanics, despite the important role he had played in its development.

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111 comments to Avogadro number and the mystery of TOE and Quantum Theory

  • Jim Rosenburg

    Can we know power and dimensions of the module of the Ecat SK Leonardo?
    Jim Rosenburg

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Readers:
    Today we have resumed to comment in this blog, after 2 days of silence in respect of the passing away of Prof. Norman Cook.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Readres:
    Please go to
    http://www.rossilivecat.com
    to find comments published today in other posts of this blog
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Anonymous:
    The spectrometer gives all the numbers in the raw data with an approximation of 0.1 nm
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Daniel Hicks:
    It depends on the specific situation. In theory, yes.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Daniel Hicks

    Dr Rossi,
    Is it possible to use the Ecat core to insert in directly in a kiln furnace to supply the heat?
    I have been inspired to this solution by the report published on May 23 2013 Phys.org related to a 2013 test.
    Daniel Hicks

  • Andrea Rossi

    The Rudimental:
    I think that the key point is the match between experiment and the theory, but, as I said before, I am too very surprised: I would have settled for several hundreds of full readings, that still would have been a success ! I looked now at the statistics and we got more than 21 000 full readings, which is unbelievable.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • The Rudimental

    Your paper on Researchgate
    http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
    has the highest score of full readings of all the nuclear physics papers published in the world in 2019. How is it possible, considering that the readers of researchgate are all scientists and researchers ?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Joe:
    I think it is not impossible, so far.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • joe

    Dr Rossi,
    Are you envisioning an Ecat that makes electricity and heat in every household?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Physics Teacher:
    I think the success is strictly bound to the link between the publication on Researchgate and the presentation in http://www.ecatskdemo.com
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Physics Teacher

    Dr Andrea Rossi:
    Congratulations for your achievement on Researchgate: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
    has reached 10 000 full readings in less than 4 month, a target unheard of before for a nuclear physics publication.
    Godspeed,
    Physics Teacher

  • Andrea Rossi

    Anonymous:
    I am working on the board of the circuit that pilots the direct production of electric energy. Obviously I am still at the solder-components and board manual stage. But I am optimist about the result.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    JJ:
    We will try again and again and again…
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • JJ

    Dr Rossi,
    What will happen if your R&D to generate direct current from the plasma of the Ecat SK ( the electric ballerina ) will fail ?
    Godspeed,
    J.J.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Prof:
    I agree.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Prof

    You are right: whatever the kind of the radiations, strange or not, to be ionizing they must have a wavelength that any certified analyzer detects and gives record of. If your microSievert/h detector does not signal ionizing radiations out of the Ecat, this means that there are not ionizing radiations.
    The video http://www.ecatskdemo.com is clear on this issue.
    Prof

  • Andrea Rossi

    To the Readers:
    please go to
    http://www.rossilivecat.com
    to find recent comments published on this blog, but not on this post.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Hubertsitz:
    1- Thermal energy so far
    2- yes
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Alexis:
    No, but I can say that the modifications are focused on the target to obtain longer ssm.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Hubertsitz

    Dr Andrea Rossi,
    Will the service of energy supply be with thermal energy or electric energy? Will it be supplied also in Europe?
    Cheers,
    Hubert Sitz

  • AlexisOn

    Dr Andrea Rossi:
    About your answer to Jean Pierre:
    Can you explain which modification you are making to the Hot Cat?
    Alexis

  • Andrea Rossi

    I sent the paper to several Professors to make a peer reviewing, since the calculations are not easy and I am not sure of myself. I am waiting for corrections. The paper is circulating among a restrict number of physicists, because before publishing it I need to be sure not to have written wrong calculations. After the voluntary peer reviewing on course, if the paper will have dignity for a publication, it will be published, otherwise I will just scrap it. It will have been anyway useful to burn the nights inside the plant.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Andrea Rossi:
    News about the paper that you announced, regarding more calculations about the Rossi Effect, after the Cook-Rossi article published on Arxiv?

  • Andrea Rossi

    WhereIsMyEcat:
    1- why did you not put your name ? How can we cancel your pre-order if you do not put your name?
    2- I wrote repeatedly that the domestic E-Cat is not yet going on the market due to certification issues and to commercial strategy, and I explained very well the reasons of this. I do not, therefore, know when it will be on the market.
    3- I do not think, dear anonimous guy, that you placed any order, for the reason that if you did, you know perfectly that you did not make an order, but a non engaging pre-order, without paying any sum, and with total freedom to cancel your pre-order when we will put the product on the market, with precise offers and price. All the persons that have made a pre-order know this perfectly. Obviously, anybody is free to cancel the pre-order anytime.
    4- I want also to repeat what follows: E-Cat is still in a phase of research and development, as I continue this work more finding will be released and additional technical information will be provided once practicable. As I focus on continuing my research, I will not be able to respond to each specific question.
    Regards,
    A.R.

  • WhereIsMyECat

    I ordered my e-cat nearly 2 years ago. Where is it? I think I want to cancel my order now because I don’t think you’re really going to sell me one. Has anyone else received their e-cat yet? I thought there were thousands of orders placed, maybe hundreds of thousands. Did anyone get one yet?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Freddy:
    Thank you for the information.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Freddy

    On Sun, 11 Aug 2013 14:25:59 +0200, Freddy wrote:
    Dear Rossi,

    As I understand you want a test drive a Sterling engine and still
    can’t find the right one. You probably got this link, in case you
    don’t I have one: http://www.cleanergy.com/about/cleanergy-today/
    They producing on commercial basis the engine for several years at
    least and proved reliable. Hope this could help you.

    Fred

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Alexander Putney:
    I leave to the Readers the discussion about your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Greetings Dr. Rossi, I’ve been using a set of formulas for nuclear transmutation according to phonon resonance frequency matching of starting isotopes with target isotopes. It was developed by Dr. Walter Lussage in the 1960s, during the same time as the work on biological transmutation by Dr. CL Kervran.

    And here is my free Ebook on the subject of resonant atomic transmutation occurring in atmospheric hydrogen and the human body, plants and animal groups –in a coherent synthesis of the research of Kervran and the geologist Lussage:

    Qi.pdf

    Inb this eBook, I’ve demonstrated mathematically the first coherent explanation for thermoregulation requirements of the blood varieties: red, green, blue and transparent. For example, I’ve defined the phonon resonance conversion thresholds for iron (Fe57) into copper, iron (Fe54) into calcium, manganese into chromium and chromium into nickel are all exactly achieved at 37.5 degrees C, which explains why these metals are present in our blood under gas pressure: for resonant atomic conversion.

    The same features have been demonstrated of the other blood types using the latest atomic datasets for accurate phonon calculations. I have successfully constructed and maintain operating reactors for conversion of copper into iron, copper into nickel and silver into gold. Photos of the gold I’ve produced are included in the second chapter of the Qi eBook, after discussion of the E-Cat system.

    I look forward to any comments you may have regarding the phonon resonance aspect of these reactions, which supports the process with unmistakable biological conversions that operate throughout nature.

    Warm regards,
    Alexander Putney
    Human-Resonance.org

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Larry,
    I am devastated: the video you gave the link of really discloses my secret!
    No Regards,
    A.R.

  • Larry

    Dear Ing Rossi

    I agree with Francesco

    Your rather pessimistic comment that we should forget using the ecat for air travel for 50 years is way off the mark. In his book “The Singularity is Near”, Ray Kurzweil discusses how just about everybody tends to underestimate short term targets and badly overestimate long term targets, especially when talking about technology which improves exponentially. This comes about because everyone instinctively extrapolates in a linear fashion. In your case your history tells you it took you 25 years to get where you are now so in another 25 years you should have advanced twice as far. What you forget is the tendency of information based technologies to follow Moore’s Law (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law) which generally states that integrated circuits halve in size and double in power every 18 to 24 months.

    The ecat is not an integrated circuit but its advancement is directly related to scientific research which makes it an exponentially improving information technology. If the ecat were to roughly follow Moore’s law as other science based technologies do then it could reasonably be expected to halve in size and double in power approximately every two years. In 10 years that would be 5 halvings in size and 5 doublings in power. The current inefficiency in thermoelectric conversion, which is about 70% waste heat could also halve every two years. If these figures are anywhere close to true then your 10 KW home ecat in 10 years will be 3% of its current size, generate 300 KW of power which will be converted to electricity at about 97% efficiency. The ecat would effectively evolve into a nuclear battery about the size of a “D” flashlight battery, generate about 300 KW of electricity and produce waste heat at about 10 KW. Now we be flying.

    It may sound like science fiction but imagine the resources that this invention will free up and the scale of the financial and human resources that will be brought to bear on this technology once it’s proven and accepted. It could well create a renaissance in science.

    It’s going to be a long summer.

    Larry Jameson

    Check out this video. Finally, the secret to Rossi’s eCat revealed!

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8yW5cyXXRc&feature=player_embedded

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Avi:
    The 1 MW plants are already for sale and in construction. As for the domestic E-Cats we must wait for the certificator’s requirements.
    The timing does not depend on us, but we have already committed the production lines.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • avi

    Hi
    When it will be possible to order an Ecat? in august?

    Thanks

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Andrew:
    Yes, I do. Well done.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Adam Lepczak:
    Too soon to answer, we are still testing the new reactor. I surely will keep you all updated on this blog.
    Warmest Regards,
    A.R.

  • Adam Lepczak

    Dear Mr Rossi,
    Congratulations on recent developments. Can you tell us more about the Sterling Engine configuration that your industrial ECat is using? What kind? what’s the working gas, configuration, efficiency? HP rating?
    I am glad to hear that the construction is going forward. Thank you very much for keeping all of us – your followers updated.
    Regards,

    Adam

  • Wladimir Guglinski

    P.G.Sharrow wrote in May 3rd, 2012 at 9:54 PM:

    Wladimir Guglinski
    May 3rd, 2012 at 4:16 AM says
    “The gravitons and the electric particles of the aether are similar.”

    My examination of all that is known to me brought a similar conclusion.
    Most subatomic “particles” are just quanta of Aether with different spin signatures.”

    Dear Sharrow,
    after the moment when one arrives to the conclusion on the existence of the massless particles of the aether, such conclusion becomes to him so obvious, evident, logic.

    It becomes so obvious that he gets astonished why the physicists did not arrive to the same conclusion.

    Regards
    Wlad

  • Wladimir Guglinski

    Dear Joe,
    why have the theorists supposed the existence of the graviton, but they did not suppose the existence of the electric particles of the aether ?

    In the case of gravity, the reason is obvious. There is attraction between the bodies. And so, there must be an agent responsible for such attraction,which is known as gravitational. Such agent is supposed to be the graviton.

    In the case of electricity, the physicists discovered the existence of the electron. So, there is no need (as happened in the case of gravity) to consider an agent responsible for the existence of electricity, since such agent is the own electron.
    Besides, to consider electric particles of the aether would be an unacceptable speculation, because from Einstein’s theory the space is supposed to be empty.

    However, particles as the electron and the proton have electric fields. And so a question arises: what is the agent which composes the electric fields of proton and electron ?

    This is a fundamental question, but it is not considered in current theories of Modern Physics. It is merely a philosophycal speculation, and the physicists cannot take it seriously. They know that proton and electron have an electric field. Nevertheless, it is not of their interest to speculate about the “material” structure of such fields. The concept of field in Modern Physics is an abstract concept, without physical meaning.

    On another hand, they suppose the existence of the graviton, and they try to detect it. But in spite of their effort, the graviton shows itself to be undetectable.

    So, the detection of the electric particles of the aether would be in worst situation. First because the physicists do not believe in the existence of the aether. And second because, as they do not suppose the existence of electric particles of the aether, they do not try to detect them.

  • Wladimir Guglinski
    May 3rd, 2012 at 4:16 AM says
    “The gravitons and the electric particles of the aether are similar.”

    My examination of all that is known to me brought a similar conclusion.
    Most subatomic “particles” are just quanta of Aether with different spin signatures.

    Click on my name and visit my blog and read some of my offerings or just look at the pictures. pg

  • Wladimir Guglinski

    Joe wrote in May 2nd, 2012 at 10:44 PM :

    Wladimir Guglinski,

    1. Is the graviton, of which you speak, a fermion or a boson?

    2. Why has that graviton never been detected?

    3. Is the electric particle, of which you speak, a fermion or a boson?

    4. Why has that electric particle never been detected?

    Dear Joe,
    you have the answers here:

    The hunt for the graviton
    http://www.zimbio.com/CERN+Hadron+Collider/articles/b2EdaHjI85z/The+hunt+for+the+graviton

    Gráviton
    http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A1viton

    The gravitons and the electric particles of the aether are similar.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Joe:
    We will answer to these questions when we will publish our theory.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Joe

    Dr Rossi,

    1. Is most of the heat in the E-Cat produced by the interaction of gamma photons with lead?

    2. Are there other minor sources of heat? If so, can you specify?

    3. Are neutrons created in the E-Cat? If so, does the lead block them from radiating, or are they too slow to even leave the reaction chamber and pose a threat to human safety?

    All the best,
    Joe

  • Joe

    Wladimir Guglinski,

    1. Is the graviton, of which you speak, a fermion or a boson?

    2. Why has that graviton never been detected?

    3. Is the electric particle, of which you speak, a fermion or a boson?

    4. Why has that electric particle never been detected?

    All the best,
    Joe

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Bernie Koppenhofer:
    Perfectly right!
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Bernie Koppenhofer

    Roberto Rampado: No matter how carefully Mr. Rossi would set up ANOTHER demonstration the super skeptics would find some ridiculous reason to say it was invalid. (Like: he has this huge battery underground supplying power to the E-Cat). It would be a grand waste of time. Mr. Rossi is right his customers will do the talking for him. Four years after the Wright Brothers flew, super skeptics were saying it was a trick.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Roberto Rampado:
    Honestly, I do not see any competitor ready to commercialize anything. I am not going to change our policy, anyway, indipendently from the competition. Our Customers will be our “validators” ( by the way: they already are).
    Thank you for your kind attention,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Rampado Dr Roberto

    Caro Dr.Andrea Rossi,

    tempo fa hai scritto che non avresti più eseguito prove e dimostrazioni pubbliche perchè inutili, dato che sarebbe stato il mercato a certificare il tuo E-Cat.

    Purtroppo però non hai fatto i conti con la lentezza della burocrazia: qualcuno ha affermato che la burocrazia è in grado di fermare anche le rivoluzioni politiche…

    Intanto il mondo delle LENR è in notevole fermento e vengono dati annunci di prossime commercializzazioni da parte di concorrenti.

    Non credi che potrebbe essere utile rivedere la tua decisione e di mostrare ancora il funzionamento del tuo E-Cat, magari con la collaborazione degli ingegneri ed esperti che frequentano il Blog 22Passi di Daniele Passerini?

    Sarebbe un’operazione scientifico-mediatica di sicuro e notevole interesse che porterebbe ulteriore pubblicità, ammesso che ce ne fosse bisogno…

    Affezionatissimo
    Roberto Rampado

    Dear Dr. Andrea Rossi,

    some time ago you wrote that no more tests and no more public demonstrations will be done because unnecessary and that the E-cat would be certified by the market.

    Unfortunately you did not considered the slowness of the bureaucracy. Someone said that bureaucracy is able to stop even the political revolutions…

    Meanwhile, the world of LENR is moving fast and it seems that competitors are upcoming to commercialization.

    Do you think that review your choice and show again the performance of your E-Cat could be helpful?
    Perhaps this new demo could be done in presence of engineers and experts attending the Blog “22passi” of Daniele Passerini.

    It could be a scientific and media operation of great and secure interest that would increase E-cat visibility, if any were needed …

    Sincerely
    Roberto Rampado

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Adam Lepczak:
    The certificators will give us the requirements for this issue.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

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