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by
U.V.S.Seshavatharam
Honorary faculty, I-SERVE, Alakapuri,
Hyderabad-35, AP, India
Email: seshavatharam.uvs@gmail.com
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S. Lakshminarayana
Dept. of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam-03, AP, India
Email: lnsrirama@gmail.com
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Abstract
During Ni-H collisions, proton (of the hydrogen atom) combines with the Nickel nucleus and electron (of the hydrogen atom) combines with the Nickel electronic shell and forms Copper with no emission of alpha or beta or gamma rays.
or mole number of such Ni-H atomic fusions, as hydrogen atom is losing its identity, binding energy of electron is converted into heat energy of ~1.3×106 joules.
As the temperature of the system increases, more number of hydrogen atoms may fuse with more number of Nickel atoms liberating more heat energy.
Selection of the target cold fusion atom seems to follow the condition: selected stable atom’s Z+1 is a new stable element with odd atomic number.
Fineness of the Ni powder may help H atoms to fuse with ease causing more number of Ni-H fusions.
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BroKeper:
You got it!
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Aso, now I see; I bow to the master. Allow me to interject: humans cannot yet conceive existence without time and space depending on final positive/negative test results. 🙂
Thank you.
BroKeeper
George Howard:
Thank you for your delightful words.
Thank you for the suggestion: I will start reading the new very interesting book of David Mc Cullogh’s on the Wright Brothers in the next days, during the long nights in the plant.
I have been many times in the Cafè Luna, for obvious reasons, and I will comply.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Alexvs:
Yes, please go to the Lugano report for the results of the SIMS ( secondary ions mass spectrometry). I cannot add further information.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Mr. Rossi
I have revised the calculations of Drs. Seshavatharam and Lakshminarayana starting from the most abundant Ni58.
In the analysis of ashes, supposing you have made it by mass-spectrometry, have you analized chemically the 59 atomic mass?
Might be the longlived Ni59 involved in Rossi Effect?
Greetings.
Andrea, I am a resident of Raleigh, NC and have been an obsessive follower of reports concerning your progress. To date I have only lurked, but I feel compelled today to tell you how thrilled I am that North Carolina will play a host role in this accomplishment. I am a fan of the Wright Brothers, who toiled in obscurity as well, years after announcing their success (and flying regularly in NC and their hometown). So, I must ask, have you read David McCullough’s new best seller on the Wrights, and perhaps found some comfort and encouragement therein? Love to grab a bite one day, maybe Cafe Luna on Hargett for some linguini and clams?
Salute, sir!
BroKeeper:
Is your crystal ball electrically powered ?
If yes: it does not answer because it belongs to an existential system wherein the grid is intrinsecally unavoidable: it cannot conceive a grid free existence, as well as humans cannot conceive existence without space and time.
If not, it cannot conceive, for the same reason, a grid.
This is why it did not answer: your questions are out of the system of knowledge it can conceive.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven N. Karels:
Surely the mass will be measured, as well as it has been measured when we charged the E-Cats.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Frank Acland:
Believe me: we are working very strong to prepare the manufacturing in massive quantities of the E-Cats, even if we still have brakes pulled due to the fact that we still do not know if the final results of the tests on course wil be positive or negative. How much time will be necessary, assumed F9>0 ? Not easy to say, but we will not lose time. Somebody will be very surprised about the speed of our action.
F9.
By the way: now it is 09.40 p.m. of Sat Aug 15, I am in the plant, the 1 MW E-Cat is stable, the E-Cat X is still very promising. This shortens by 1 day the distance from the OTS day ( OTS = Off The Shelf).
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Should the test in progress prove successful, how long do you think it will it take you to transition from the testing phase to production and sales phase?
I am wondering if your team is actively preparing for commercialization right now, or if those preparations will start only when the test is completed.
Many thanks!
Frank Acland
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Without regards to the MWh issue, do you plan to measure the mass of the 250kW eCat reactors at the end of the testing? Or do you believe it to be a waste of time and why?
Dear Andrea,
I followed your advice and kept asking my Fish Bowl crystal ball the same question: ”will the E-Cat lead to a grid-less society”. Strange, I got both “positive” and “negative” oscillating answers (very fishy). It appears it is running off a type of QM Rossi Effect. Or perhaps an answer is pending until Christmas. 🙂
BroKeeper
Tom Conover:
Thanks for your kind words.
Allow me: megawatthour should be written MWh: M= Mega, m= milli; W is from the name of Dr Watt, the scientist. Not a very important issue, but today is “Feriae Augusti”, time to rest and reflect.
Chance to wish Buon Ferragosto to my fellow Italians ( I ignore if August 15th is a holiday outside Italy, where it is a religious celebration of the “Immacolata” and is derived, as I said above, from the Roman pagan celebration of the Feriae Augusti, in honour of the emperor Augustus).
About the name of our product: thank you for your suggestion, but we’ll stick on ” E-Cat X”
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven N. Karels:
He,he,he..
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Your comment about 1 gram of matter to energy = 25mwh of energy (E=MC2 Albert Einstein) inspired me to ask you to remember Marie Curie and Albert Einstein forever with your wonderful new inspiration that is still working today! (Thank you for the update.) The first model provided (#1) you with even more inspiration so you created model #2 of the new E-Cat. So then (Marie Curie + Version 2 {MC2}) and/or (Albert Einstein {E=MC2}) gives you the perfect new name for your creation: The E-Cat:MC2. This is an appropriate model number configuration from a marketing perspective too. I hope you and your team agree that this honors your predecessors properly!
Yours truly,
Tom
Dear Andrea Rossi,
E = mc**2
M = 1 gram
C = 2.99792E+10 cm/sec
E = 8.988E+20 ergs
1 erg = 1.0E-7 Joules
E = 8.9876E+13 Joules
1 Joule = 2.7777778E-10 MWH
E = 24.965E+3 MWh
What’s a factor of 1,000 among friends? He, he…
Steven N. Karels, Arnie:
C’m on: 1 g of matter entirely converted into energy gives 25 MWh of energy (from Einstein equation).
Start from here, which is simpler, and remake your math.
You can get solace, anyway, because what you wrote means you are well educated: education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Estimate the Mass Loss of a 250 kW eCat reactor Running for 350 days
Time in seconds = 350 days * 86400 sec / day = 3.024E+7 sec
1 gram of matter completely converted into energy yields 8.9876E+13 Joules
a 250kW eCat reactor outputs 0.25E+6 J/sec
Total energy output of one eCat operating for 350 days = 0.25E+6 * 3.024E+7 J = 7.56E+12 Joules
Total mass converted to energy = 7.56E+12 J / 8.9876E+13 J/gram = 0.08412 grams
or approximately 1/10 of a gram of matter is lost.
I assume you measured the mass of the eCat reactor(s) before beginning the test? Assuming a 5 kilogram mass for a 250kW eCat reactor, then the ratio of the mass lost to the starting mass would be around 1.7E-5. A difficult measurement plus environmental factors might overshadow the mass change (i.e., moisture, oxidation, other factors).
Marco:
Thank you for your insight, but the situation is much more complex.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Lars:
I cannot yet give data related to the E-Cat X. By the way, in this moment, 7.40 a.m. of Saturday August 15, I am working with it.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Arnie:
Just remake the math, starting from E= mc^2.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Fred Mann:
Thank you for the information. I am very curious to read the theory from Airbus and surely the fact that our work has moved this coossal concern honours us.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Andrea Rossi:
Did you read on Ecatworld the press release of Airbus, that sustains the theoretical bases of your work in the LENR?
You meved the giants! Congratulations,
Fred
Dear mr Rossi.
In your answer to Steven you mention information already well known that makes his calculations incorrect. When using the well known formula e=mc2 I also get the astonishing answer 0.08 grams of mass loss for each reactor.
(250000x60x60x24x350/300000000^2)x1000 (for result in grams)
Perhaps you are referring to the total amount of fuel used? Or what information are we missing?
Thank you for the efforts you make to satisfy our curiosity!
Dear Andrea,
do you think from what you have seen so far from E-cat x that it will give enough power for one unit to cover a household need or do you think it will have smaller applications?
The target of the Tesla batteries is to go off grid, having solar panels and/or wind turbines, and optionally a generator when low on wind and sun… I know that in Italy is forbidden by law to go off-grid because of taxes on energy production, but in more advanced countries this should be convenient, otherwise Elon Musk did not mass produce the tesla batteries…
I am talking of a couple of 10Kwh Tesla batteries backed up by an Ecat to power an entire house… Not just a tv!
Dear Charlie Sutherland
I was a HV grid engineer and took the brave step of change to become a telecom test engineer before it’s all too late to adapt to “the brave new world”.
Thanks for your insight
Ian
Steven N. Karels:
I cannot give information about the charge, but allow me to tell you that your calculation is pretty wrong. Remake the equations… using the information already well known.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
If you successfully complete the 350 days of operation at 1 MW thermal output using the four 250kW eCat reactors, I estimate that each eCat reactor will have lost about 1/10 of a gram of mass. Do you think you will be able to measure that difference? What is the approximate mass of the 250kW eCat reactor unit?
Peter Metz:
I suppose a report will be made.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Paul:
Good point.
Warm Regards
.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Congratulation to you and your team on getting to the half-way point in your 1 year operational test. At this point even if the test ultimately does not meet operational goals (F9 etc) it looks like you and your team have achieved something the world has never seen. My question is even if the results eventually are negative, do you think that will there be a detailed report of the results? Even a failure can be quite astonishing.
Thank you and I hope everything continues well with the 1MW plant.
Sincerely,
Peter Metz
Andrea,
Only if the battery you are charging is currently powering the car.
Paul
Paul:
If the E-Cat is in operation while the car goes to charge its battery, it is part of the powertrain. Totally different is the issue if you make the recharge at home.
F9.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Andrea,
You do not need to certify it as an automotive powertrain, just as a battery charger.
What does it matter if you recharge a battery in your garage or when you are parked at work or when you are driving down the road?
Paul
Charlie Sutherland:
Thank you for your insight.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Charlie Sutherland:
Thank you for your insight.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Paul:
The excess heat is not the issue. The issue is the certification ( not less than 20 years).
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Anthony Mason:
“…we have to divide up our time between our politics and our equations. But to me our equations are far more important, for politics are only a matter of present concern, while a mathematical equation stands for ever” ( Albert Einstein )
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
E-Cat, LENR, and the innovations that will, I believe, rapidly come upon us all will render the Grids of the world obsolete. The Grids represent the last centralized concentration of power and and political influence we shall see for quite a while.
Portable, self-starting, LENR generators of convenient sizes and configurations for their particular use will be everywhere on the market and all the rage. The final stages of civilization or lack thereof will be upon us.
The regulators can mandate the survival of the girds to their hearts’ content, but that will not save them. Think of what clever people will do with their portable generators and how little work will be necessary to purchase the fuel cells that keep them alive and running. And think of what those generators will soon do for ordinary folks who now toil for the things they will soon provide.
It will be most difficult to hold on to intellectual property rights from the millions of free folks who will eventually determine they do not need the governments of the world to provide anything or guarantee those particular property rights. Governments will not be able to govern. Free Energy freely obtained and completely portable will turn loose the curiosity and innovations of ordinary folks and strip away the powers of the states.
Yes, there will be change. I have no idea where it will eventually take us.
Welcome to the “Brave New World”
All the Best,
Charlie
Andrea,
Could you run a e-cat X in the trunk of your car (Tesla, Nissan Lief, Volt, Toyota Prius Plug-in), or would getting rid of the excess heat be a problem?
Paul
Dear Dr. Andrea Rossi:
Do you think politics could make easier useful your equations?
Anthony
Frank Acland:
Now it’s 11 a.m. of August 14t .
The 1MW E-Cat is working well, even if we have to make corrections now and again. About the time elapsing you are right.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
BroKeeper:
Take your crystall ball from the pet shop, dial on it ” what to do with an E-Cat in a gridless society” an get your answer. As a bonus you can also ask about the weather on next Christmas Day.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
The subject of a grid-less society often comes up. Not having your crystal ball yet could you foresee, using your intuitive powers, a possibility the E-Cat could evolve our electrical dependence to a distributive one within this century? If so wouldn’t an electrical feedback loop be warranted.
By-the-way I found an inexpensive crystal ball in the pet shop that has given me very good 50% reliability to negative or positive answers. On top its model number is labeled “fish bowl”.
BroKeeper
Dear Andrea,
How does the 1 MW plant perform at the moment? Am I right that today is day 175 of its run (based on your comment of July 7th, when you said it had run for 136 days so far)?
Many thanks!
Frank Acland
Marco:
For the same reason why nobody buys a battery to be connected to an inverter to power a TV set or any other household appliance: it would be a pointless waste of money and energy. Could be useful in remote situations, where no grid is available, though.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Some time ago some of us asked you to produce an Ecat with a battery that is used to start and sustain the reaction and as a buffer. Aside of the problems of DC current, that can be solved with an inverter, you stated that for safety reasons the input power for the Ecat must be provided from the grid.
My question is that when the Ecat will go on the shelfs, everyone can buy the components to do a closed loop of battery-inverter-Ecat-generator-battery, so why not produce and sell directly a final product like this?
Richard Elstrom:
If we are lucky, your dream is not impossible.
The E-Cat X seems good. F9: dream or nightmare?
Warm Regards,
A.R.
James Rovnak:
Thak you for your insight.
Maybe your definition has right of citizenship.
Warm Regards,
A.R.