Dr Rossi,
in the reference 49 of http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
E.P. Wigner says a statement that has a paramount importance for the theoretical hypothesis you make on your paper:
” The fact that nuclear reactions of the type 197Au+14N –> 198Au+13N take place at energies at which colliding nuclei do not come in contact is an interesting though little-advertised discovery “.
Comment ?
About the usability of the generated Eskl electric current a few working hypothesis:
Short term :
One solution could be a two step approach:
1) electricity generated from Ecat Skl is converted via electrolysis to Hydrogen. The latter is a process that should be able to be engineerd to cope with wide variations in voltage & frequency.
2) A fuelcell would generate stable electric DC current and AC current via converter.
This would be the fixed installation.
The house/fixed use electric AC needs would be covered.
For cars we could either :
– charge the battery with the DC current from the Fuelcell (knowing that there is a range limit/recharge speed limit which is problematic during peak trafic days).
– or use the H to drive with a Fuelcell. Refilling is possible within minutes. The ecats could generate H locally at gas;-)stations so there would be no need for a H fuel distribution network.
To store H generated by Ecat&Electrolysis in house should be dooable. To install and maintain a private H gasstation to fill the H in the cars tank is probably to costly. So I tend to think the second option is more realistic.
One other way could be flow batteries. They maybe could be able to better absorb wide voltage and frequency variations than classic lithium-ion batteries. If these can be made small/power dense enough so as to fit in a car trunk is another. Accelerations-deceleration could also be an issue.
But maybe there is an elegant way to tame the Eskl upfront via the sollicitation algorithms of the Skl itself ?
Ultimately this would be the best solution as otherwise I am afraid the classic Ecat with heat generation and turbine or other electric current generating process will be more (cost)efficient.
Dear Andrea, Another option would be to connect the ecat dc output to a grid-tie inverter and run your loads from the inverter output. This is probably the configuration that will be required for residential applications.
One of his inventions was a Tesla coil as a transmitter with three Tesla coils as a receiver. He claimed that the three Tesla coil receivers could be loaded without the Tesla coil transmitter drawing more power. If you do that experiment with four tesla coils and come to the same conclusion? Then you have the basis for a free energy generator which after conversion of radio waves to direct voltage can drive inductive loads such as direct current motors or why not an alternating current motor after a direct current to alternating current converter.
Since that invention in particular is described in text with images, it is not possible to apply for a patent on it. But one thing you can patent and that is the feedback between the transmitter coil and the receiver coils. Let’s say the efficiency is 300%. An input power of 1KW gives 3KW output power. This means that you must reconnect 1 KW from the receiver coils to the transmitter coil and the technology to do so was never described by Don Smith in pictures or text.
Even if you are a beginner in radio waves, resonance and high voltage, I recommend you read Don Smith theories, as they may help you improve your E-Cat SKL.
Read that your E-Cat SKL does not like inductive loads. Does your E-Cat SKL provide direct current or high frequency alternating current? If it is AC that does not like inductive loads, I recommend that you rectify AC to DC and then convert DC to low frequency AC to power low frequency motors.
Dear Andrea,
your answer to Heinz Sause push me to make a consideration. To build chips need a dedicated fab and an important structure not so easy to make. If you can answer, is maybe some of your partner a semiconductor industry?
Best Regards, Giuseppe
Please, Andrea,
Which books would you suggest me to read to better understand the link between the Aharonov-Bohm effect and the Ecat SKL ?
Thanks,
Jerrod
Dear Doctor Andrea Rossi,
It is known through the media that automobile production is being delayed because there is a lack of enough electronic chips.
I assume that chips are also built into the e-catSKL.
So is the need for chips for the e-cat SKL a quantity problem?
Kindest,
Heinz Sause
Following the comments about E-Cat for car applications, may I ask if the E-Cat voltage could be 230V? Because the EV’s that you buy (in Europe) are chargeable from a 230V single phase outlet. Hence, the conversion from 230V to battery 800V is built-in into the car and battery voltage should then not be an issue for the E-Cat. I hope I am correct about this.
Calle H
Dear Mr. Rossi,
can an e-cat skl module of 5 or 10 KW plugged to a house/flat (230 V) while the house/flat is disconnected from the electric grid and provide the needed power in the house for cooking, computer, TV, electric heating..? (as long the needed power is below 5 or 10 KW)
Or must be there a batterie between?
Best regards
Hans
Dr Rossi,
Suggestion: for the presentation of the Ecat SKL you could participate as an expositor to an important Expo and supply all the illumination necessary to the expo allowing them to make a comparison between how many kWh they consumed normally and how many with the installation od the Ecat SKL: what do you think ? This could be a citation of the Tesla demo at the Expo of Chicago you dreamed about.
Best
Roberto
Rupert:
I would strongly suggest:
“Maxwell-Dirac Theory and Occam’s Razor: Unified Field, Elementary Particles, and Nuclear Interactions”, by Giorgio Vassallo, Antonino Oscar Di Tommaso, Francesco Celani, Dawei Wang- Amazon Books, 2019
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Svein H. Vormedal:
Putting modules in series the Voltage sums up, but other are the problems raised by inductive loads and we are resolving problems.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
As Tesla plans next-generation electric vehicle batteries, focus is turning to lithium iron, not the lithium ion that has been the fundamental chemical engineering science powering EVs to date.
Elon Musk’s car company and GM, among other auto companies, want much longer-range and more durable battery cells.
New battery technology is possible, allowing cars to go 400 miles or more between charges and lasting as long as 1 million miles. That could spur EV sales the same way the first 100,000-mile warranties on gas cars once did.
Eliminating the rare, expensive and controversial element cobalt from batteries is among the biggest aims.
Yes it is true the voltage is 400 to 800 volts depending on the battery capacity. This voltage is not a priori a problem because the onboard charger adapts the voltage to the needs of the battery and the BMS adapts the charging current according to the possibilities of the source. On a domestic socket in France, for example, the charging voltage is 220 volts AC and the charging current is limited to 8 A by the BMS. The BMS communicates with the source and determines the charging parameters before starting it. In the event of a malfunction, the car refuses to charge or, if necessary, stops charging.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
It is critically important that the electrical output of the ECat-SKL can easily interface with the outside world.
I understand, from what has been written, that this output is suitable at the moment only for resistive loads.
It probably doesn’t compare to pure DC or AC voltage.
It could likely change uncontrollably in amplitude or frequency or contain uncontrollable noise and harmonics.
But if it is true (as has been said) that the Ecat can charge a battery, it means that these anomalies, if they exist, can be overcome.
With simple inductance and capacitance circuits the voltage can be cleaned up and stabilized, and I suppose that’s something like this what you did.
The next step is simply to use this battery connected to a high performance DC / DC or DC / AC static converter.
At this point from the output of this converter we have a DC or AC voltage available to power any type of electric motor.
Where am I doing wrong?
Kind Regards,
Italo R.
Hello A. Rossi
The batteries of electric cars are not much different from those of our smartphones. They use the same technology. However, they are reinforced with aluminum armor to meet the requirements of automobile crash tests.
They are also equipped with a thermal regulation system to prevent overheating when recharging at high power (50 to 125 Kw) and maintain a correct operating temperature when the thermometer drops below zero degrees Celsius. . This system as well as the proper functioning of each cell is controlled by the BMS (Battery Management System).
Finally, a car battery can be recharged at any outlet, of course respecting the parameters of the car charger. The Ecat could probably charge these batteries as soon as your baby can provide stable voltage and current.
Since zero risk does not exist, while charging an electric car exploded and created a fire in South Korea last year.
I am still following your work and look forward to your future presentation.
All my support to your team.
Best regards
eernie1:
You are right.
We must be ready before we present the Ecat SKL for the market.
This is the main restraining force I am feeling.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I understand your insistence that your device is not primarily nuclear in its output. You have learned a lesson from the way nuclear reactors have been inhibited from fully exploiting their usefulness by negative propaganda from rival concerns. I also understand the negative attitude you have about the reactors since they are a rival to your technology.
Another lesson I hope you have learned is that when your device enters the market, the same concerns will attack your programs in a similar manner. You can expect not only commercial backlash but also political backlash.
I hope you can overcome this powerful negativity and achieve the potential you may have.
Careful regards.
You basically say the E-Cat is stable and reliable and yet there seem to be major adjustment problems for applications. That’s how I read it between the lines. Therefore, I am making the following thesis, which of course you do not have to comment on. An approval or rejection would be nice. Maybe someone can contribute expertise.
I think the output signal of the E-Cat has strong random fluctuations in the current and / or the voltage. Maybe even fluctuations by orders of magnitude. As a result, signal stabilization is not trivial, since you have to work with powerful capacitors and coils. This also makes it difficult to infer a scaled application from a single application, as the E-Cats may not be able to be coupled directly, but rather adapters have to be connected in between. This can quickly lead to volume and weight.
If the simplest application is to use an ohmic load to generate heat, then the load does not care how much the signal fluctuates. The compensation is then carried out via the thermal capacity.
Am I at least not completely wrong with my thesis?
Chuck Davis:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Sam:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Michael S.:
Thank you for your insight and for your suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Bradley:
Basically that is directly linked to the Aharonov-Bohm effect ( ref. 1, 2 ) and this fact makes correct your comment.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
in the reference 49 of
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
E.P. Wigner says a statement that has a paramount importance for the theoretical hypothesis you make on your paper:
” The fact that nuclear reactions of the type 197Au+14N –> 198Au+13N take place at energies at which colliding nuclei do not come in contact is an interesting though little-advertised discovery “.
Comment ?
Dear Andrea,
I hope you, your family and Team are well.
About the usability of the generated Eskl electric current a few working hypothesis:
Short term :
One solution could be a two step approach:
1) electricity generated from Ecat Skl is converted via electrolysis to Hydrogen. The latter is a process that should be able to be engineerd to cope with wide variations in voltage & frequency.
2) A fuelcell would generate stable electric DC current and AC current via converter.
This would be the fixed installation.
The house/fixed use electric AC needs would be covered.
For cars we could either :
– charge the battery with the DC current from the Fuelcell (knowing that there is a range limit/recharge speed limit which is problematic during peak trafic days).
– or use the H to drive with a Fuelcell. Refilling is possible within minutes. The ecats could generate H locally at gas;-)stations so there would be no need for a H fuel distribution network.
To store H generated by Ecat&Electrolysis in house should be dooable. To install and maintain a private H gasstation to fill the H in the cars tank is probably to costly. So I tend to think the second option is more realistic.
One other way could be flow batteries. They maybe could be able to better absorb wide voltage and frequency variations than classic lithium-ion batteries. If these can be made small/power dense enough so as to fit in a car trunk is another. Accelerations-deceleration could also be an issue.
But maybe there is an elegant way to tame the Eskl upfront via the sollicitation algorithms of the Skl itself ?
Ultimately this would be the best solution as otherwise I am afraid the classic Ecat with heat generation and turbine or other electric current generating process will be more (cost)efficient.
Confined regards,
Michael
Hello DR Rossi
This is a video about the
famous Milikan Experiment.
https://youtu.be/sUc13Q8CF3s
Regards
Sam
Dear Andrea, Another option would be to connect the ecat dc output to a grid-tie inverter and run your loads from the inverter output. This is probably the configuration that will be required for residential applications.
Warm regards,
Chuck Davis
Hermes Atar Trismegistus:
Thank you for your suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Do you have knowledge of radio waves, resonance and high voltage? In such cases, I recommend you study Don Smith free energy experiments.
http://gratisenergi.se/donsmith.htm
One of his inventions was a Tesla coil as a transmitter with three Tesla coils as a receiver. He claimed that the three Tesla coil receivers could be loaded without the Tesla coil transmitter drawing more power. If you do that experiment with four tesla coils and come to the same conclusion? Then you have the basis for a free energy generator which after conversion of radio waves to direct voltage can drive inductive loads such as direct current motors or why not an alternating current motor after a direct current to alternating current converter.
Since that invention in particular is described in text with images, it is not possible to apply for a patent on it. But one thing you can patent and that is the feedback between the transmitter coil and the receiver coils. Let’s say the efficiency is 300%. An input power of 1KW gives 3KW output power. This means that you must reconnect 1 KW from the receiver coils to the transmitter coil and the technology to do so was never described by Don Smith in pictures or text.
Even if you are a beginner in radio waves, resonance and high voltage, I recommend you read Don Smith theories, as they may help you improve your E-Cat SKL.
To buy tesla coils google “tesla coil buy”
Dear Andrea,
Read that your E-Cat SKL does not like inductive loads. Does your E-Cat SKL provide direct current or high frequency alternating current? If it is AC that does not like inductive loads, I recommend that you rectify AC to DC and then convert DC to low frequency AC to power low frequency motors.
Giuseppe Censorio:
No.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Heinz Sause:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Reards,
A.R.
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
I found this article back in November last year:
In german language !
https://www.industr.com/de/zentrale-energiesysteme-werden-abgeloest-2538971
A future analysis of the power supply in urban areas.
Your Heinz Sause
Dear Andrea,
your answer to Heinz Sause push me to make a consideration. To build chips need a dedicated fab and an important structure not so easy to make. If you can answer, is maybe some of your partner a semiconductor industry?
Best Regards, Giuseppe
Chuck Davis:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jarrod McRay:
Please see references 1 and 2 on
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Please, Andrea,
Which books would you suggest me to read to better understand the link between the Aharonov-Bohm effect and the Ecat SKL ?
Thanks,
Jerrod
Dear Andrea, Here is some welcomed news just in time for the ecat! https://www.yahoo.com/news/republicans-defend-energy-deregulation-report-194458972.html
Warm regards,
Chuck Davis
Sam:
Thank you for the information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Heinz Sause:
We make our chips.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Doctor Andrea Rossi,
It is known through the media that automobile production is being delayed because there is a lack of enough electronic chips.
I assume that chips are also built into the e-catSKL.
So is the need for chips for the e-cat SKL a quantity problem?
Kindest,
Heinz Sause
Hello DR Rossi
Miami looking for solutions to
reduce carbon emissions.
https://news.yahoo.com/miami-wants-slash-carbon-emissions-181203358.html
Regards
Sam
Hans:
We will describe the characteristics of the Ecat SKL when we will make the presentation, because now it all is in the making,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Calle H:
We are studying this issue,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Following the comments about E-Cat for car applications, may I ask if the E-Cat voltage could be 230V? Because the EV’s that you buy (in Europe) are chargeable from a 230V single phase outlet. Hence, the conversion from 230V to battery 800V is built-in into the car and battery voltage should then not be an issue for the E-Cat. I hope I am correct about this.
Calle H
Dear Mr. Rossi,
can an e-cat skl module of 5 or 10 KW plugged to a house/flat (230 V) while the house/flat is disconnected from the electric grid and provide the needed power in the house for cooking, computer, TV, electric heating..? (as long the needed power is below 5 or 10 KW)
Or must be there a batterie between?
Best regards
Hans
Roberto:
Thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Suggestion: for the presentation of the Ecat SKL you could participate as an expositor to an important Expo and supply all the illumination necessary to the expo allowing them to make a comparison between how many kWh they consumed normally and how many with the installation od the Ecat SKL: what do you think ? This could be a citation of the Tesla demo at the Expo of Chicago you dreamed about.
Best
Roberto
Rupert:
I would strongly suggest:
“Maxwell-Dirac Theory and Occam’s Razor: Unified Field, Elementary Particles, and Nuclear Interactions”, by Giorgio Vassallo, Antonino Oscar Di Tommaso, Francesco Celani, Dawei Wang- Amazon Books, 2019
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Svein H. Vormedal:
Putting modules in series the Voltage sums up, but other are the problems raised by inductive loads and we are resolving problems.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Raffaele Bongo:
As you say, it is not that easy.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Tom Conover:
Thank you for the information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I hope this information helps…
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/30/tesla-and-the-science-of-low-cost-next-gen-ev-million-mile-battery.html
As Tesla plans next-generation electric vehicle batteries, focus is turning to lithium iron, not the lithium ion that has been the fundamental chemical engineering science powering EVs to date.
Elon Musk’s car company and GM, among other auto companies, want much longer-range and more durable battery cells.
New battery technology is possible, allowing cars to go 400 miles or more between charges and lasting as long as 1 million miles. That could spur EV sales the same way the first 100,000-mile warranties on gas cars once did.
Eliminating the rare, expensive and controversial element cobalt from batteries is among the biggest aims.
Warm Regards,
Tom
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
If I ask you which book could help me to understand the theoretical issues on your paper
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
which one would you suggest me ?
Thanks
Rupert
Hello A. Rossi
Yes it is true the voltage is 400 to 800 volts depending on the battery capacity. This voltage is not a priori a problem because the onboard charger adapts the voltage to the needs of the battery and the BMS adapts the charging current according to the possibilities of the source. On a domestic socket in France, for example, the charging voltage is 220 volts AC and the charging current is limited to 8 A by the BMS. The BMS communicates with the source and determines the charging parameters before starting it. In the event of a malfunction, the car refuses to charge or, if necessary, stops charging.
Best regards
Raffaele
Dear Andrea
What are the voltage of each E-Cat SKL, cell or unit?
Regards
Svein H. Vormedal
Italo R.:
Thank you for your suggestions. We are studying the issue.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Raffaele Bongo:
Thank you for your insight, but the problem with car batteries is also the very high voltage.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
It is critically important that the electrical output of the ECat-SKL can easily interface with the outside world.
I understand, from what has been written, that this output is suitable at the moment only for resistive loads.
It probably doesn’t compare to pure DC or AC voltage.
It could likely change uncontrollably in amplitude or frequency or contain uncontrollable noise and harmonics.
But if it is true (as has been said) that the Ecat can charge a battery, it means that these anomalies, if they exist, can be overcome.
With simple inductance and capacitance circuits the voltage can be cleaned up and stabilized, and I suppose that’s something like this what you did.
The next step is simply to use this battery connected to a high performance DC / DC or DC / AC static converter.
At this point from the output of this converter we have a DC or AC voltage available to power any type of electric motor.
Where am I doing wrong?
Kind Regards,
Italo R.
Hello A. Rossi
The batteries of electric cars are not much different from those of our smartphones. They use the same technology. However, they are reinforced with aluminum armor to meet the requirements of automobile crash tests.
They are also equipped with a thermal regulation system to prevent overheating when recharging at high power (50 to 125 Kw) and maintain a correct operating temperature when the thermometer drops below zero degrees Celsius. . This system as well as the proper functioning of each cell is controlled by the BMS (Battery Management System).
Finally, a car battery can be recharged at any outlet, of course respecting the parameters of the car charger. The Ecat could probably charge these batteries as soon as your baby can provide stable voltage and current.
Since zero risk does not exist, while charging an electric car exploded and created a fire in South Korea last year.
I am still following your work and look forward to your future presentation.
All my support to your team.
Best regards
Raffaele
eernie1:
You are right.
We must be ready before we present the Ecat SKL for the market.
This is the main restraining force I am feeling.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I understand your insistence that your device is not primarily nuclear in its output. You have learned a lesson from the way nuclear reactors have been inhibited from fully exploiting their usefulness by negative propaganda from rival concerns. I also understand the negative attitude you have about the reactors since they are a rival to your technology.
Another lesson I hope you have learned is that when your device enters the market, the same concerns will attack your programs in a similar manner. You can expect not only commercial backlash but also political backlash.
I hope you can overcome this powerful negativity and achieve the potential you may have.
Careful regards.
Svein H. Vormedal:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Jitse:
I am not able to answer,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Stephen:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Wilfried Babelotzky:
On one thing you are not wrong: The Ecat SKL is better suited, so far, for resistive loads, like lamps.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
CC
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Do you think the Ecat SKL will be entitled to be granted the carbon credits ?
Regards,
CC
Dear Andrea,
You basically say the E-Cat is stable and reliable and yet there seem to be major adjustment problems for applications. That’s how I read it between the lines. Therefore, I am making the following thesis, which of course you do not have to comment on. An approval or rejection would be nice. Maybe someone can contribute expertise.
I think the output signal of the E-Cat has strong random fluctuations in the current and / or the voltage. Maybe even fluctuations by orders of magnitude. As a result, signal stabilization is not trivial, since you have to work with powerful capacitors and coils. This also makes it difficult to infer a scaled application from a single application, as the E-Cats may not be able to be coupled directly, but rather adapters have to be connected in between. This can quickly lead to volume and weight.
If the simplest application is to use an ohmic load to generate heat, then the load does not care how much the signal fluctuates. The compensation is then carried out via the thermal capacity.
Am I at least not completely wrong with my thesis?
Many greetings
Wilfried