United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

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46,641 comments to United States Patent US 9,115,913 B1

  • Arnab Saha

    Will the deliveries start this year or the next ?
    Arnab Saha

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    500W Power Module

    1. Have you produced a prototype 500W module?
    2. What is the output voltage?
    3. What is the output current?
    4. How many 500W prototype units exist?

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Point Design for a 1 MW Grid Power System

    A possible Utility-Scale Grid Inverter starts with using an off-the-shelf ABB PVS800-MWS-1250kW-20 Utility-Scale inverter.

    It is characterized by 2 sets of 8 inputs. Each input can accommodate a DC voltage range of 525 to 825 VDC.

    NGU Power Module – Assume an individual building block of a 500W, 12VDC, 41.67 Amp unit.

    A Stack would be a series assembly of 65 NGU Power Modules. Each Stack would produce 780 VDC at 41.67 Amps or 32.5 kW of power.

    A Column will consist of two Stacks connected in parallel via diode bridges. The Column would produce 780 VDC at 83.33 Amps or 65 kW of power.

    Each Column would drive one of the 16 inverter inputs. A total of 16 Columns would be used with the Utility-Scale inverter.

    When operating at full power, the 16 columns would generate a total input power of 1.04 MW.

    The Utility-Scale inverter has an efficiency of about 97%. So, the available 1.04 MW of input power would result in Grid output power of 1.01 MW.

    A Control System could be implemented on the output of each Stack to enable or disable power from that Stack. This would allow power generation control quantization of about 4% of total power. This quantization would allow the Utility-Scale Grid Inverter to accommodate rapid Grid demand variations.

    Thoughts?

  • Gian Luca

    #Italo R.

    interessante e intrigante.
    Speriamo però che sia prima di marzo 2026…..:-)))
    ENGLISH
    Interesting and intriguing.
    Let’s hope, though, that it happens before March 2026….:-)))

  • Axil

    2025-11-04 10:29 Steven Nicholes Karels

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrHdz5yMjBI

    Introduction to Malcolm Bendall’s Thunderstorm Generator (Plasmoid / MSAART Technology)

    Salvation from climate change is at hand.

    What would be the result if an industrial based energy free process is invented that produces power as today but converts all resultant hydrocarbon combustion exhaust into mostly oxygen? What would happen to nuclear power if coal based power is clean?

    If an energy-free industrial process were invented that produced power from hydrocarbons and converted all combustion exhaust into mostly oxygen, the results would be transformative for the global energy landscape and the environment:

    Environmental Impact: This breakthrough would effectively eliminate the primary driver of climate change (anthropogenic CO2 emissions) and air pollution from hydrocarbon use. The continuous production of oxygen would also have a positive impact on air quality.

    Continuation of the Hydrocarbon Economy: Fossil fuels would immediately become the dominant, “zero-emissions” energy source due to their existing infrastructure, energy density, and newfound environmental friendliness. The economic incentive to transition away from them for climate reasons would vanish.

    Economic Shifts: The global economy would experience massive shifts. The oil and gas industries would boom without the environmental constraints they currently face. The costs associated with environmental damage and health issues from fossil fuels would dramatically decrease.

    Geopolitical Changes: Resource-rich nations with large fossil fuel reserves (like the Middle East, Russia, and the U.S.) would maintain or increase their geopolitical influence. Energy security would be greatly enhanced as these fuels become truly sustainable and circular.

    Impact on Nuclear Power:
    If coal-based and other hydrocarbon power sources became completely clean, producing power as today but with no pollution, the nuclear power industry would face significant challenges and likely become less competitive:

    Loss of a Key Advantage: A primary selling point of nuclear power is that it is a zero-carbon, clean, and reliable energy source, which is a major factor in the global effort to decarbonize the energy sector and combat climate change. If fossil fuels shared this advantage, nuclear power would lose a key differentiator.

    Economic Viability: Nuclear power plants are expensive to build and operate, and they produce radioactive waste that requires long-term management. Clean, energy-free hydrocarbon production would likely be much cheaper (due to existing infrastructure and a “free” conversion process) and would not have the same waste disposal concerns. This would make nuclear power less economically attractive.

    Reduced Incentive for Innovation: The immense investment and research into advanced nuclear technologies (like fusion) or carbon capture and storage (CCS) for existing fossil fuel plants are driven by the need for clean energy. With a perfectly clean fossil fuel option, these incentives would diminish.

    Potential Niche Roles: Nuclear power might still be used for specific applications where its unique properties are beneficial (e.g., in certain industrial processes or as a resilient, independent power source in some regions), but its large-scale role in the general electricity market would likely be marginal in comparison to the suddenly limitless and perfectly clean hydrocarbon supply.

    Public Perception: While nuclear power is inherently safe when regulated properly, public concern over accidents and waste disposal persists. The hypothetical clean fossil fuel would not carry this public perception burden.

    In essence, this invention would make fossil fuels an ideal, virtually limitless, and environmentally perfect energy source, fundamentally altering the energy market and likely marginalizing nuclear power unless it could offer other, compelling, and unique advantages.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    Thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Italo R.

    Good morning, everyone!

    In March 2026, Italy will take center stage as a catalyst for global renewal, ushering in a new golden age.

    This video seems tailor-made to predict the arrival of the ECAT!

    https://www.facebook.com/share/v/17gZuSD4Mg/ (it’s in italian)

    The Simpsons have never been wrong!

    Okay, these are just predictions from a cartoon, not to be taken too seriously.

    That said, it’s intriguing how they’ve seemingly foreseen real future events.

    Let’s treat it as a bit of fun.

    The date isn’t far off, and in reality, we all know something big is brewing…

    Best Regards,

    Italo R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    Assumptions: In 2026, you can produce and deliver 1 million 500W NGU Power Generators, all of which will be used for Grid Electrical Energy production.

    “In the U.S., the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated by grid electrical power generation is approximately 0.81 pounds of CO2 per kilowatt-hour (kWh).”

    This computes to 3,548 standard tons of CO2 not produced per year per MW.

    With 500 MW of NGU power, this means an avoidance of about 1.77 million tons of CO2 per year.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Greg Smith:
    Thank you for your moving comment. I remember Prof. Dennis Bushnell, he was a man of immense intellectual honesty,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Greg Smith

    Andrea,

    Sad news, a brilliant friend, a legendary NASA scientist, and big believer in your science, Dennis Bushnell has passed away.

    https://www.rhaydensmith.com/obituary/dennis-bushnell

    Several years ago, Dennis told me: “We asked our best physicists at NASA Langley to evaluate Rossi’s science and the consensus was that it was legitimate.” He felt like it was the future.

    Dennis will be missed.

    Greg

  • Andrea Rossi

    Italo R:
    This does not depend on me,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Italo R.

    Dr. Rossi, good morning.

    Regarding the new 1 MW plant under construction, could you provide us with informations on the state of preparation, authorizations and certifications, if these informations are not confidential? Thank you.

    Kind Regards,
    Italo R.

  • Anonymous

    Dear Readers of the JoNP,
    It is obvious that the global licensee of Leonardo Corporation wants to have tested for a reasonable period the Ecats delivered to the intermediate stations of the partner before delivery to a global market.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dear Readers:
    Please go to
    http://www.rossilivecat.com
    to find comments published in other posts of this blog,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jim Rice:
    Of course,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Jim Rice

    Dr.Rossi:
    It occurs to me that the electrical substation strategy could slow down the inevitable I.P. theft and reverse engineering of the Ecat which will occur after product rollout, due to the increased security around electrical substations, and the reduced number of people who would have access to Ecats. This would work only if the sale of Ecats to individuals was delayed. Is this being considered?

    Jim Rice

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    Now “on the tip of the spear” there are the intermediate power lines stations, what will happen eventually does not depend on me,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    If Grid Electrical Power production is “on the tip of the spear”, what goals do you have for 2026?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    As I said, EV application are not on the tip of our spear, so far; anyway, thank you for your insight,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Dear Andrea Rossi,

    The Tesla vehicles have a problem when they are low on battery charge and the ambient temperature is very low. They cannot be super charged. This event happened a couple of years ago for Teslas parked outside when it was very cold and they were not connected to a charging system. If the Tesla has adequate energy in its battery system, then the car will automatically pre-condition the battery to accept Fast Charging. Otherwise, the Tesla may not allow Fast Charging even though a Supercharge is connected. The Tesla will not charge or pre-heat the battery when it is parked (and not connected to a charger).

    The other problem is running out of energy (battery) and not at a charging site. It will likely take several hours to get a Tesla service vehicle to the location and to charge enough for a short trip to the nearest Supercharger.

    I suggest that a single NGU Power Generator (0.5 or 1.0 kW) permanently mounted in the Tesla and continuously charging would address these issues. Of course, the Tesla engineers would have to address the changes to the vehicle to support this modification. Over a 24-hour period, additional energy of 12 to 24 kW-hrs would be made available. If the added cost to the sales price of the Tesla was of $2,000 to $4,000 USD, and the owner avoided most trips to the Supercharger, it would be well worth the cost.

    In an urban environment, the average commute distance is around 15 miles on-way. So, with an energy efficiency of around 0.25 kW-hrs per mile, the 30 miles of daily travel would require 7.5 kW-hrs each day.

    If a Tesla runs out of battery energy and it was not at a charging station, a wait of an hour or two could provide enough energy to reach a nearby charger.

    thoughts?

  • Andrea Rossi

    JJ:
    I am not able to answer,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Dott. Alessanfro Toninelli,
    Thank you for your support,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Pietro:
    I cannot answer, obviously, neither in positive or in negative, so far,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Pietro

    Buongiorno Dr Rossi,

    I cinesi sono coinvolti nella fabbricazione dei suoi prodotti?

    grazie

    Are the Chinese involved in the manufacturing of your products?

    Thank you.

  • Caro Dott. Rossi, cari partecipanti al forum,

    penso di fare cosa gradita a chi è italiano, segnalando che il blog EcatNews.it è riattivato e sarà aggiornato con costanza.
    Preciso che il blog non ha nessuno scopo di lucro, ne ha alcuna affiliazione con la Leonardo Corp o i suoi partner.

    E’ nato anni addietro dalla sola volontà di diffondere le informazioni in relazione a questa straordinaria invenzione che rimarrà come una delle principali nella storia dell’umanità. Purtroppo la mancanza di tempo ci ha impedito di aggiornarlo costantemente, ma ora, a poche settimane dal previsto rilascio dei primi modelli, è stato deciso di ritornare ad aggiornarlo con costanza.

    Forse può interessare a chi vuole informare persone di lingua italiano in relazione all’eCat.

    In questo articolo una breve introduzione alla tecnologia ecat:
    https://www.ecatnews.it/2025/10/la-rivoluzione-energetica-e-qui-il.html

    News: 10, 100 o 500 Watt? – erogazione corrente AC nativa – modelli a 22kW
    https://www.ecatnews.it/2025/10/news-10-100-o-500-watt-erogazione.html

    I migliori auguri al Dott. Rossi e a tutto il team eCat.

  • JJ

    Dear Andrea Rossi

    In the EU, a company that puts electricity on the grid is obliged to indicate the source from which it comes.
    Taking this into account, we will know fairly quickly who puts the E-cat generated power on the grid?
    Is this correct?

    Best regards
    JJ

  • axil

    @2025-10-29 02:11 Jeff Smathers

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ghUyb1O9tQ&t=21s

    Dr. Rossi has achieved a fundamental breakthrough in understanding the scientific principles behind the vacuum reaction. A core aspect of this discovery is identifying that exciton-polariton condensation (BEC) is the key mechanism allowing electrons to be transformed into a boson-based condensate.

    The field of BEC science is developing rapidly, as the accompanying video explains. Given this fast pace, Dr. Rossi’s theory paper should be periodically updated to keep pace with new developments in the emerging field of polaritronic optics, to which he is a major contributor.

    To appreciate the full scope of vacuum reaction science, all associated systems should be considered.

    As an example, the presence of “tufs” (or quantum vortices) on the anode surface of the SAFIRE system provides insight into the mechanisms behind the SAFIRE reaction. Since both the SAFIRE system and its associated “replicator” system, Vega, produce both transmutation and energy, it suggests that all such related systems operate on the principle of exciton-polariton condensation. These systems are also based on the Casimir effect, which is proposed as the method for producing negative vacuum energy. This negative vacuum energy is then identified as the fundamental energy source for all these vacuum reaction based systems.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jim Kelly:
    Yes,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Arnab Saha:
    As I said, the update at the end of October has been given in the interview made by Frank Acland on EcatWorld. You can find the link in the comment of Frank Acland published here on 2025/10/27 at 11:27 a.m.
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Arnab Saha

    Any update on November?
    It is coming on 2025 or have to wait for 2026?

  • Jim Kelly

    Dr Rossi,
    Is the paper “Ecat SK and Long Range Particle Interactions” published yesterday on the Journal of Nuclear Physics coherent with the mechanism of the Ecat NGU ?
    Best,
    Jim Kelly

  • Svein

    To JoNP’s readers
    AR responds on 29.10.2025 that new data sheets will be available when the products are ready. This is not unexpected.
    How long this will take is not yet clear.
    Pre-orders sent to LC must then be based on their existing data sheets.

    In the latest interview with Fank Acland, AR gives his opinion on which part of the market he considers to be the largest.

    When the primary units are ready, the manufacturer will probably first enter the areas where the risk, for them, seems the lowest.

    Getting into the market as early as possible is obviously of far, far greater importance to the manufacturer than to us users.
    When a working product is available, there will probably be copying attempts from several competitors.
    Launching something “too early” can therefore harm the manufacturer. The launch is an important “balancing act” here.

    Significant and profound changes in the global energy market could make today’s “tariff and trade war” look like a gentle sunset breeze compared to Hurricane Melissa.
    The fact that 4 kg of fully recyclable electronics can replace 100,000 kg of fossil energy sources and prevent 200,000 kg of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is something that hardly anyone who can fully describe the commercial consequences of today.

    The fact that a product does not exist 15 years after the patent was granted shows the complexity of the production.
    The market is not driven by the need for the product, but by whether it is truly available or not.
    Regards Svein

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Energy User,

    It depends on how you define success. If success is getting the greatest amount of energy on the Grid, then do with Grid Providers. If success in the largest numer of end users, then individuals.

    Selling to individuals and hoping they implement successfully and it is reported widely is less than optimal, in my opinion.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Norma:
    Because the Global Licensee so far prefers not to be known, therefore they have delegated Leonardo Corporation to continue, for the time being, to collect the pre-orders on their behalf,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steven Nicholes Karels:
    Thank you for your suggestion,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Energy User

    @Steven Nicholes Karels –
    I think the opposite approach is true – in order to make the ecat a success, it will need a social media hype. This can only happen with personal devices in the hand of end users, not with an installation in a big box somewhere in an industrial compound.

  • Norma

    Dr Rossi,
    Why is still Leonardo Corporation collecting the pre-orders instead of the Global Licensee ?

  • Steven Nicholes Karels

    Andrea,

    I know you have a lot of pre-orders and a promise to deliver them.

    However, looking at what is the most favorable outcome for humanity, I strongly recommend all available resources in Production go for the Grid power approach.

    The pre-orders will take a lot of manpower just coordinating the individual sales and the necessary sales support that goes hand-in-hand with consumer sales.

    I believe, if the Grid Power Generator is technically successful, it will and should consume all that can be produced and in the shortest amount of time. This would have the most favorable effect on all of humanity.

    You should, of course, continue as Chief Scientist, and continue to develop the technology.

    Thoughts?

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jeff Smathers:
    Thank you for your support,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Prof

    Jeff Smathers:
    The main rigorous theoretical paper is
    Ecat SK and Long Range Particle Interactions
    After reaching on Researchgate 170000 readings, more than all the millions of publications on Researchgate, the paper has been published on the Journal of Nuclear Physics
    http://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com
    Prof

  • Ambrogio

    Honestly, will the deliveries start with the grid substations ?
    Ambrogio

  • Jeff Smathers

    Thank you Andrea,
    My desire to fully understand the physics …. Of course, how exciting it will be to understand the physics.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Steve D:
    We are working with prototypes and will publish the datasheets when we will have a completed product. So far the sole datasheet available are the ones published on http://www.ecat.com
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Steve D

    Dear Andrea Rossi 

    As per A. Horning question 2025-10-27

    1) Does the Ecat NGU generate directly 230V sinusoidal alternating current at 50 Hz or 60Hz.

    2) Pure or modified sine output?

    3) Does the Ecat NGU have both 12DC and or 230AC outputs or are there two versions?

    D4) Does the Ecat NGU have a floating output for series connections, for both AC or DC?

    4a) Is 22kV AC achieved by series connections of Ecat NGU?

    4b) Or is processing done at a low voltage and a transformer required to step up to 22kV?

    5) Is the NGU fitted with syncronisation inputs/ outputs 

    2025-10-27 14:34 A.Hornung

    Dear Dr. Rossi,

    the Ecat ngu generates directly 230 V or is this the version with an inverter?

    Best regards

    A.Hornung

    AR Directly

  • Andrea Rossi

    Calle H:
    Depends on the situations,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Calle H

    Dear Dr. Rossi,
    Does the 10W NGU include the lens (item 32) mentioned in your patent AU 2021282556 Al?
    Kind regards,
    Calle H

  • Andrea Rossi

    A.Hornung:
    Directly,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    WaltC:
    Thank you for the suggestions,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Jeff Smathers,
    To answer would be necessary to make experiments, but…to which avail ?
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

  • Andrea Rossi

    Alfonso Troisi Lopez:
    Obviously, the questions I cannot answer are the questions they want not to answer so far,
    Warm Regards,
    A.R.

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