United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

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40,385 comments to United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

  • Andrea Rossi

    Eernie1:
    Not to mention the Sahara that was similar to Amazonia. But, still, I think that mankind must give their contribution, limiting carbon dioxide emissions. The fact that if you shoot a man the bullet is the main cause of his problems does not mean you can kick his head as much as you want.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Judy

    Dr Rossi:
    I watched again the video on youtube of the November 24 2017 demo of the Ecat QX at the IVA of Stockholm: this too is a page of history.
    All the best,
    Judy

  • eernie1

    Dear Andrea,
    To the readers of your site who are concerned about climate change,I would suggest investigating why Greenland and its melting ice cap was called Greenland by the Vikings that discovered it. Change is natural and we survive.
    Ancient regards.

  • Andrea Rossi

    F.G.:
    2.5
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Aaron:
    USA and Japan.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Rod Walton:
    Thank you for the info,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Rod Walton

    On Power Engineering July 23 2019:
    Hawaiian Utility seeking 900 MW renewables for islands
    Rod Walton

  • Aaron

    Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
    Which Countries are located in the main suppliers you buy from the components of the Ecat ?

  • F.G.

    Watching the plasma on http://www.ecatskdemo.com: the Maxwellian you obtain can be similar to a Maxwellian, but it is impossible it is perfectly equal: which factor of conversion you use to calculate the temperature?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Giuliano Bettini:
    Thank you for your suggestion and best wishes for your health !
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Franco Pirri:
    I agree.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Drew G.:
    Thank you for the link. We have contacts yet with concrete industries.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Drew G.

    Dr. Rossi:

    You may find this article of interest: https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/22/investing/cement-climate-change/index.html Has Leonardo explored opportunities in the concrete industry?

  • Franco Pirri

    Dr Rossi,
    Good idea to put the control system of the Ecat SK inside a Faraday cage:
    1- it serves also as an antitheft
    2- it is a shield against reverse engineering attempts
    3- it is a shield against electronic attacks
    By the way: I am an expert in these fields.
    Congratulations for the impressive revolution you are carrying on.
    Best regards,
    Franco Pirri

  • Giuliano Bettini

    Dear Andrea, I follow little the latest developments due to quite heavy health problems. So, have patience, as usual I don’t want to bother you, but nevertheless this morning I read this comment on the Fb group “Colf Fusion, LENR and Andrea Rossi”:
    “How can you slave away (as it appears) day and night working on this product with such a small team? Why not get the brightest minds on the planet working on this? If you have what you claim, it shouldn’t be difficult to prove and you would be famous for all time for having solved the earth’s energy and climate crisis”.
    Now let’s forget the sentence “If you have what you claim”.
    And leave it aside too “it shouldn’t be difficult to prove” and “you would be famous for all time”.
    However, to borrow words from David Hestenes, “it is interesting and perhaps not entirely irrelevant to note” the reference to the brightest minds on the planet and to solving the energy climate crisis. Or at least the energy crisis.
    Ok, well, just a morning thought. Good work.
    Giuliano Bettini.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Sam:
    Thank you for the link,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Eric Ashworth,
    Thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • eric ashworth

    Dear Andrea, I notice you are still receiving questions as to how LENRs can occur and therefore with regards the LENR phenomenon I cannot help but wonder why gravity is not mentioned as a necessary part of the process, maybe it has been and I have missed it but I do have my own thoughts on gravity, LENRs. and how gravity is, I believe, an important aspect of the phenomena.

    Many people are of the opinion that LENRs are a result of a fusion activity but my own thoughts are that it could be of a dual activity involving both a level of incomplete fusion with a degree of fission. If you examine many reactions you will find various degrees of fission and fusion at play (oscillations are degrees of). Even within the atom fission and fusion as an activity is present. This is no reference to total but partial degrees of within oscillations that maintain a state of coherence as a stable or unstable neutral and that provide a necessary insulation between atoms (an oscillating barrier of negative potential that upon being forced close enough together can lock/bond due to the gravity values/potentials of the two interacting structures. If we look at thunderstorms or an electrical current that produce both heat and light two things become apparent, one being the necessity of two potentials and the other being an interaction by an entanglement of both potentials to produce both the heat and the light but with the entanglement comes a degree of insulation in the form of a gap created by like poles/charges repel, unlike poles/charges attract. Thereby as the positive short wave charge moves into the negative long wave charge zone it transmutes becoming negative i.e. it loses size and gains volume only to be rejected (positive and negative effects are caused by gravitational values of the charges i.e. gravity dictates the charge and thereby rejection creates a gap which is a value of gravity. Same thing happens with coulomb barrier of nuclei/ particles and those exterior electron barriers of the atom (all maintain an identity by the phenomena of inherent movement/oscillations). All that is needed is an external source of a pos/neg interaction to create a value of gravity so as to draw two structures close enough together so as to entangle their barriers. Negative charges exist due to their weak gravitational fields unlike positive charges. Consequently, charges closest to a source of gravity are positive and those further away negative. Positive moves into negative because positive exists under pressure, it could be said, interactions to be a phenomena of displacement. This activity of attraction and repulsion of charges due entirely to gravity values does, dependent upon circumstances, create structure either of a virtual nature i.e. fleeting of a weak gravity or actual of a strong gravity i.e. long lasting or you could say of poor quality or good quality which depends upon the gravity value of the structure. I believe this requires further explanation:

    What I believe needs to be considered is gravity and its connection to energy and that to maintain energy requires a container/structure held in format by gravity. Consequently, philosophy, I believe, can help, explain what I consider a base interaction between gravity being space devoid of matter and space containing matter. Gravity exists within space as pockets of emptiness and within structure comprised of matter. It therefore exists upon two dimensions, one being enclosed within a structure and one being enclosed between structures. Gravity can be considered an associate of the infinite and matter an associate of the finite. When the finite entraps the infinite a potential of energy will be present as long as the force of the gravity exists and that of which can be considered as a life force that provides the structure with a degree of quality or you could say structural tenacity, related directly to a measure of longevity. The entrapment can either be within a cell i.e. matter or between cells i.e. matter and depending which the infinite is surrounded by either positive charges or negative charges. Both aspects rely upon like poles/charges repel and thereby maintain a value of gravity and an order of structure. What gravity does, is it ties a knot of energy, the strength of which depends upon the value of the gravity acting upon the charges. Charges can be looked upon as tiny knots of energy formed from the finite being neutrinos whereas atoms are huge knots of energy structured by charges. Thereby charges contain a potential whereas a neutrino has no potential because it contains no gravity. In conclusion: to study energy one must study gravity or recognize energy as a gravity value and gravity as a value of energy. To continue we must look at LENRs with an emphasis on gravity and not just the substance aspect.

    We all know the coulomb barrier prevents/inhibits a nuclear interaction from occurring between substance/nuclei under normal conditions and thereby insulates/provides identity of a duration being an aspect of quality which is entirely dependent upon location i.e. is it a positive of good quality or a negative of good quality. This is where you need both potentials to make an assessment or create a reaction with a measurable value. Also we must ask the question could nature contain an intended design to overcome the coulomb barrier. Well I think nature contains everything there is to be, in other words nature does indeed overcome the coulomb barrier by incremental increases in the evolutionary force i.e. from periphery to point/dead centre of the progenitor field. Man can, I believe, duplicate this reaction on a minute scale producing LENRs. Well every structure contains a barrier of a coulomb potential and thereby exhibits a quality/gravity value reflected in the value of the coulomb. Do planets exhibit coulomb barriers, of course they do, the barrier is a necessary part of nature to provide identity, something Einstein pondered about as to why matter does not flow together. My own thoughts are that he knew but could not dwell upon the subject for reasons of confidentiality. The barrier is a moving wave of free particles that responds to the poles of the structure and the value of the gravity within (charge potentials have structure) Consequently when two minor structures/containers of a negative/positive potential are within close proximity, within an interacting pos/neg entanglement of a high gravity value there is an induced entanglement between the two minor structures of their barriers and that produces a reaction within a reaction/harmonizing of frequency between the minor and the major gravity values producing an economy flow system within the major gravity value and virtual particles being the interaction of the two minor structures (an economy flow system responds to the negative potential of an overriding major gravity value) Without the overriding influence of the outer container being of a volume dimension i.e. a super negative of its super positive the coulomb barriers of the minor structures would prevent an interaction from occurring. If the coulomb barrier could not be overcome Solar radiation would cease to exist. LENRs work in the same way. The trick is to get the positive/negative substance close together so that entanglement of their barriers becomes possible by applying an encapsulating strong positive negative interaction that creates the required gravity value for a LE. fusion/fission activity to occur between their fields i.e. an entanglement of oscillations In other words create a gravity zone into which the fields are drawn creating minor flux tubes within the major flux tube of the overriding positive/negative potential. Without a gravity value to create flux tubes within the barriers and induce a state of partial or full fusion no fission can occur and no energy released. Whether the barrier is between a charge, an atom or a planet the reaction relies upon an entanglement.

    The coulomb barrier and electron barrier responds to both gravity values i.e. the gravity within the charge or the container being the substance and the gravity outside of the container being the gravity within which the structure exists.

    When you bring two substances/containers close together you are creating a third phenomena midway between being an envelope of gravity which represents the necessary alternative aspect of nature which is substance. The barriers prevent entanglement but when in the presence of a higher gravity value, the barriers are pulled together and become entangled producing heat and light (think of an electric light bulb where the filament represents a flux tube within upon which pos/neg potentials entangle). LENRs relies, I believe, upon this important phenomena when in the midst of an exterior activity that surrounds/contains a value of manufactured gravity. In other words bring two fields together from a positive and negative substance so that their barriers (could be termed coulomb even though not of nuclei) entangle. Then create a positive negative interaction to enclose the two substances within a single gravity value so as to entangle the barriers of the two substances. The gravity value of the exterior reaction exists from a central position between the major interacting flux tube of the exterior manufactured gravity value, thereby pulling both substances/barriers closer together and consequently creating minor flux tubes within the major by the entanglement of the two fields/substances. (same barriers as the coulomb only comprised of field energy of the substance not the substance itself). This interaction of the two barriers within the major flux tube creates minor flux tubes within the major entangled flux tube. It thereby provides for a gradation of flux tubes from the inner apex to the outer base of the major tube and out of which dependent upon the gravity value of the particular flux tube is emitted a particular particle of a specific gravity value, with a wave length into the negative zone in which the negative potential of the flux tube resides i.e. originates from. Obviously this is complicated so draw one cone base negative, apex positive and divide it into seven sections from top to bottom. This represents the overriding gravity values/flux tube of the overriding system (what system?. could be solar). Then position two planets at either end of the cone/flux tube positive one closest to apex, negative one closest to base and entangle their magnetic fields within the seven section of the cone. the magnetic fields can be compared to filaments that produce flux tubes emitting a specific wave length of light. This process is how the coulomb barrier is overcome to break down substance in a period of time over a distance i.e from base of cone to apex, its apex being where the absolute plank length is established. As a matter of interest the field/barrier surrounding a structure or the mobility of it as in the case of a charge represents what is referred to as the economy flow system. Consequently the more defined the flow, the greater the economy and the greater the economy the better the quality of the substance. I believe LENRs rely upon this process to overcome the coulomb barrier i.e. a perfectly natural normal reaction. It could be asked can this process be demonstrated in a mechanical situation?. The answer is yes, because it has been but it is not allowed because it reveals a deep seated mystery from which many remarkable other scientific discoveries could be made. Regards Eric Ashworth.
    P.S. What I have mentioned only deals with one gravity value i.e. one cone of gravity. In nature there are four minor cones/zones that issue out from a central point with a combined gravity of magnitude four and into eventually which all structures are subsequently drawn and ultimately destroyed by a fusion/fission activity. This is what man has eventually to overcome. Very difficult to explain but worth considering.

  • Sam

    Sorry about that Andrea.

    Actually there is a good quip and
    a good quote in the video.

    https://youtu.be/m2sr6n6JWhc

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Readers:
    Please go to
    http://www.rossilivecat.com
    to find comments published today in other posts of this blog.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Sam:
    You forgot the link !
    Please send it,
    Warm regards,
    A.R.

  • Sam

    Hello DR Rossi

    This is a link to an interesting
    video with a priceless quote
    from Albert Einstein.

    Regards
    Sam

  • Andrea Rossi

    Roberta:
    Always.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Reality Check:
    Thank you for the suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Reality Check

    Dear Andrea,

    Is the revenues-expenditures of your heat provisioning activity a positive or a negative value?

    If positive, why don’t you ask to an external 3rd-party consulting company to certify that your activity generates revenues? This would independently validate that you are gaining from “some” source of energy. Given that you don’t hide an oilfield in your cellar, it would imply that you have some energy source.
    We still do not have an independent validation of what you have, you have to concede that.

    Kind regards,

    RealityCheck

  • Roberta

    Dr Rossi,
    I notice that when the puppetts shoot at you, you shoot back only at the puppetteer.

  • Marco

    @Chuck Davis

    for a terrestrial application I agree. I was thinking at more widespread applications. For aereospatial application, I don’t agree. Think of a probe: i would have at least three Ecats each with at least three batteries, because space is harsh and appliance failure is not uncommon. Even if on a probe or a mars rover you have solar panels, i would not assume that they will be operative. A mars rover was lost because a sand storm covered the solar panels and the batteries drain out… If it had an ECat on board, with enough working batteries, it would have moved the solar panels to let the sand fall and return operative… If we are talking of a spacecraft with astronauts, or an airplane we can think to a standard ECat or double battery ECat, with spare parts on board, of course.

    Regards,
    Marco.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Irina and Vitaly Uzikov:
    Thank you for your importasnt attention to the work of our team. We are working very hard and your sustain is important to us.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Readres:
    Please go to
    http://www.rossilivecat.com
    to find comments published today in other posts of this blog,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Prof Joseph Fine:
    Thank you for the interesting link. I am not able to answer your question.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Chuck Davis

    @Marco:
    I think it’s enough a spare battery available,
    Best Regards,
    Chuck Davis

  • Joseph Fine

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    Dr. Frederick Mayer (Mayer Applied Research) recently published a paper on:

    ‘ A parametric heat flow model in the spherical earth ‘

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X19300133?via%3Dihub

    See also:

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X19300133?via%3Dihub#bib4 and,

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X19300133?via%3Dihub#bib5

    Abstract
    In this paper, we model the temperature profile of the Earth with two heat sources: the first is the interior source, generally understood by geophysicists as the primary, if not only, source; the second is a source closer to the surface, explained herein. The model temperature profiles with our chosen best-fit parameters are compared with data from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) to examine the relative sizes of the two sources; the near-surface source is found to be much larger than the interior source. If correct, the near-surface source could explain a number of paradoxes involving the heat coming from the Earth that have until now not been resolved.

    One of the conclusions is that:

    ” In conclusion, the assumption that the heat from the Earth has arisen from radioactive decay appears to be wrong even if all the radionuclides are located at a shallow depth of about 35 km. ”

    Do you think the Earth has been operating a long-running LENR operation beneath our feet?

    As his conclusions seem reasonable, do you wonder where the Helium-3 is coming from, other than the
    so-called ‘Primordial’ Helium, meaning that it was always there.

    Long-running regards,

    Joseph Fine

  • Irina and Vitaly Uzikov

    Dear Andrea!

    We are happy to watch the fantastic progress of your technology! The emergence of an electric EKAT will be a turning point in the global energy industry.

    With deepest respect,

    Irina and Vitaly Uzikov

  • Andrea Rossi

    Raffaele Bongo:
    The progress is real !!! ( How can you doubt about it ? )
    No, because a battery grants us the voltage and the amperage we need when we start up the Ecat. The battery is necessary only when we start and when we start the capacitor could be not charged.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Marco:
    Thank you for your suggestions !!!
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Raffaele Bongo

    Hello A. Rossi

    The electric E-Cat seems to be in a very good development path and requires a battery with very low energy capacity for start-up.

    Could this boot also be obtained with a super capacitor that would be automatically recharged by the E-Cat?

    All my support for your job.
    Congratulations on the (1-6) tennis.
    I hope that progress is real and that it is not a small weakness of Ms. Rossi.
    Best regards
    Raffaele

  • Andrea Rossi

    Hermes:
    Our control system is actually inside a Faraday cage, not just for protection against solar storms, but for other reasons, albeit maybe you touched a good point…I didn’t think about that.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Gerard McEk:
    We are putting pressure on ourselves because what we are doing is important.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Gerard McEk

    Dear Andrea,

    Here is another question (just out of curiosity, like most of my questions I am afraid):
    You said more than often that you ‘are working like beasts’, and you are ‘under great pressure’ on the electrical E-cat. Did you put that pressure on yourself or is there another reason for this like:
    1. Your partner demands it
    2. Your customers want it
    3. Some economical reason
    4. Some other deadline
    I hope you will succeed soon, great success!
    Kind regards, Gerard

  • Hermes

    Dr Rossi,
    1- Do you think it is useful to put the Ecat SK-Leonardo in a Faraday cage to protect it from solar storms?
    2- When do you think the Ecat SK leonardo will be certified for households?
    Hermes

  • Marco

    Dear Andrea,

    I was thinking… The rechargeable battery should be very dependable, if you want to avoid to use the external grid. If the cost is not high, it is conceivable to replace the battery contextually with the charge, that I presume is to be replaced about each year? In this way, the client will have always a fresh and more dependable battery, that is the heart of the E-Cat. Also I suggest to use two or more batteries in parallel, with a diode to avoid current return and a fuse to automatically exclude short circuited batteries. In this way the E-Cat could work without grid if at least a battery is operative. You can also produce different models with different dependability rating: one battery, cheaper model, with a single point of failure (if the only battery fails you have to use the grid), two batteries, more dependable model, three batteries etc…

    Best regards,
    Marco.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Gerard McEk:
    We do not have yet a data sheet consolidated, much work has still to be done. The order of magnitude wouldn’t change, though. We are working under strong pressure. We are close.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Gerard McEk

    Dear Andrea,
    You said you can start the electrical E-cat in development with a small rechargeable AA battery. Is the heat output still 20 kW?
    Thank you for answering our questions.
    Kind regards, Gerard

  • Andrea Rossi

    Frank Acland:
    second answer:
    obviously the rechargeable batteries are recharged by the Ecat.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Frank Acland:
    Yes, to start the process.
    I am using presently Bonai rechargeable batteries.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Rick Meisinger:
    0- warning: it is not ready yet
    1- a small battery, for example AA rechargeable type, will be enough to start it
    2- not necessarily. It can be Off or On depending on the duty
    3- n.a.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Rick Meisinger

    Dr. Rossi;
    You recently stated that a permanently self-sustaining E-Cat would not need an external power source for startup.

    1. Would you consider a battery or mechanical start similar to a push button start on a gas grill an external power source?
    2. If answer to 1. is yes, is E-Cat always “on”?
    3. If answer to 2. is yes, when power is not needed does the control system put the E-cat in a “dormant” state that maintains a very low electrical field but enough for start up?

    Thank you if you can answer.

  • Frank Acland

    Dear Andrea,

    If successful, would the permanent-SSM E-Cat employ an internal rechargeable battery?

    Kind regards,

    Frank Acland

  • Andrea Rossi

    Lanny Wiltgen:
    2.5
    This means that the power calculated by the Wien and Boltzmann equations must be divided by a factor between 2 and 2.5. We adopt conservatively the 2.5 factor.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Giovanni:
    Yes, but the Casimir Effect is the less probable, due to the particular concomitance of events it needs, as it is well explained in the paper.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

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