United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

Read the whole US Patent
Download the ZIP file of US Patent

45,767 comments to United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

  • Dear Andrea, what happened? Yesterday’s date was significant, and the blog has been completely empty for over 36 hours. There’s no news circulating. Can you tell us anything? Many of us are worried about you and the world.
    Neri

  • @ Italo R:

    Regarding your: “Through these testimonies shines a powerful suggestion: that there exists a far vaster and deeper level of reality beyond the purely material universe accessible to our limited senses —- a glimpse of a spiritual dimension that may transcend what we ordinarily consider “real.” ”

    There is, of course, no reason to suppose that human senses are equipped to detect every kind of phenomenon there is. This is obvious, of course, since we already know our senses are not equipped to detect, for example, ionized radiation, or many wave lengths of electro-magnetic spectrum. So it seems more likely than not that the reasonable conclusion is that there are other phenomena — perhaps several — that we currently do not even know exist. Might some of these come to be understood and detected as our understanding of Quantum Physics advances?

    But it is strange that only a small number of people — seemingly equipped with the same personal hardware and software as the rest of us — seem to be able to tap into these phenomena, while we are not. It would have been nice if Mr. Rol had participated in a great many scientifically rigorous tests of his apparent powers, perhaps with the hope of determining how it can be done.

    Rodney.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Herwig Lautner:
    If you sent us our pre-order form, it is listed and you don’t need to take any action; when the turn of your delivery will arrive you will be contacted to update your non binding pre-order into a regular order,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Herwig Lautner

    Dear Mr. Rossi,

    I think I was one of the first to pre-order, but since that was so long ago, I no longer have the email address I used for the pre-order. What should I do?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Albert:
    Nothing. When the delivery of your pre-order will be ready, you will be contacted to agree to turn the not binding pre-order into a regular and updated order,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Albert

    I had booked for:
    two units
    ten units
    That was very early on at your first call for ordering the 100W e-cats. I have the emails. What do you recommend that I should do?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Giannino Ferro Casagrande:
    When the delivery of your pre-order will be ready you will be contacted; I am not able to give you a scheduling, so far.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Iggy Dalrymple,

    Good question. The more general question is whether the NGU technology energy production process will degrade over time, independent of what energy conversion process is used.

    I understand the expected energy production lifetime is 100,000 hours. That is likely computed. The actual lifetime value will be estimated by a large ensemble of units operating over a long period of time (years, not days).

    I, myself, do not understand how the NGU unit works, although I have my guesses. I look at the NGU unit as a “black box” and ignore how it works and speculate how it could be employed.

  • I am reading the deliveries are on course, but when will I be contacted ? Have I do redo my pre-order ?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Iggy Dalrymple:
    I do not give information in positive or in negative to this issue; I confirm that the Ecat technology has nothing to resemble a solar panel,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Iggy Dalrymple

    Dr Rossi,
    When Axil alluded to the theory that the interior surfaces of the NGU might be sensitive to photonic energy and might be converting that energy into electrical energy you replied that the NGU did not use solar panels. Granted, solar panels are not used but could Axil be correct that the interior surfaces of the NGU could be converting photonic energy into electrical energy?
    Regards,
    Iggy

  • Andrea Rossi

    Greg Smith:
    Thank you for the link,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jannik:
    Of course yes ! The major part of energy consume in the world is to make heat,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Greg Smith

    Hi Andrea!

    I don’t know if this solid state battery news interests you. This journalist’s thorough viability analysis is similar to what I went through with you a few years ago.

    Samsung has announced something similar. The one-two punch of E-Cat + Donut Labs will be amazing – maybe ‘interim’ until E-Cat supports mobility.

    This video is a bit long –

    Spoiler – the big money for Donut Lab came from Aura ring! This will likely kill the internal combustion engine. Donut Labs is building also building a giant factory at an undisclosed location (in Finland).

    https://youtu.be/RbGxbII44eE?si=A9eUg2uswVAZWnHy

  • Andrea Rossi

    Neri Accornero:
    Obviously the Ecat has nothing to do with any kind of solar panel,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Dear Andrea, I don’t understand why some people on the blog insist on considering your generator a photovoltaic system. Your publication and the Australian patent don’t mention photocells, but only energy extraction from coherence modulation of a cloud of electrons. On the other hand, I really don’t believe there are photocells with an efficiency higher than 20-25%, and therefore, to generate the 10 W of your first prototype, no photovoltaic cell with that efficiency could fit within 3 cm3. Could you at least clarify this point to avoid fanciful assumptions about its operation?
    Thanks
    Neri

  • Jannik

    Dr Rossi
    Will the Ecat NGU produce also heat ?
    Best,
    Jannik

  • Axil

    @2026-01-15 11:00 Hans Weser

    The lifetime of the NGU core is governed by the same influences that affect solar cell lifetimes. The surface of the optical cavity of the NGU that converts light into electrical power uses the same types of solid state materials that are used in solar cells. Understanding how and way solar cells degrade over time will inform how the NGU core degrades over time. The AI explains how a solar cell ages as follows:
    
    Click on the following link if appropriate or load this link into the command line and execute.
    
    
    https://www.google.com/search?q=is+the+life+expectancy+of+a+solar+cell+proportional+to+the+time+it+is+exposed+to+sunlight&sca_esv=492d03d456b59a14&sxsrf=ANbL-n4WiqQI6SHRG9GAjplAD0KEtLXu0A%3A1768521692078&fbs=ADc_l-aN0CWEZBOHjofHoaMMDiKpaEWjvZ2Py1XXV8d8KvlI3o6iwGk6Iv1tRbZIBNIVs-5-bUj3iBl-UxHsANYwOkWWQqZAJJdwuRaSoLHfELMHAQFneUwKM50jpvR3lgPoPKPocSAVLVIC1tmtj18NQh34sJoMKkeMLmVT0BQXR6brJvbElwncIYMxPc2e7aIP7xyAYnsJEw_6y0zcNxiTmikcViftsA&aep=1&ntc=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjWh-_Z4I6SAxVQLFkFHaTYGgQQ2J8OegQIEhAE&biw=1265&bih=607&dpr=1.52&aic=0&nem=143&mstk=AUtExfAH5S5NUTOZHbYBhM5hS6Gtb29uRgmZ52fT1LamHt9H2GQIEzyQ_We_XIm7s_GeqIJkZZ0sBFz1xvLZsrKwqI6160oelQoEfXIa6U9gmAx5gM-ISfucyrmb4tguaDA_NGQjsUHFHnbeHg-ktlu8c9pTzABN9bE64oSa9kxwiaJDE5MxO2BgG35-GXJy6IR5uyBH71gBW2DON9malAza4boHJL7saMlkVe8h9l6Tiq9ETaZL0WSBFp-SXtRKTpI86L5sQ-iwkDq2m1vjehIwbSPOfVK8fYVovg5wnjbe0kUa82OZ17Yo67SVii7AhP_oeOd5TJlKBD-eYE-TwlP3RCAWSUZAwV4hEaUMpEDk_AlqchuJpHeKRZPffGzBgR2pY7kafTzDg4-dwnXDHVzWYHEn1VB184ahUU4&csuir
    
    

  • Andrea Rossi

    Hans Weser:
    1. no
    2. nonsense
    3. see above
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Hans Weser

    Dear Mr. Rossi,
    The expected operational lifetime of the E-Cat NGU is up to 100,000 hours.

    1. Does the operating lifetime increase if the E-Cat NGU only runs for half a day?
    2. Does the operating lifetime increase even more if the E-Cat runs only one day a week?

    3. Or is the maximum operating lifetime the same either way?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jorge:
    Thank you for your support,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Piero:
    Within January will be published the monthly report on EcatWorld,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Piero

    Given that deliveries have already started, is some event or announcement still planned, as anticipated some time back, for January 20? We are all eager and impatient to see to current incarnation of the ECAT most of us have been waiting for over the last 15 years or so.
    An hopeful fan

  • Jorge

    Dr Rossi,
    Congratulations for resolving in short time the issues emerged in the delivered Ecats so far,
    All the best,
    Jorge

  • Italo R.

    @ Camillo and all readers:

    Do people truly exist who possess unique and mysterious abilities, capable of influencing matter purely with their mind?

    One of the most famous examples in Italy was Gustavo Adolfo Rol, who lived in Turin (1903–1994).

    For decades he carried out countless “experiments” — as he himself called them — in the presence of credible, often prominent witnesses from the worlds of culture, politics, and business, leaving them utterly astonished.

    Rol appeared to have mastery over space, time, energy, and matter.

    Phenomena occurred both in his immediate presence and at enormous distances, without any physical intervention on his part.

    There were no tricks or hidden devices: according to those who saw them, everything happened solely through the power of his mind and a profound spiritual connection.

    Words alone cannot adequately describe Gustavo Rol, and listing everything he was reportedly capable of would fill many pages.

    Among the most frequently mentioned phenomena are: reading closed books, materializations and dematerializations, telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, real-time alteration of paintings, and much more.

    The best way to begin to understand this enigmatic figure — without rushing to judgment or uncritical enthusiasm — is to watch some of the many documentaries and eyewitness accounts available on YouTube.

    Numerous friends, intellectuals, and acquaintances still recount, with emotion and vivid detail, the extraordinary events they witnessed.

    Through these testimonies shines a powerful suggestion: that there exists a far vaster and deeper level of reality beyond the purely material universe accessible to our limited senses — a glimpse of a spiritual dimension that may transcend what we ordinarily consider “real.”

    Kind Regards,
    Italo R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Ecat Enthusiast:
    We have resolved the problems,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Ecat Enthusiast

    Dr Rossi:
    How goes the problem solving with the Ecat plant you are building?
    Regards, Ecat Enthusiast

  • Andrea Rossi

    Thomas Kaminski:
    1- as I said here the deliveries have already started
    2- a “delivery” has the nature of a delivery
    2a- no
    2b- yes
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Thomas Kaminski

    Dr. Rossi: Congratulations on delivering units for the 1 MW assembly. Also, I am pleased to hear that most of the ecat units are being manufactured by the licensee. Transferring the intellectual property and practical manufacturing knowledge is a big step toward commercial success.

    You predicted that January 20, 2026 would be the delivery of the ecat unit to a customer. My questions are:

    1). Is that date still the target?
    2). What is the nature of the “delivery”?
    a). An assembled unit will be delivered to another entity of the licensee.
    b). An assembled unit will be delivered to a separate corporate entity nor part of the licensee’s.

    I look forward of seeing a successful ecat delivery with many more to come!

  • Andrea Rossi

    Franz D.:
    Give to Cesar what is of Caesar,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    We are not ready for this kind of applications,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,
    “The Aeroscraft ML868 aircraft is designed to be powered by three diesel aircraft engines, each producing 4,425 hp, for a total power output of approximately 13,275 hp.
    The ML868 is a large, rigid-body, variable-buoyancy airship designed for heavy cargo transport, capable of carrying a 250-ton (500,000 lb) payload over 5,100 nautical miles. The engines provide both forward thrust and vectoring capabilities for controlled flight and landing, utilizing a patented buoyancy management system.
    It is important to note that the current generation of Aeroscraft vehicles are planned to use hydrogen fuel cell propulsion systems for zero-emission flight, moving toward a carbon-free electric grid for power, which would change the power specifications from the earlier diesel models. The horsepower equivalent for these electric propulsion systems would be substantial, in the thousands of horsepower range.”

    How about replacing the envisioned hydrogen fuel cell with NGU technology?

  • Franz D.

    Dear Dr. Rossi,
    What do your partners think about cooperation with state governments? A demonstration for ministers could significantly boost the expansion of Ecat production. And that should be the goal.
    Best regards
    Franz D.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Axil:
    Presently we cannot do it; we will insert your suggestion in our R&D programs when we will have completed the execution of the urgent priorities we presently have; anyway, thank you for your suggestions,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Axil:
    Thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Axil

    The NGU reactor will serve as another probe into the ultimate nature of the vacuum.

    Understanding the vacuum and the ultimate nature of space time is a paramount issue that faces current science. To explore the coherent nature of the various quantum fields requires a direct and impactful probe and the NGU provides that.
    
    For example, current vacuum theory assumes that the generation of electron/positron pairs as virtual particles happens routinely in the vacuum. But the NGU NEVER shows any electron pair annulation gamma production based on such virtual particle pair production. The only such pair production that is seen in the vacuum is photon pair production.
    
    To advance future science, it is critical that the NGU is eventually integrated into the pantheon of the science tool kit taking its place with the following:
    
    Physical Sciences & Observation
    Advanced Imaging Technologies Electron microscopes, MRI scanners, and CT scanners provide enhanced observation capabilities at both the molecular level and within living organisms or large structures (like fossils).
    
    Cutting-edge Telescopes and Observatories Instruments such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) are opening new frontiers in astronomy and cosmology by observing the early universe and detecting gravitational waves.
    
    Novel Materials Research into new materials like metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and self-healing materials is enabling progress in areas like carbon capture, energy-efficient air conditioning, and developing more sustainable products.
    
    Quantum computing tech that the NGU quantum mechanical breakthroughs will revolutionize.

    The integration of these diverse tools, particularly the convergence of AI with experimental methods, is currently the most significant driver of scientific advancement, and the NGU will supercharge that acceleration in the advancement of science.

  • Axil

    Are you permitted to reveal if the final issues left in the 22Kv fielding design is (1) located within the internal workings of the NGU reactor or (2) the interface between the new external NGU interface with the grid based application function and the NGU.

    (2) would support more confidence in eventual resolution of that new type of interface as opposed to (1) a rework of the design of the reactor itself implying year long retesting all the other reactor interfaces as was done with the lithium ion battery charging issue.

  • Camillo

    Dear Readers:
    I’m an electronics physicist and I’ve been able to view the motor in various versions in a friend’s lab. I’ll tell you right away that it DOESN’T work. But this is only half the truth… I’ll give you my version of the facts. That motor INCREDIBLY WORKS from time to time, exactly as Yildiz says. How is this possible? It depends on how “open” you are, let’s say; if you’re not, stop reading, as this is certainly not physics. … If you heroically continue, well… there are individuals “gifted” with strange powers that they don’t even know they have; I’ve known some incredible ones. But as a physicist, I know I can’t be believed unless I demonstrate. When the Turk Yildiz (Author of the motor) goes through particular situations, he becomes what I call an “Activator.” What is an “ACTIVATOR”? Said in evangelical language it sounds like this: “Faith is that thing that if you have a grain of millet of it… and you say to that mountain, move…” Well, there are people with this “faith” they are called “PARAGNOSTICS” (the most used term). They are distinguished between those who know they are and those who don’t understand it (the Turk is of this second type). To stay on topic I’m only talking about the second type. The Turk, when he is in a particular state of “grace”, can manage (command… create) matter with his “will”, in short he performs a kind of miracle… Of course! If Jesus does it for Christianity it’s true and it’s called a MIRACLE, but if it’s done by anyone (a nobody, so to speak) then since it’s not Jesus it’s a trick. This attitude is systematic among my colleagues and in general in all scientific circles (we only believe in repeatability). Anyway, I’ll end by telling you what happens in this specific case. At certain moments, Il Turco starts off convinced he can do it and adjusts it in a way that works… Miracle!!!! The motor produces energy out of nothing. Eureka! he says enthusiastically. He tries to test it for a while and it works. Unfortunately, after a while, something always happens: the magnets come loose, the wiring gets dislodged, etc. No worries, he starts over again, hoping to improve by increasing the precision, having no idea that the real factor is himself with his faith/energy… I was called in for this specific case too, but unfortunately Il Turco wasn’t there. I learned that many magnets literally crumbled after a while. In short, the poor Turco started over again, always trying to overcome breakages of all kinds. In reality, he won’t be able to do so because: 1) the motor needs its energy to start and with nothing else it won’t work; 2) it won’t be replicable by others and therefore unusable; 3) its operation will always have a more or less long but finite time limit… limited, that is, after which it breaks. There have been other cases with “activators” who were convinced they had discovered perpetual motion that actually produced a surplus… but they always ran into problems. There is a motor (so to speak) that produced a surplus that had a certain resonance (Perendev or variations). But alas, all creations work for a while, and above all, they work ONLY with certain particular individuals who are endowed with, let’s say, “faith.” Even if these gadgets are stable and function without breakdowns… after a while, the environment suffers: appliances that break, cars that won’t start, abnormal fires, etc. So this path to producing energy is not viable. I only feel sorry for the poor wretches “gifted” with strange faculties but unaware… who get insults, disbelief, and a probable nervous breakdown. To tell this story, knowing my physics colleagues, what did I do? I wrote a fantasy book “Dreaming of Atlantis” (it’s free to download) in which I introduce the concept under the table.

  • Jim Rice

    Dr. Rossi:

    1. When might the Global Licensee make a public announcement? Any idea?
    2. It sounds like the Global Licensee may be using the first ecats to power a data center, which would be ideal as it produces no waste heat and makes no noise, and so should incur few permitting issuer.

    Thanks,
    Jim Rice

  • Andrea Rossi

    Todd Burkett:
    Obviously this kind of information has been totally delivered to our Global Licensee in exclusive, therefore it is restricted,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    WaltC:
    1- yes
    2- our Global Licensee is producing most of the Ecats,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • WaltC

    Dr. Rossi,

    If you can say…

    1) Now that deliveries are underway, is it safe to assume that Ecat production is ramping up significantly?
    2) Is your global partner currently producing most of the Ecats, or is that shared with your team?

    Best Wishes,
    WaltC

  • Todd Burkett

    Dear Rossi,

    The world is unsure what component manufacturing is required to produce the E-cat. Would you be able to describe a box that contains the machinery necessary to produce the important components for the E-cuts of proprietary parts? I am unsure if this is produced on a computer chip manufacturing process or if it even needs that. Could you tell us the minimum cubic meter size I can contain equipment in a box on Earth to produce that element? My reason for asking is whether or not we could go to someplace like Mars and produce these energy elements independently there sometime in the future and what would be required to do that.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Axil:
    Thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Axil

    The question arises: how can the vacuum supply the huge amount of power that is being generated by the one megawatt NGU system.

    If the quantum field energy flow was superconducting and super fluidic like the Higgs field, the very large and possibly unlimited power ptoduction could be supported by the quantum EDF field.

    AI prompt
    Are the various quantum fields that make up the vacuum all superconducting and super fluidic

    AI answer
    No, not all quantum fields are superconducting in the vacuum state.

    However, modern physics strongly suggests that the vacuum is not empty space, but rather a complex medium filled with condensates that behave mathematically like superconductors or superfluid’s. This analogy is central to our understanding of mass and the strong nuclear force.

    The Higgs Field behaves like a superconductor, “screening” the weak force and giving particles mass (analogous to the Meissner effect).

    The QCD (Strong) Vacuum behaves like a dual superconductor, squeezing gluons into flux tubes that confine quarks.

    The Electromagnetic Field is generally not superconducting (photons are massless), except potentially under extreme conditions.

    The Higgs Field: Superconductor of the Weak Force
    The most famous application of this analogy is the Higgs Mechanism. In a conventional superconductor, pairs of electrons (Cooper pairs) condense into a superfluid state. This condensate expels magnetic fields (the Meissner effect), effectively giving the photon a “mass” inside the material, which limits its range.

    In the Standard Model, the Higgs field fills the entire universe with a similar condensate (the Vacuum Expectation Value). This “superconducting” vacuum screens the Weak Nuclear Force, causing its carriers (the W and Z bosons) to become heavy and short-ranged, while the photon remains massless.

    To understand how a field “condenses” to fill the vacuum, we visualize the Mexican Hat Potential. At high energy, the vacuum is symmetric (empty). As the universe cools, the field “rolls” down to a lower energy state that is non-zero, filling the universe with the Higgs condensate.

    The QCD Vacuum: The “Dual” Superconductor
    The vacuum of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)—the theory of the strong force—exhibits a phenomenon called Dual Superconductivity.

    In a normal superconductor, magnetic field lines are repelled. If they penetrate, they are squeezed into thin flux tubes. In the QCD vacuum, the roles of electric and magnetic charges are swapped (hence “dual”). The vacuum acts as a condensate of magnetic monopoles, which squeezes the chromoelectric field (the field between quarks) into tight flux tubes.

    Confinement & Flux Tubes
    Because the vacuum squeezes the force field into a tube rather than letting it spread out, the energy required to pull two quarks apart increases linearly with distance. This prevents quarks from ever existing freely—a phenomenon known as Color Confinement.

    Is the Electromagnetic Vacuum a Superconductor?
    Generally, no. In our standard vacuum, photons travel freely and are massless, meaning the electromagnetic vacuum is not a superconductor (which would give them mass).

    The Exception: Theoretical physicist Maxim Chernodub has proposed that in the presence of extremely strong magnetic fields (10^16) Tesla, far beyond anything currently producible), the vacuum could spontaneously become a superconductor along the axis of the magnetic field. In this exotic state, virtual rho mesons would condense, allowing the vacuum to conduct electricity without resistance.

    Speculative Physics: Superfluid Vacuum Theory (SVT) Beyond the Standard Model, some theoretical frameworks (like Superfluid Vacuum Theory) propose that spacetime itself is a superfluid background (a Bose-Einstein condensate). In these models, fundamental particles are merely excitations (phonons) of this background fluid. While mathematically elegant, this remains a speculative fringe theory compared to the widely accepted Higgs and QCD vacuum models.

    The large power output of the NGU reaction may provide support for the Superfluid Vacuum Theory (SVT).

  • Andrea Rossi

    Nils Fryklund:
    The energy goes to the owner of the plant,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Nils Fryklund

    Dear Andrea!
    Has power been output to the grid from the MW E-cat modules so at any public has had access to the E-cat energy?
    If not, where does all the energy go for the testing E-cat plant?
    Best regards
    Nils Fryklund

  • Andrea Rossi

    Axil:
    1- yes
    2- we do not have waste heat; by the way, I cannot disclose the nature of the issues we are dealing with
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Drew Glista:
    I cannot answer this question,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steve D:
    1- yes
    2- basically no
    3- basically no
    4- basically yes
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

Leave a Reply

You can use these HTML tags

<a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <s> <strike> <strong>