by
U.V.S. Seshavatharam
Honorary faculty, I-SERVE
Alakapuri, Hyderabad-35, AP, India
E-mail: seshavatharam.uvs@gmail.com
.
Prof. S. Lakshminarayana
Dept. of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University
Visakhapatnam-03, AP, India
E-mail: lnsrirama@yahoo.com
.
.
Introduction
On 21 December 2011 a new meson of rest energy 10.530±0.005 GeV was detected in CERN – LHC and the ATLAS detector.
This new meson, known as χb (3p), consists of two parts – an elementary particle known as a `beauty’ quark and its opposite antiquark, which are bound together by a `strongforce'[1].
Its existence was predicted in our published paper [2]: page-278, table-16, last row, last column.
Before going further, authors request the interested readers to please go through the two published papers [2] and [3].
This paper is a combined and unified version of the published papers [2,3] and proceedings of the DAE symposium on nuclear physics 2011, India [4,5].
Please note that in our previous paper [2] it was suggested that: W boson is the super symmetric boson of the top quark fermion and the charged Higgs boson pair generates the neutralized Z boson.
It was also suggested that [3,5] Higgs charged boson and W boson couples together to form a neutral boson of rest energy 126 GeV.
Its existence was detected and is under open discussion [6,7].
Another interesting idea is: W boson pair generates a neutral boson of rest energy 161 GeV. This is our prediction and needs to be verified.
.
Dear Enrico Billi:
Interesting, thank you,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
p.s. Lavolale, Lavolale!
Dear Sirs, i found this article and seems very interesting. A pubblication of an experiment performed shows may exist a 5th long-range force between particle with spin.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/339/6122/928
Best regards, lavoLaLe lavoLaLe
Enrico Billi
Dear Daniel G. Zavela:
I think my work is useful: that makes me the think what I do is never enough. But your lines are very kind, thank you very much.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Please take care of your health. Your lovely tennis partner would miss your company if you spends weeks getting well in intensive care.
Remember that in the USA as an employee, you are given 1 1/2 x pay after 40 hours of work and 2x pay on Sunday and holidays. 🙂
Best Regards,
Daniel G. Zavela
Dear Robert Curto:
Interesting information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi, please Google:
N.M. Bill would allow creation of RECs for Biomass Thermal Energy
Hey, how about E-Cat ?
Robert
Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
USA
Dear Daniel G. Zavela:
Today, saturday, I finished now to work ( 3 a.m.) and I started this morning at 5 a.m.
Your the considerations.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
RE: Green Turbine and 24th Anniversary Celebration?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Did you receive a Green Turbine to test as yet?
Will your new bosses give you a vacation day on March 23rd to celebrate the 24th anniversary of the announcement of the discovery of the “Cold Fusion” effect by Drs. Pons and Fleischmann? It would be nice if you had a Skype session with your supporters and interested parties to give your vision of where your technological breakthrough is going in the near future.
“Andrea Rossi
January 13th, 2013 at 3:22 AM
Dear Vladimir:
We received yesterday the interesting offer from Green Turbine. As a matter of fact, it is a device with a power around 1.5 kW . We are manufacturing 1 MW plants and we are working on this power level ( 500-1000 kW). As for the domestic E-Cats, this device can be useful, with adaptations, and we will make tests with it, pending the certification issue.
Warm Regards,
A.R.”
Best Regards,
Daniel G. Zavela
Dear eernie1,
I too found the debate interesting. My intent was never disrespectful. I too found Andrea’s comment of the color being more white than yellow interesting. Perhaps Andrea will reveal the composition of the enclosure used in that experiment and if any different surface treatment was applied. Maybe the natural emissivity of the surface was changed to favor the shorter wavelengths being emitted? Or another possiblity is that human perception tends to make light “white” while a camera records what it has been calibrated to. Perhaps the human observers naturally perceived the light “whiter” than it really was?
Dear eernie1:
I confirm that I am receiving many private messages of Readers very interested to your debate.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Steven Karels,
One last comment.My argument basically is made from the thought that since the reactor should have reached a degree of thermal equilibrium after some period of operation, the presence of different colors of emitted energy would indicate different sources of radiant energy,not all black body.Dr.Rossi’s comment that the energy is more white than shown in the photograph is very interesting since it indicates a higher temperature.The upper limit for reactor temperature would be the melting point of Nickel which is 1453C.Are we there with black body temperature?By the way,my cell phone camera records colors fairly consistant with actuality.
I hope you and the readers are having as much fun with this discussion as I have.Regards
Steven……re Emitted Colors..impressive analysis, thanks.
Dear Franco et Al.:
Yes, the yellow ( but the photo didn’t show the exact color, which in reality is closer to white than to yellow) comes from the inner part of the reactor.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Regarding Emitted Colors,
First of all, the signature speculation is based on a posted photogragh of the Hot eCat in operation. This was not taken by a spectral radiometer (an instrument that measures intensity by wavelength) but by a simple visible wavelength camera. This camera undoubtedly contained a Bayer pattern with Red, Green and Blue sensitive pixels. A color picture was reconstructed using a demosaicing algorythm. An anti-IR filter is normally present to elminate IR sensitivity to improve the visual image (so called “pretty pictures”). Therefore, the Yellow response is a combination of the camera’s collection of the Green and Red pixels and the resulting pixel is interpreted as Yellow.
There can be no implication of spectral energy distribution within the Hot eCat reaction area by this information since the energy transfer process is that any energy generated within the Hot eCat reactor is transformed into thermal energy and conductively moved to the outside of the reactor area. In this case, the exterior of the Hot eCat which includes the outside cylindircal area, the sides and the interior cavity cylindrical area. Since the cavity area is semi-enclosed, it becomes the hotest and transfers its energy primarily by radiative means. Any light signature of the internal Hot eCat reaction is lost due to this thermal conductance process.
The radiative spectrum emitted by the cavity is dictated by the temperature of the surface and its emissivity. If we assume carbon steel is the surface material, then the previous comments show the estimated temperature.
There is no signature showing the characteristics of the internal Hot eCat reaction.
@ Mr. eernie1,
I think that the yellow color we had seen from the picture was the inner of the “inner” tube of Hot-Cat heated at high temperature.
During Pordenone meeting, ing. Andrea Rossi said that both tubes, that composed the device, were based by steel (I remember AISI 310 for the inner one).
Moreover isn’t possible that we had seen directly the fire of “active part” due to the potential Gamma emissions that in some way should be shielded to protect from radiation, therefore the active part of the Hot-Cat can’t be simply exposed to the external like a “sun” and I think that it isn’t visible from outside of Hot-Cat.
Surely Andrea could explain better than me.
Recent Comments, The recent comments with regards to colour and the reactions within the e-cat is interesting. I have given the colour spectrum some thought that I would like to share with the JONP contributors. The spectrum I believe is composed of three primary colours Red, Blue and Yellow and two secondary shades Green and Orange. Both primary and secondary are contained within two states, Violet Fission and Indigo Fusion. Above the violet is the Absolute White and beneath the Indigo the Absolute Black. The Absolute beimng the source within which the seven colours exist. When binary systems are observed it becomes evident that the source is forever greater than the product. I shall explain later. The spectrum when envisaged as a fission fusion state can be diagrammmed using three shapes. An egg shape with its point down contained within a triangle with apex down containing the egg and within the egg a triangle with its apex up serving as a diametrical dimension. Red at the point of egg in the diameter. Blue at the apex, other end of diameter. Yellow is the radial that divides the egg in half. Above Yellow beneath Blue is Green. Beneath Yellow above Red is Orange. Above Blue the state of violet and beneath Red the state of Indigo, both states within the inverted triangle. When two such structures come together apex positive descends into base negative the apex and base become a radial of a complete structure with its Yellow radial and accompanying six colours. This is why the source is always greater than the product (systemic systems). Products are of seven that mimic the source. The two states that are responsible for creating the product, that are exterior to the egg but within the triangle are equally responsible for dismantling the structure as it ascends the interior pyramid/ triangle and fuses its creation down that simultaneously fizzes it out. When I put these three primary and two secondary colours into an atomic structure I give them potentials as follows :- Red positive, Orange neutral pos. Yellow Neutral, Green neutral neg, Blue negative. Thereby, Red,Orange and Yellow could be quarks within the protons, Orange, Yellow and Green within the neutrons and Yellow, Green and Blue within the electrons. If these quarks cycle to remain neutral within their respective charges then in theory the charges ascillate themselves to remain neutral with regards structure (they spin and turn over as they approach and recede from the nucleous). When out of structure or disassociated by distance the infill potentials in theory are Yellow neutrals able to have a positive or negative disposition and provide soft energy when in contact with positivity. This understanding of neutrals could help excplain both the working of the e-cat and Browns Gas (expanded H2O) Anyway could be something to consider when contemplating positivity and negativity within the atom. Best Regards Eric Ashworth.
Dear Franco,
I should have stated 1000K for the red metallic black body emission which corresponds to a variety of metals.We can see this contribution. Since we do not know the interior composition of the device we must assume some sort of iron based complex.We can plainly see this signature.But unless there are two metals inside at different temperatures one at 1000K and one at a more elevated temperature,the yellow light must come from a different source.I used the surface of the sun which appears to emit a similar color as a black body to that eminating from the device as a temperature comparison.(6000K).
It would be interesting to calculate the amount of energy Rossi would have to imput into the device to turn it into a blast furnace emitting that much yellow black body energy.Just asking.
Dear Steven Karels,
I dont understand your statements.The yellow light would be visible from the opening in the front of the device.
Dear Franco,
You are correct. The emissivity plays a key role in altering the spectra compared to what a true blackbody would emit. My link shows a Light Yellow (1079C), a Lemon (996C) and a Bright Red (843C) as color-temperature combinations for Carbon Steel. These temperatures are consistent with the reported Hot eCat temperatures.
http://www.marshallarts.co.za/temptable.htm
@ Mr. eernie1 and Mr. Karels,
if You are talking about “colors” and related “temperatures” of Hot-Cat body (Steel) submitted to heating, I would highlight you that:
RED color doesn’t correspond to a body temperature of 1000°C (1273.2K) but just 700-800°C and
YELLOW color doesn’t correspond to a body temperature of 6000K (5726.9ºC) but just around 1000°C
Find a correspondence here:
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/tempering-colors-steel-d_1530.html
Dear Andre Blum:
The visits will need the permission of the owner of the plant. When visits will be allowable, we will check all the requests.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear eernie1, Dear Steven N. Karels,
The melting point of Tungsten (Wolfram), used in lightbulbs is 3695K.
Very interesting to read in your comments that it is not all black-body radiation.
Andrea Rossi mentioned that there is also “strange energy” that was discovered as a serendipity.
He also wrote that it is impossible to certificate a Hot-Cat for domestic use. Maybe some other interferences do come from this new source, that conflict with existing regulations. What and how much of this remains a secret. Of course.
To measure the total energy coming from the Hot-Cat in all forms may be difficult.
Some of the energy flows may not be continuous, and when measuring instruments are used that take samples, the samples should at least be representative for the average (or true-rms) values all the time and over the entire “spectrum” of energy coming from the Hot-Cat.
To document a report that withstands criticism from all over the world is not a sinecure. It is better to do all the possible tests and measurements you can think of, and if the results are not identical, you have to do the necessary research to explain exactly why they are not identical, and how you can define what is right and what could be wrong, and also document this.
The year before I was born, mankind took a giant leap on the moon. Everybody was watching. Imagine the criticism that would have happened if it was “allmost” on the moon.
The good-old-heat-exchanger-with-delta-t-and-the-flow could be the better choice. Again. But it is thinkable that this has been done long time ago, since it is already for sale. I think that a working 1MW installation looks a bit like a steel container that stands on a floor, and is connected with tubes and pumps. But anyway, it may “feel” different as it can save a part of the world that we know.
Kind Regards,
Koen
Dear Mr Rossi,
May I recommend putting Frank Acland of E-CatWorld on the invitation list for visiting the first non-military 1 MW plant? As a daily reader of his site, I for one will be happy to contribute to his expenses.
Best regards,
Andre Blum
Dear eernie1,
Assuming you are correct on a nuclear/electron interaction, this would have occurred inside the eCat reactor and therefore not be observable outside the eCat. Any light emissions most likely came from the surface of the inside cylindrical cavity of the eCat. The inside cylindrical cavity surface emissivity would affect the spectral content of the emitted light energy. Yellow light could not penetrate the eCat wall.
Dear Steven Karels,
The colors of the photograph seem to me to be quite consistant.I see the red of a 1000 degree black body and the grey and black shades as indicative of expected metallic reflections.I cannot invision a color shift of the yellow portion of the photo up from any black body emission eminating from a black body temperature which would not melt the device.Yellow peaks about 6000K.There must be electron emission other than black body.Some sort of nuclear/electron interaction must be occuring.
Dear Prof. Brian Josephson:
The work of the Indipendent Third Party probably will finish in March. The publication probably will be made by the end of March or close to it and it will be made whatever the results, indipendently from us. In the meantime we are completing the construction of the first non military 1 MW plant. You are in the list of the persons that will be invited to visit it. The timing of their work does not depend on me: you are among the most important scientists of the World and a Nobel Prize, so you know perfectly how can work a validation of a thing that is as complex as ours.
In the meantime we are completing the construction of the first 1 MW plant for civil operation. You are in the list of the scientists that will be invited to visit it.
Thank you for your attention.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Koen Vandewalle:
We all are working very hard. We must be fast, but also we have not to make mistakes.
Warmest Regards,
A.R.
Dear eernie1,
Since the Hot eCat did not have a window as you suggested, the color of the picture could only be related to the blackbody radiation of the interior hole at elevated temperature. In addition, the color of a camera picture can be affected by many things. I work with color calibration and unless it is properly done, color shifts can be seen.
But agree with you suggestion of an optical window to observe the reaction(s) within eCat. However, if the primary reaction is nuclear or near-nuclear, the wavelengths directly produced will probably be too short to pass through the window and all you would see would be the blackbody (temperature) related radiation.
Dear Andrea,
Let’s hope that two months is enough.
I hope that your Partner doesn’t let you down.
Keep courage, take care of security, but do not forget to have fun !
Best Regards,
Koen
In view of the repeated and unexplained delays, it would be comforting to those wondering what is happening if your Third Party would issue their own announcement, summarising progress or otherwise. Perhaps this view, which I am sure is shared by many others, can be passed on to them.
Dear Eernie1:
Thank you for your insight.
As you know, I cannot talk about what happens inside the reactor.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Ing Rossi,
Some time ago,I asked you if you had ever created a window in your 10kw E-cat to observe the interior of your device while operating.Having worked in the field of physical chemistry for many years,I have discovered that the spectrum of emitted or absorbed visible energy involved in the formation or mechanisms of physical phenomena can tell a trained observer much about what is occuring.You replied “that you had but you could not reveal what you saw because of propriety reasons”.This indicated to me that some sort of visible spectrum was noted.Since the device was operating well below a temperature that would produce black body visible energy,the energy would have to be emitted from either free electrons(plasma)or excited bound electron configurations.When you allowed a color picture of your Hot Cat to be published,some very interesting information was revealed.First of all,the visible radiation consisted of a very bright yellow glow surrounded by a cherry red halo.The red energy was what to be expected from a black body operating at a temperature of approximately 1000 degrees(electric stove element)but the yellow portion would correspond,if black body,to approximately 5700K(sun surface temp). Since this would have melted your device,it is safe to assume the energy came from electron sources either free plasma or excited energy levels.Where ever,it is obvious to me that electrons must be intimately involved in any process of LENR.It appears to me that electron manipulation is much easier than neutron or proton involvement in releasing the nuclear energy required for over unity production.Perhaps electron clusters or plasmon fields operating in tuned cavities created by the nickel particles of proper dimensions.Does the hydrogen in the nickel lattice act like the dopants in a semiconductor?
Dear Sergei:
The publisher of the book of Prof. Sergio Focardi is
Casa Editrice Ambrosiana- Milano.
Another suggestion:
Collective Electrodynamics – Carver A. Mead, Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, 2000
Warm Regards,
Andrea Rossi
Dear Mr Rossi,
Thank you very much for the recommendations, I will definitely put those titles on my to-get list. Studying will not be a problem at all. The only problem is that I can’t seem to find Prof. Focardi’s book that you mention, and I checked 20 different online book stores. But I’ll definitely look again later.
Best Regards,
Sergei
Sergei wrote in February 17th, 2013 at 11:31 AM
Mr Guglinski,
In any case, did you publish your paper on arxiv, and if so, can you post us the link?
Best Regards,
Sergei
Dear Sergei,
My paper is not in arxiv, but I cannot comment what I intend to do.
In 2012 I and the Cambridge International Science Publishing had signed an agreement for the publication of my book The Missed U-turn, and I had commented it here in the Rossi’s blog.
Consequence: the editor Victor Riecansky was threatened by the comunity of physicists, and my book has not been published (in spite of I have the agreement signed by Victor).
In the right time you and everybody will have access to the reading of my paper
Regards
WLAD
Dear Sergei:
Final part of my answer to your questions: the book that is not the one I prefer, but the one that has been more useful to me is
Nuclear Models – Prof Walter Greiner, Prof. Joachim A. Maruhn, Berlin 2008
Warning: is not easy, it’s studying, not reading.
You forgot to ask me a reading for Math: a real jewel is the short but complete and intense book of Prof. Sergio Focardi “Summary Of Mathematics” ( Milan, 1997).
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Adelheid J. Bohm:
The third party’s indipendent tests will be published indipendently from our opinion and indipendently from the results. I cannot make an abstract because I have no idea of what the Professors will write.
Please send to your sister my best wishes and thank you for your enthusiasm. I will try not to disappoint you.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Sergei:
Two other good books I found useful:
The interpretation of quantum mechanics- Roland Omnes, Princeton 1994
QED – Silvan S. Schweber, Princeton 1994
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Wladimir, Regards your communications with the (EPJA) and The Journal Nature. This is how I read their replies. See dictionary, ‘state of the art’ – current stage of development or knowledge. Current – belonging to the current time.
The Journal Nature. They only publish material of a General Understanding. It does not necessarily have to be correct to get published. Thereby, because your work is of a specialist nature it does not provide their readers an advancement with regards the General Understanding at this particular present level. Reference to specialist journal. Specialist – one who devotes himself. With regards the reference to journal perhaps they could suggest one.
What these two journals infer with regards your manuscript, if you read the wording carefully, is that you are a man ‘before your time’ i.e. too advanced for the present accepted level of understanding that they are currently actively promoting. Also do not forget editors HAVE to keep within specific guidelines no matter how anomalous the lines may appear. You are obviously very frustrated by their decisions but you are not alone, there are many others in similar situations that dare to challenge the accepted norms. Obviously they have their reasons for not publishing but they are not going to tell you. All the best and keep up the good work. Regards Eric Ashworth.
Mr Guglinski,
My mistake, I read your comment again and it seems that you were referring to the falsification, rather than confirmation of a theory. Sorry about that, I think I got tricked by the way you worded it. In any case, did you publish your paper on arxiv, and if so, can you post us the link?
Best Regards,
Sergei
Dear Dr. Rossi,
My sister was in the audience at your E-cat presentation in Zurich and she came from there with a great admiration for you and with a contagious enthusiasm. Time passes by and now we both are waiting for the results of the Hot Cat 3rd party test. We understand that it cannot be published but what about a 25 words abstract?
All the best to you,
Adele and Gudrun B.
Dear Steven N. Karels:
I totally agree upon your comment.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
It is human nature to be impatient, especially toward something in which we believe. It must be doubly frustrating for you, as you have no control in the content nor the timing of the release of information. We all must be patient and hope that the third party analysis is done in a fair and competent manner. If done in this way, it may be a catalyst in accelerating eCat acceptance and implementation.
Dear Neri B.:
The third indipendent party tests do not depend from me, therefore I am not able to answer to your questions. Timing of tests, publications of the tests also do not depend from me.
As for your friends who are impatient, you can ask them why they are so impatient with us, while they have not been and still are not impatient toward what follows: they paid and still pay with their taxes the nuclear fusion prototype – plants made by the Majors, which still are eating billions of euros, while we didn’t get from the Taxpayers a single cent.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Sergei wrote in February 16th, 2013 at 10:33 PM
Dear Mr Guglinski,
You state that an experiment “proved [your] assertion”. Are you aware of the fact that an experiment cannot prove anyone’s assertion, it can only support it? Just a friendly recommendation to change some wording in your paper…
Where did I state it, Sergei?
What I know is that said by Einstein: “all the experiments that corroborate a theory cannot prove that it is correct, but one unique experiment can prove it be wrong”.</i.
This is just the case of all the theories based on the principles of the Standard Nuclear Physics.
The excited 6C12 prove that all they are wrong
Regards
WLAD
Dear Andrea,
could you please tell us, if you wish, on what these further delays of the third party test depend on?
I mean your device seems to be really simple in the functioning. Does it take “weeks” to get a reliable result? Are they performing long run test of some weeks of continuos operations?
Hopefully on March there won’t be further delays or i will not have any more words to sustain “skeptics” attacks from my friends. 🙂
By the way how is going the delivery of the plant?
Keep the job. Crossed fingers.
Neri B.
Dear Mr Rossi,
Thank you for the info, I will check those books out, they look pretty good.
Dear Mr Guglinski,
You state that an experiment “proved [your] assertion”. Are you aware of the fact that an experiment cannot prove anyone’s assertion, it can only support it? Just a friendly recommendation to change some wording in your paper…
Best Regards,
Sergei
Andrea Rossi wrote in February 16th, 2013 at 5:23 PM
Dear Wladimir Guglinski:
Clearly the question is for the Author.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
actually it’s IMPOSSIBLE from any nuclear model (based on the current principles of the Classic Nuclear Physics) to explain how excited 6C12 can have spin i=2 and magnetic moment zero.
Because the proton has mag.mom= +2,793, and the neutron has mag.mom= -1,913.
It’s IMPOSSIBLE (from any combination of the values +2,793 and -1,913) to get a null magnetic moment and spin i=2.
Therefore, by considering the current principles of the Standard Nuclear Physics, it’s IMPOSSIBLE to explain the nuclear properties of the excited 6C12.
The magnetic moment zero and spin i=2 of the excited 6C12 is explained in the sequence of figures 26, 27, 28, and 29 of my paper On the Stability, Magnetic Moments, Nuclear Spins, and Electric Quadrupole Moments of Light Nuclei with Z < 9 – Part One
Regards
WLAD
Dear Lou:
Hot Cat, for now.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Wladimir Guglinski:
Clearly the question is for the Author.
Warm Regards,
A.R.