How much preorders have arrived, approximately?
More than 850.000? Trolls keeps saying it is a impossible number, tell them the real numbers so they shut up a bit.
My wishes to your incredible work,
Chris Beall:
I respect your hypothesis, but I think it is totally groundless. “Extraction is a destructive process” is a void assumption if not related to specific situations and related evidence.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I have been wondering about some of the consequences of extracting zero-point energy. No math, no detail, just some broad principles (or perhaps thoughts resulting from too much time surfing the web).
From reading your ‘Long-Range Particle Interactions” paper and several more speculative documents, it appears to me that the following has been hypothesized:
• There is something called the Quantum Vacuum. It is pervasive throughout the universe.
• It contains, or consists of, or is the same as, something called Zero Point Energy, also pervasive throughout the universe, hence there is a lot of it.
• Several means have been proposed for extracting this energy in quantities useful to humanity. Extraction is a destructive process, i.e. extraction alters the original source such that the same extraction cannot be repeated (on a local scale), similar to the depletion of U237 in a nuclear reactor.
• Even if humanity were to use, from our perspective, huge amounts of such energy, it would be a timy amount relative to the amount in the universe.
In the E-CAT, some of this energy is converted into a form we prefer, such as heat or electricity. Then what happens? Does this cause a (very small, very localized) depletion of the available ZPE in the local area? Does the universe replenish that energy from its vast store? If so, how quickly?
Consider the future where extraction of ZPE has become global and massive. This raises two distantly-related questions in my mind:
1. Could we deplete the energy faster than it can be restored, thus creating a point where we must reduce our consumption to balance the rate of replenishment?
2. Could massive consumption of ZPE on a global scale be detected at a distance, i.e.
could a search for such consumption be used to identify a likely location of extraterrestrial intelligent life where a ZPE extraction process is in use? (Or the reverse.)
Giuseppe:
The Ecats for Europe will be manufactured in the EU area, therefore there will be no customs. VAT will have to be added: for the business it will not be a charge, because it will be recovered from the IVA cashed, but for non business, like households, actually it will remain a charge.
Warm Rergards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
It is correct to state that the taxes of the relative country of residence must be added to the $ 249 for each single Ecat. For example, for Italy it would be 1.9% customs duty plus 22% VAT for a total of about $ 309.
Regards, Giuseppe
Dear Andrea Rossi,
In the F1 racing cars this year will be used a mix of fuels containing also waste- derived-gasoline: I remember when you in 1978 patented your process to make oil from wastes and raced with an F3 Dallara Alfa Romeo, to advertise the gas made by your oil, while almost everybody said it was impossible …
Now we see it done in F1 !
Cheers
Luca
Do you sensibly predict the first ECat-SKLep deliveries happening during this year? I would like to have mine by the first cold days of winter, maybe by Christmas 2022. Cheers.
Heat Pumps are more expensive than simple radiators – true.
But this would not provide cooling – air conditioning.
As pointed out previously, Heat Pumps are more energy efficient, even for heating.
SKLeps are not inexpensive. A 300W solar panel costs $200 – $400 USD each. Three SKLeps cost about $750, although they could provide power 24 hours per day.
From an environmental viewpoint, it is better to move heat (thermal energy) from one place to another (heating or cooling) than to create the heat.
This is a complex issue. Simple answers are inadequate.
Dear Mr. Rossi, how about simply spending a 2 MW container in front of the Berlin government seat in Germany which is the nation most affected by an impending energy crisis?
If the politicians experience that it works, you would suddenly have global media presence and huge orders!
Dear Readers of the JoNP:
forget heat pumps.
Just look at their costs for purchase, installation, maintenance, repair. Buy better ecats for this money and cheap electric radiators.
F. Dangel
Would you be open to the right company, with the right proposal, to license your technology (paying Leonardo royalties) to increase the volume of Ecat production?
Since there has been discussions on Heat Pumps, from Wikipedia
“A heat pump is a device that transfers thermal energy between spaces, usually between an enclosed space and the outdoors. When used to heat a building, the energy is transferred from the outside into the building. A heat pump can also work as an air conditioner by transferring heat from the building to the outside.
Because of their high efficiency and the increasing share of fossil-free electricity, heat pumps can play a key role in energy transition and climate change mitigation.[1] With 1 kWh of electricity, they can transfer 3 to 6 kWh of thermal energy into a building.”
So, replacing oil or natural gas with a heat pump can be energy efficient. This ignores the cost of conversion and the additional electricity production required. Hopefully, some variant of SKLep will be available.
Since there has been a discussion on Heat Pumps —
Heat pump
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A heat pump is a device that transfers thermal energy between spaces, usually between an enclosed space and the outdoors. When used to heat a building, the energy is transferred from the outside into the building. A heat pump can also work as an air conditioner by transferring heat from the building to the outside.
Because of their high efficiency and the increasing share of fossil-free electricity, heat pumps can play a key role in energy transition and climate change mitigation.[1] With 1 kWh of electricity, they can transfer 3 to 6 kWh of thermal energy into a building.[2]
Dr. Andrea Rossi,
I strongly believe, given the world’s current energy challenges, that once everyone fully understands the capabilities of the Ecat-SKLep, demand will quickly outstrip the production capacity of any 1, or 2 or 3, companies. So my questions:
If Leonardo production becomes unable to meet the pace of growing Ecat demand, will Leonardo be open to licensing their IP to other companies (who would make royalty payments for each Ecat produced) so that:
1) a world-wide ramp-up could happen at a faster pace?
2) customizations & tailoring of Ecat capabilities (e.g., industry specific things such as redundancy, form factor, on-grid/off-grid issues, etc.) could be accomplished in parallel by industry experts?
Dear Readers of the JoNP,
In regards to my post of
March 14, 2022 at 12:26 PM
regarding warranty and lifetime, I just came across Dr. Rossi’s post of 2021-12-09 15:25 in response to WaltC that said the 100,000 hours was derived by theoretical means….confirming my supposition in my referenced post.
Use http://www.rossilivecat.com/ if you want to read the entire post since it has better search function than this web site.
Biden Admin Might Send Climate-Friendly Heat Pumps to Europe
to Help It Ditch Russian Gas
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has presented world leaders with a conundrum:
how to wean Europe off of Russian fossil-fuel products without worsening the climate crisis?
To answer this dilemma, environmental advocates
have come up with the solution of ramping up U.S. production of heat pumps
and sending them overseas.
It appears the Biden administration is listening.
White House aides have studied ways to enact this plan.
“President Biden should immediately invoke the Defense Production Act to get American manufacturers to start producing electric heat pumps in quantity, so we can ship them to Europe where they can be installed in time to dramatically lessen Putin’s power,”
Ronaldo:
Thank you for your attention.
To buy an Ecat SKLep you can go, at your preference, here: http://www.ecat.com http://www.ecatorders.com
Fill up and sign the order form and send it back
Normally you should receive automatically the receipt confirmation. If not, you can also print your order form, scannerize it and email it as an attachment to an email addressed to info@leonardocorp1996.com
You surely will receive from Leonardo the receipt confirmation
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Kay:
As I wrote yesterday ( see my answer to Maico at 11 a.m. ) if we will put also the 1 kW module ( which is not sure ) it will be worth 10 units of 100 W in the balance of the 1 million units of the target,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dears,
Yesterday I said to a friend: Rossi should just put one product on the market! Will my order be canceled now because the 1KW ECat is coming?
Yours Kay
Maico asked if it was possible for the distribution of ECat SKLeps to begin in early July of this year and you answered no. I can think of 2 reasons for your answer. The distribution of the ECat SKLeps will begin, at the earliest, later in the second half of 2022, or you expect the distribution to start in the first half of 2022.
Which alternative is correct, before or after July 1, 2022?
Salesman:
First of all, let me make clear to our Readers that we do not know you and you are not a salesman of ours, just to avoid ambiguities.
I prefer for the time being not to respond to your questions.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
1. Do you envision the 1kW SKLep requiring its own Controller unit, Or
2. Will the Controller function be built into the 1kW SKLep?
3. How will multiple 1kW SKLep be individually controlled?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
here is one unclear and critical topic:
All large customers (telecoms, IT companies, server hostings, data centers, etc.) with whom we discussed E-Cat, required a set of E-Cats (say 10-100 pieces in assembly), which they would test for a month in order to be compatible with their UPS and other systems.
After this monthly test, they are willing to place large orders.
We are worried that you want to deliver all 1 million pieces of E-Cat in one day or in one week and therefore business with these large customers will be impossible.
Can you please confirm that you do not intend to deliver (shipping out) all 1 million pieces of E-Cat in one day, one week or one month?
There continues to be questions and comments on operational life and warranty, so I thought I would make some comments based on hundreds of product launches experience and bits of info provided here and there in this blog.
From the specifications, the warranty is 3 years. This is a maximum of 26,304 hours of operation at any load from zero to 100W if plugged in 24/7, or zero hours of operation if it sits on a shelf.
The specification also clearly states that the “expected operational lifetime” is 100,000 hours. It is not guaranteed to operate this long. Some units should operate much longer than this number of hours, some much less (and some even less than the warranty period).
There are at least two levels of predicting operational lifetime. The first is theoretical based on design, component selection, operating and environmental temperatures etc. This is critical part of the initial design process. The second is based on failure rate measurements of a large number of devices over a significant number of hours of operation. These devices must be production devices, not prototypes.
Regarding the first: my assumption is that this is likely what Dr. Rossi is referring to in his response to @Gerald since the specification pre-dates the existence of production units. Electronic component manufacturers supply reliability data for their product with expected failure rates depending on load conditions, temperatures etc. There are well established reliability calculation techniques to estimate reliability/failure rates using this data. For instance if a component is operated at 10% of its max rated operating conditions and never approaches maximum operating temperature, its lifetime will be exceptionally long. Individual components typically can be operated at 100degC or more, much higher than the max environmental temp spec for the SKLep.
Since the front end of the SKLep is low power, the lifetime of this section should be very long. Have to be more careful about the back end design though since it has 100X the current of the front end. Even more careful if it has an DC/AC converter to get AC output since this has more components, some of which may be stress quite a bit.
Now that Dr. Rossi has thousands of SKLep in stock, his team can start doing the operational tests to get more real world reliability data to confirm the 100,000 hours theoretical calculation. Many OEM customers will insist on this step, and are built into their quality systems, eg automotive, medical. It is common to use “accelerating life testing” by operating the units at a high ambient temperature. Typically hundreds of units for a thousand hours or so, at max rated temperature. Dr. Rossi is likely doing that right now, but since he is in stealth mode, this will likely not be confirmed nor results shared with the general public.
Maico:
Thank you for your kind support.
Answers:
1) If we will put in commerce the 1 kW Ecat SKLep, it will be equivalent to 10 x 100 W SKLeps, so every 1 kW SKLep will count for 10 x 100 W
Therefore it will help to reach faster the target: it is in addition, not in competition
2) confidential
3) no
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I am happy to know that you are working on the R&D of the 1Kw SKLep
If I may, I would like to express my concern.
Like many others, we have been following the evolution of this wonderful discovery that is the Ecat for more than 10 years.
It seems that this year finally a revolutionary product will be placed on the market and then sold (the SKlep in the 100W size).
so “verify with your hand” this revolutionary new source of energy that You have discovered and created.
This world wide distribution of the SKlep is however conditional on the achievement of 1,000,000 pre-orders.
Since you are confident of reaching this target, you have already started production.
I get to the point: having announced that you are working on R&D of the 1KW SKLep, is it possible that the “flow” of pre-orders of the 100W SKlep will slow down further and the target of 1,000,000 pre-orders may not arrive in 2022?
The whole world must see and verify, as soon as possible, that your product exists and works. And that it works thanks to the scientific evidence that you yourself have published 🙂
I come to the questions, if I can:
1) do you confirm that the 1KW SKleps will not be placed on the market if the 1,000,000 100w SKleps have not been sold and distributed first? (For many who follow you, it may seem like an “unfair” thing, but it is always better to reach one goal with certainty, rather than trying to reach two without succeeding)
2) have you already produced more than 10,000 Skleps?
3) is there a possibility that the distribution of the first 100,000 SKleps of 100w will start at the end of the first half of the year (Early July 2022)?
Pepito Agresti:
Trolls talk: so what ?
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hi Dr. Rossi,
How much preorders have arrived, approximately?
More than 850.000? Trolls keeps saying it is a impossible number, tell them the real numbers so they shut up a bit.
My wishes to your incredible work,
Pepito
Chris Beall:
I respect your hypothesis, but I think it is totally groundless. “Extraction is a destructive process” is a void assumption if not related to specific situations and related evidence.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr, Rossi,
I have been wondering about some of the consequences of extracting zero-point energy. No math, no detail, just some broad principles (or perhaps thoughts resulting from too much time surfing the web).
From reading your ‘Long-Range Particle Interactions” paper and several more speculative documents, it appears to me that the following has been hypothesized:
• There is something called the Quantum Vacuum. It is pervasive throughout the universe.
• It contains, or consists of, or is the same as, something called Zero Point Energy, also pervasive throughout the universe, hence there is a lot of it.
• Several means have been proposed for extracting this energy in quantities useful to humanity. Extraction is a destructive process, i.e. extraction alters the original source such that the same extraction cannot be repeated (on a local scale), similar to the depletion of U237 in a nuclear reactor.
• Even if humanity were to use, from our perspective, huge amounts of such energy, it would be a timy amount relative to the amount in the universe.
In the E-CAT, some of this energy is converted into a form we prefer, such as heat or electricity. Then what happens? Does this cause a (very small, very localized) depletion of the available ZPE in the local area? Does the universe replenish that energy from its vast store? If so, how quickly?
Consider the future where extraction of ZPE has become global and massive. This raises two distantly-related questions in my mind:
1. Could we deplete the energy faster than it can be restored, thus creating a point where we must reduce our consumption to balance the rate of replenishment?
2. Could massive consumption of ZPE on a global scale be detected at a distance, i.e.
could a search for such consumption be used to identify a likely location of extraterrestrial intelligent life where a ZPE extraction process is in use? (Or the reverse.)
I would be interested in your thoughts.
Regards,
Chris
Giuseppe:
The Ecats for Europe will be manufactured in the EU area, therefore there will be no customs. VAT will have to be added: for the business it will not be a charge, because it will be recovered from the IVA cashed, but for non business, like households, actually it will remain a charge.
Warm Rergards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
It is correct to state that the taxes of the relative country of residence must be added to the $ 249 for each single Ecat. For example, for Italy it would be 1.9% customs duty plus 22% VAT for a total of about $ 309.
Regards, Giuseppe
@Luca,
see here the whole story:
http://www.ingandrearossi.com
Best,
Franz
Luca:
True.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
In the F1 racing cars this year will be used a mix of fuels containing also waste- derived-gasoline: I remember when you in 1978 patented your process to make oil from wastes and raced with an F3 Dallara Alfa Romeo, to advertise the gas made by your oil, while almost everybody said it was impossible …
Now we see it done in F1 !
Cheers
Luca
Pietro:
Thank you for your support
Warm Regards
A.R.
The time has come to make history.
best wishes
Pietro
Albert Ellul:
Yes
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Do you sensibly predict the first ECat-SKLep deliveries happening during this year? I would like to have mine by the first cold days of winter, maybe by Christmas 2022. Cheers.
F.Dangel,
Heat Pumps are more expensive than simple radiators – true.
But this would not provide cooling – air conditioning.
As pointed out previously, Heat Pumps are more energy efficient, even for heating.
SKLeps are not inexpensive. A 300W solar panel costs $200 – $400 USD each. Three SKLeps cost about $750, although they could provide power 24 hours per day.
From an environmental viewpoint, it is better to move heat (thermal energy) from one place to another (heating or cooling) than to create the heat.
This is a complex issue. Simple answers are inadequate.
Henrik Hagdahl:
No,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi
I have to ask. Has there been any change in demand/preorders, given the events during these last weeks?
B R, Henrik
Hervig Lautner:
Thank you for your opinion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Gennady:
1. n.a.
2. premature
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Couple questions if you do not mind:
1. What is total count of the preorders as of now
2. What is your estimate on completion of R&D for 1 KW unit
Kind regards,
Gennady
Dear Mr. Rossi, how about simply spending a 2 MW container in front of the Berlin government seat in Germany which is the nation most affected by an impending energy crisis?
If the politicians experience that it works, you would suddenly have global media presence and huge orders!
Frank Acland:
I am open to consider any intelligent proposal,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Readers of the JoNP:
forget heat pumps.
Just look at their costs for purchase, installation, maintenance, repair. Buy better ecats for this money and cheap electric radiators.
F. Dangel
Dear Andrea,
Would you be open to the right company, with the right proposal, to license your technology (paying Leonardo royalties) to increase the volume of Ecat production?
Many thanks,
Frank Acland
Steven Karels:
Thank you for the information and the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Since there has been discussions on Heat Pumps, from Wikipedia
“A heat pump is a device that transfers thermal energy between spaces, usually between an enclosed space and the outdoors. When used to heat a building, the energy is transferred from the outside into the building. A heat pump can also work as an air conditioner by transferring heat from the building to the outside.
Because of their high efficiency and the increasing share of fossil-free electricity, heat pumps can play a key role in energy transition and climate change mitigation.[1] With 1 kWh of electricity, they can transfer 3 to 6 kWh of thermal energy into a building.”
So, replacing oil or natural gas with a heat pump can be energy efficient. This ignores the cost of conversion and the additional electricity production required. Hopefully, some variant of SKLep will be available.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Since there has been a discussion on Heat Pumps —
Heat pump
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A heat pump is a device that transfers thermal energy between spaces, usually between an enclosed space and the outdoors. When used to heat a building, the energy is transferred from the outside into the building. A heat pump can also work as an air conditioner by transferring heat from the building to the outside.
Because of their high efficiency and the increasing share of fossil-free electricity, heat pumps can play a key role in energy transition and climate change mitigation.[1] With 1 kWh of electricity, they can transfer 3 to 6 kWh of thermal energy into a building.[2]
WaltC:
1- possible
2- possible
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Andrea Rossi,
I strongly believe, given the world’s current energy challenges, that once everyone fully understands the capabilities of the Ecat-SKLep, demand will quickly outstrip the production capacity of any 1, or 2 or 3, companies. So my questions:
If Leonardo production becomes unable to meet the pace of growing Ecat demand, will Leonardo be open to licensing their IP to other companies (who would make royalty payments for each Ecat produced) so that:
1) a world-wide ramp-up could happen at a faster pace?
2) customizations & tailoring of Ecat capabilities (e.g., industry specific things such as redundancy, form factor, on-grid/off-grid issues, etc.) could be accomplished in parallel by industry experts?
Best wishes on your current 1kW work,
WaltC
Juan Carlos
for Heat-Pumps you will need much electric energy for have them running.
This scale of e-Power does not exist in any country of Europe.
Regards Roffi
Steven Karels:
I am not yet able to answer this question, we did not reach that point yet.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Salvatore Boi:
The Ecat SKLep does not contain materials that could modify the chemical reactions caused by a fire.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Readers of the JoNP,
In regards to my post of
March 14, 2022 at 12:26 PM
regarding warranty and lifetime, I just came across Dr. Rossi’s post of 2021-12-09 15:25 in response to WaltC that said the 100,000 hours was derived by theoretical means….confirming my supposition in my referenced post.
Use http://www.rossilivecat.com/ if you want to read the entire post since it has better search function than this web site.
Regards
LarryG
Dear Readers of the JoNP,
I read the article below today in the news.
The White House wants to send heat-pumps to Europe.
I’m wondering if anyone on this list can think of
any other kind of energy source that
could be sent to Europe to help?
Just curious,
Juan Carlos
*****************************************************
Biden Admin Might Send Climate-Friendly Heat Pumps to Europe
to Help It Ditch Russian Gas
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has presented world leaders with a conundrum:
how to wean Europe off of Russian fossil-fuel products without worsening the climate crisis?
To answer this dilemma, environmental advocates
have come up with the solution of ramping up U.S. production of heat pumps
and sending them overseas.
It appears the Biden administration is listening.
White House aides have studied ways to enact this plan.
“President Biden should immediately invoke the Defense Production Act to get American manufacturers to start producing electric heat pumps in quantity, so we can ship them to Europe where they can be installed in time to dramatically lessen Putin’s power,”
What would happen to the E-CAT SKLep in the event of a house fire? Would it go out in the fire as a result or could it become dangerous in some way?
On Friday I will be called by a large shopping center that would need a good 100KW of electricity to make known and propose the ECAT SKLep …
Thanks in advance for your kind future reply.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Will the 1kW SKLep dimensions be approximately twice each of the dimensions of the 100W SKLep?
Ronaldo:
Thank you for your attention.
To buy an Ecat SKLep you can go, at your preference, here:
http://www.ecat.com
http://www.ecatorders.com
Fill up and sign the order form and send it back
Normally you should receive automatically the receipt confirmation. If not, you can also print your order form, scannerize it and email it as an attachment to an email addressed to
info@leonardocorp1996.com
You surely will receive from Leonardo the receipt confirmation
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
I watched on Youtube “Ecat SKLep presentation of December 9 2021” and read the paper on
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Now I want to buy.
How can I order an Ecat SKLep ?
Best,
Ronaldo
Dan Galburt:
After,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Sergio:
Thank you from our Team for your kind support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Kay:
As I wrote yesterday ( see my answer to Maico at 11 a.m. ) if we will put also the 1 kW module ( which is not sure ) it will be worth 10 units of 100 W in the balance of the 1 million units of the target,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dears,
Yesterday I said to a friend: Rossi should just put one product on the market! Will my order be canceled now because the 1KW ECat is coming?
Yours Kay
dear Dr. Andrea I wish you a good day. affection and sincere greetings. good job
Sergio
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Maico asked if it was possible for the distribution of ECat SKLeps to begin in early July of this year and you answered no. I can think of 2 reasons for your answer. The distribution of the ECat SKLeps will begin, at the earliest, later in the second half of 2022, or you expect the distribution to start in the first half of 2022.
Which alternative is correct, before or after July 1, 2022?
Warm Regards,
Dan Galburt
Salesman:
First of all, let me make clear to our Readers that we do not know you and you are not a salesman of ours, just to avoid ambiguities.
I prefer for the time being not to respond to your questions.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Karels:
All this has still to be defined.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
1. Do you envision the 1kW SKLep requiring its own Controller unit, Or
2. Will the Controller function be built into the 1kW SKLep?
3. How will multiple 1kW SKLep be individually controlled?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
here is one unclear and critical topic:
All large customers (telecoms, IT companies, server hostings, data centers, etc.) with whom we discussed E-Cat, required a set of E-Cats (say 10-100 pieces in assembly), which they would test for a month in order to be compatible with their UPS and other systems.
After this monthly test, they are willing to place large orders.
We are worried that you want to deliver all 1 million pieces of E-Cat in one day or in one week and therefore business with these large customers will be impossible.
Can you please confirm that you do not intend to deliver (shipping out) all 1 million pieces of E-Cat in one day, one week or one month?
Dear ECAT Enthusiasts:
Comments on OPERATIONAL LIFE, WARRANTY
There continues to be questions and comments on operational life and warranty, so I thought I would make some comments based on hundreds of product launches experience and bits of info provided here and there in this blog.
From the specifications, the warranty is 3 years. This is a maximum of 26,304 hours of operation at any load from zero to 100W if plugged in 24/7, or zero hours of operation if it sits on a shelf.
The specification also clearly states that the “expected operational lifetime” is 100,000 hours. It is not guaranteed to operate this long. Some units should operate much longer than this number of hours, some much less (and some even less than the warranty period).
There are at least two levels of predicting operational lifetime. The first is theoretical based on design, component selection, operating and environmental temperatures etc. This is critical part of the initial design process. The second is based on failure rate measurements of a large number of devices over a significant number of hours of operation. These devices must be production devices, not prototypes.
Regarding the first: my assumption is that this is likely what Dr. Rossi is referring to in his response to @Gerald since the specification pre-dates the existence of production units. Electronic component manufacturers supply reliability data for their product with expected failure rates depending on load conditions, temperatures etc. There are well established reliability calculation techniques to estimate reliability/failure rates using this data. For instance if a component is operated at 10% of its max rated operating conditions and never approaches maximum operating temperature, its lifetime will be exceptionally long. Individual components typically can be operated at 100degC or more, much higher than the max environmental temp spec for the SKLep.
Since the front end of the SKLep is low power, the lifetime of this section should be very long. Have to be more careful about the back end design though since it has 100X the current of the front end. Even more careful if it has an DC/AC converter to get AC output since this has more components, some of which may be stress quite a bit.
Now that Dr. Rossi has thousands of SKLep in stock, his team can start doing the operational tests to get more real world reliability data to confirm the 100,000 hours theoretical calculation. Many OEM customers will insist on this step, and are built into their quality systems, eg automotive, medical. It is common to use “accelerating life testing” by operating the units at a high ambient temperature. Typically hundreds of units for a thousand hours or so, at max rated temperature. Dr. Rossi is likely doing that right now, but since he is in stealth mode, this will likely not be confirmed nor results shared with the general public.
Best Regards
LarryG
Maico:
Thank you for your kind support.
Answers:
1) If we will put in commerce the 1 kW Ecat SKLep, it will be equivalent to 10 x 100 W SKLeps, so every 1 kW SKLep will count for 10 x 100 W
Therefore it will help to reach faster the target: it is in addition, not in competition
2) confidential
3) no
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi
I am happy to know that you are working on the R&D of the 1Kw SKLep
If I may, I would like to express my concern.
Like many others, we have been following the evolution of this wonderful discovery that is the Ecat for more than 10 years.
It seems that this year finally a revolutionary product will be placed on the market and then sold (the SKlep in the 100W size).
so “verify with your hand” this revolutionary new source of energy that You have discovered and created.
This world wide distribution of the SKlep is however conditional on the achievement of 1,000,000 pre-orders.
Since you are confident of reaching this target, you have already started production.
I get to the point: having announced that you are working on R&D of the 1KW SKLep, is it possible that the “flow” of pre-orders of the 100W SKlep will slow down further and the target of 1,000,000 pre-orders may not arrive in 2022?
The market needs to be “flooded” as soon as possible by your wonderful technological and scientific discovery (see: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions)), and acknowledge “the merits” of all the efforts made by You and Your Team over the years to get to “All This” !!!.
The whole world must see and verify, as soon as possible, that your product exists and works. And that it works thanks to the scientific evidence that you yourself have published 🙂
I come to the questions, if I can:
1) do you confirm that the 1KW SKleps will not be placed on the market if the 1,000,000 100w SKleps have not been sold and distributed first? (For many who follow you, it may seem like an “unfair” thing, but it is always better to reach one goal with certainty, rather than trying to reach two without succeeding)
2) have you already produced more than 10,000 Skleps?
3) is there a possibility that the distribution of the first 100,000 SKleps of 100w will start at the end of the first half of the year (Early July 2022)?
thank you
Regards
Maico