by E.N. Tsyganov
(UA9 collaboration) University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Texas, USA
Abstract
Recent accelerator experiments on fusion of various elements have clearly demonstrated that the effective cross-sections of these reactions depend on what material the target particle is placed in. In these experiments, there was a significant increase in the probability of interaction when target nuclei are imbedded in a conducting crystal or are a part of it. These experiments open a new perspective on the problem of so-called cold nuclear fusion.
Introduction
Experiments of Fleischmann and Pons made about 20 years ago [1], raised the question about the possibility of nuclear DD fusion at room temperature. Conflicting results of numerous experiments that followed, dampened the initial euphoria, and the scientific community quickly came to common belief, that the results of [1] are erroneous. One of the convincing arguments of skeptics was the lack in these experiments of evidence of nuclear decay products. It was assumed that “if there are no neutrons, therefore is no fusion.” However, quite a large international group of physicists, currently a total of about 100-150 people, continues to work in this direction. To date, these enthusiasts have accumulated considerable experience in the field. The leading group of physicists working in this direction, in our opinion, is the group led by Dr. M. McKubre [2]. Interesting results were also obtained in the group of Dr. Y. Arata [3]. Despite some setbacks with the repeatability of results, these researchers still believe in the existence of the effect of cold fusion, even though they do not fully understand its nature. Some time ago we proposed a possible mechanism to explain the results of cold fusion of deuterium [4]. This work considered a possible mechanism of acceleration of deuterium contaminant atoms in the crystals through the interaction of atoms with long-wavelength lattice vibrations in deformed parts of the crystal. Estimates have shown that even if a very small portion of the impurity atoms (~105) get involved in this process and acquires a few keV energy, this will be sufficient to describe the energy released in experiments [2]. This work also hypothesized that the lifetime of the intermediate nucleus increases with decreasing energy of its excitation, so that so-called “radiation-less cooling” of the excited nucleus becomes possible. In [5], we set out a more detailed examination of the process. Quite recently, a sharp increase of the probability of fusion of various elements was found in accelerator experiments for the cases when the target particles are either imbedded in a metal crystal or are a part of the conducting crystal. These experiments compel us to look afresh on the problem of cold fusion.
Recent experiments on fusion of elements on accelerators
For atom-atom collisions the expression of the probability of penetration through a Coulomb barrier for bare nuclei should be modified, because atomic electrons screen the repulsion effect of nuclear charge. Such a modification for the isolated atom collisions has been performed in H.J. Assenbaum and others [6] using static Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The experimental results that shed further light on this problem were obtained in relatively recent works C. Rolfs [7] and K. Czerski [8]. Review of earlier studies on this subject is contained in the work of L. Bogdanova [9]. In these studies a somewhat unusual phenomenon was observed: the sub-barrier fusion cross sections of elements depend strongly on the physical state of the matter in which these processes are taking place. Figure 1 (left) shows the experimental data [8], demonstrating the dependence of the astrophysical factor S(E) for the fusion of elements of sub-threshold nuclear reaction on the aggregate state of the matter that contains the target nucleus 7Li. The same figure (right) presents similar data [7] for the DD reaction, when the target nucleus was embedded in a zirconium crystal. It must be noted that the physical nature of the phenomenon of increasing cross synthesis of elements in the case where this process occurs in the conductor crystal lattice is still not completely clear.
Figure 1. Up – experimental data [8], showing the energy dependence of the S-factor for sub-threshold nuclear reaction on the aggregate state of matter that contains the nucleus 7Li. Down – the similar data [7] for the reaction of DD, when the target nucleus is placed in a crystal of zirconium. The data are well described by the introduction of the screening potential of about 300 eV.
The phenomenon is apparently due to the strong anisotropy of the electrical fields of the crystal lattice in the presence of free conduction electrons. Data for zirconium crystals for the DD reactions can be well described by the introduction of the screening potential of about 300 eV. It is natural to assume that the corresponding distance between of two atoms of deuterium in these circumstances is less than the molecular size of deuterium. In the case of the screening potential of 300 eV, the distance of convergence of deuterium atoms is ~510ˆ12 m, which is about an order of magnitude smaller than the size of a molecule of deuterium, where the screening potential is 27 eV. As it turned out, the reaction rate for DD fusion in these conditions is quite sufficient to describe the experimental results of McKubre and others [2]. Below we present the calculation of the rate process similar to the mu-catalysis where, instead of the exchange interaction by the muon, the factor of bringing together two deuterons is the effect of conduction electrons and the lattice of the crystal.
Calculation of the DD fusion rate for “Metal-Crystal” catalysis
The expression for the cross section of synthesis in the collision of two nuclei can be written as
where for the DD fusion
Here the energy E is shown in keV in the center of mass. S(E) astrophysical factor (at low energies it can be considered constant), the factor 1/E reflects de Broglie dependence of cross section on energy. The main energy dependence of the fusion is contained in an expression
that determines the probability of penetration of the deuteron through the Coulomb barrier. From the above expressions, it is evident that in the case of DD collisions and in the case of DDμcatalysis, the physics of the processes is the same. We use this fact to determine the probability of DD fusion in the case of the “metal-crystalline” DD-catalysis. In the case of DDμ- catalysis the size of the muon deuterium molecules (ion+) is ~5×10ˆ13m. Deuterium nuclei approach such a distance at a kinetic energy ~3 keV. Using the expression (1), we found that the ratio of σ(3.0 keV)/σ(0.3 keV) = 1.05×10ˆ16. It should be noted that for the free deuterium molecule this ratio [ σ(3.0keV)/σ(0.03keV)] is about 10ˆ73. Experimental estimations of the fusion rate for the (DDμ)+ case presented in the paper by Hale [10]:
Thus, we obtain for the “metal-crystalline” catalysis DD fusion rate (for zirconium case):
Is this enough to explain the experiments on cold fusion? We suppose that a screening potential for palladium is about the same as for zirconium. 1 cmˆ3 (12.6 g) of palladium contains 6.0210ˆ23(12.6/106.4) = 0.710ˆ23 atoms. Fraction of crystalline cells with dual (or more) the number of deuterium atoms at a ratio of D: Pd ~1:1 is the case in the experiments [2] ~0.25 (e.g., for Poisson distribution). Crystal cell containing deuterium atoms 0 or 1, in the sense of a fusion reaction, we consider as “passive”. Thus, the number of “active” deuterium cells in 1 cmˆ3 of palladium is equal to 1.810ˆ22. In this case, in a 1 cmˆ3 of palladium the reaction rate will be
this corresponds to the energy release of about 3 kW. This is quite sufficient to explain the results of McKubre group [2]. Most promising version for practical applications would be Platinum (Pt) crystals, where the screening potential for d(d,p)t fusion at room temperature is about 675 eV [11]. In this case, DD fusion rate would be:
The problem of “nonradiative” release of nuclear fusion energy
As we have already noted, the virtual absence of conventional nuclear decay products of the compound nucleus was widely regarded as one of the paradoxes of DD fusion with the formation of 4He in the experiments [2]. We proposed the explanation of this paradox in [4]. We believe that after penetration through the Coulomb barrier at low energies and the materialization of the two deuterons in a potential well, these deuterons retain their identity for some time. This time defines the frequency of further nuclear reactions. Figure 2 schematically illustrates the mechanism of this process. After penetration into the compound nucleus at a very low energy, the deuterons happen to be in a quasi-stabile state seating in the opposite potential wells. In principle, this system is a dual “electromagnetic-nuclear” oscillator. In this oscillator the total kinetic energy of the deuteron turns into potential energy of the oscillator, and vice versa. In the case of very low-energy, the amplitude of oscillations is small, and the reactions with nucleon exchange are suppressed.
Fig. 2. Schematic illustration of the mechanism of the nuclear decay frequency dependence on the compound nucleus 4He* excitation energy for the merging deuterons is presented. The diagram illustrates the shape of the potential well of the compound nucleus. The edges of the potential well are defined by the strong interaction, the dependence at short distances Coulomb repulsion.
The lifetime of the excited 4He* nucleus can be considered in the formalism of the usual radioactive decay. In this case,
Here ν is the decay frequency, i.e., the reciprocal of the decay time τ. According to our hypothesis, the decay rate is a function of excitation energy of the compound nucleus E. Approximating with the first two terms of the polynomial expansion, we have:
Here ν° is the decay frequency at asymptotically low excitation energy. According to quantum-mechanical considerations, the wave functions of deuterons do not completely disappear with decreasing energy, as illustrated by the introduction of the term ν°. The second term of the expansion describes the linear dependence of the frequency decay on the excitation energy. The characteristic nuclear frequency is usually about 10ˆ22 sˆ-1. In fusion reaction D+D4He there is a broad resonance at an energy around 8 MeV. Simple estimates by the width of the resonance and the uncertainty relation gives a lifetime of the intermediate state of about 0.810ˆ22 s. The “nuclear” reaction rate falls approximately linearly with decreasing energy. Apparently, a group of McKubre [2] operates in an effective energy range below 2 keV in the c.m.s. Thus, in these experiments, the excitation energy is at least 4×10ˆ3 times less than in the resonance region. We assume that the rate of nuclear decay is that many times smaller. The corresponding lifetime is less than 0.3×10ˆ18 s. This fall in the nuclear reaction rate has little effect on the ratio of output decay channels of the compound nucleus, but down to a certain limit. This limit is about 6 keV. A compound nucleus at this energy is no longer an isolated system, since virtual photons from the 4He* can reach to the nearest electron and carry the excitation energy of the compound nucleus. The total angular momentum carried by the virtual photons can be zero, so this process is not prohibited. For the distance to the nearest electron, we chose the radius of the electrons in the helium atom (3.1×10ˆ11 m). From the uncertainty relations, duration of this process is about 10ˆ-19 seconds. In the case of “metal-crystalline” catalysis the distance to the nearest electrons can be significantly less and the process of dissipation of energy will go faster. It is assumed that after an exchange of multiple virtual photons with the electrons of the environment the relatively small excitation energy of compound nucleus 4He* vanishes, and the frequency of the compound nucleus decaying with the emission of nucleons will be determined only by the term ν°. For convenience, we assume that this value is no more than 10ˆ12-10ˆ14 per second. In this case, the serial exchange of virtual photons with the electrons of the environment in a time of about 10ˆ-16 will lead to the loss of ~4 MeV from the compound nucleus (after which decays with emission of nucleons are energetically forbidden), and then additional exchange will lead to the loss of all of the free energy of the compound nucleus (24 MeV) and finally the nucleus will be in the 4He ground state. The energy dissipation mechanism of the compound nucleus 4He* with virtual photons, discussed above, naturally raises the question of the electromagnetic-nuclear structure of the excited compound nucleus.
Fig. 3. Possible energy diagram of the excited 4He* nucleus is presented.
Figure 3 represents a possible energy structure of the excited 4He* nucleus and changes of its spatial configuration in the process of releasing of excitation energy. Investigation of this process might be useful to study the quark-gluon dynamics and the structure of the nucleus.
Discussion
Perhaps, in this long-standing history of cold fusion, finally the mystery of this curious and enigmatic phenomenon is gradually being opened. Besides possible benefits that the practical application of this discovery will bring, the scientific community should take into account the sociological lessons that we have gained during such a long ordeal of rejection of this brilliant, though largely accidental, scientific discovery. We would like to express the special appreciation to the scientists that actively resisted the negative verdict imposed about twenty years ago on this topic by the vast majority of nuclear physicists.
Acknowledgements
The author thanks Prof. S.B. Dabagov, Dr. M. McKubre, Dr. F. Tanzela, Dr. V.A. Kuzmin, Prof. L.N. Bogdanova and Prof. T.V. Tetereva for help and valuable discussions. The author is grateful to Prof. V.G. Kadyshevsky, Prof. V.A. Rubakov, Prof. S.S. Gershtein, Prof. V.V. Belyaev, Prof. N.E. Tyurin, Prof. V.L. Aksenov, Prof. V.M. Samsonov, Prof. I.M. Gramenitsky, Prof. A.G. Olshevsky, Prof. V.G. Baryshevsky for their help and useful advice. I am grateful to Dr. VM. Golovatyuk, Prof. M.D. Bavizhev, Dr. N.I. Zimin, Prof. A.M. Taratin for their continued support. I am also grateful to Prof. A. Tollestrup, Prof. U. Amaldi, Prof. W. Scandale, Prof. A. Seiden, Prof. R. Carrigan, Prof. A. Korol, Prof. J. Hauptmann, Prof. V. Guidi, Prof. F. Sauli, Prof. G. Mitselmakher, Prof. A. Takahashi, and Prof. X. Artru for stimulating feedback. Continued support in this process was provided with my colleagues and the leadership of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, and I am especially grateful to Prof. R. Parkey, Prof. N. Rofsky, Prof. J. Anderson and Prof. G. Arbique. I express special thanks to my wife, N.A. Tsyganova for her stimulating ideas and uncompromising support.
References
1. M. Fleischmann, S. Pons, M. W. Anderson, L. J. Li, M. Hawkins, J. Electro anal. Chem. 287, 293 (1990).
2. M. C. H. McKubre, F. Tanzella, P. Tripodi, and P. Haglestein, In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 2000, Lerici (La Spezia), Ed. F. Scaramuzzi, (Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy, 2001), p 3; M. C. H. McKubre, In Condensed Matter Nuclear Science: Proceedings Of The 10th International Conference On Cold Fusion; Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 21-29 August, 2003, Ed by P. L. Hagelstein and S. R. Chubb, (World Sci., Singapore, 2006). M. C. H. McKubre, “Review of experimental measurements involving dd reactions”, Presented at the Short Course on LENR for ICCF-10, August 25, 2003.
3. Y. Arata, Y. Zhang, “The special report on research project for creation of new energy”, J. High Temp. Soc. (1) (2008).
4. E. Tsyganov, in Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 2010, Vol. 73, No. 12, pp. 1981–1989. Original Russian text published in Yadernaya Fizika, 2010, Vol. 73, No. 12, pp. 2036–2044.
5. E.N. Tsyganov, “The mechanism of DD fusion in crystals”, submitted to IL NUOVO CIMENTO 34 (4-5) (2011), in Proceedings of the International Conference Channeling 2010 in Ferrara, Italy, October 3-8 2010.
6. H.J. Assenbaum, K. Langanke and C. Rolfs, Z. Phys. A – Atomic Nuclei 327, p. 461-468 (1987).
7. C. Rolfs, “Enhanced Electron Screening in Metals: A Plasma of the Poor Man”, Nuclear Physics News, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2006.
8. A. Huke, K. Czerski, P. Heide, G. Ruprecht, N. Targosz, and W. Zebrowski, “Enhancement of deuteron-fusion reactions in metals and experimental implications”, PHYSICAL REVIEW C 78, 015803 (2008).
9. L.N. Bogdanova, Proceedings of International Conference on Muon Catalyzed Fusion and Related Topics, Dubna, June 18–21, 2007, published by JINR, E4, 15-2008-70, p. 285-293
10. G.M. Hale, “Nuclear physics of the muon catalyzed d+d reactions”, Muon Catalyzed Fusion 5/6 (1990/91) p. 227-232.
11. F. Raiola (for the LUNA Collaboration), B. Burchard, Z. Fulop, et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.31, 1141 (2005); Eur. Phys. J. A 27, s01, 79 (2006).
by E.N. Tsyganov
(UA9 collaboration) University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Texas, USA
Dear Mr. Rossi, during the third part validation you cooperate with the team of testers or once you have given your Cats for beginning the test you became an unaware spectator of the results ?
Is the team composed by reliable people (physicists, researchers)whose word can not be challenged by anybody ?
Do you think if the result will be positive (we all hope so !) finally the “traditional” science will start to focus to your invention ?
Have you ever think to reveal to the world your e-cat catalyst to redeem yourself against all your enemies ?
Un abbraccio Bruce Dickinson
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
Thank you,
A.R.
Andrea,
No reply necessary. Just thought I would give you a heads up. Your invention is a concern to lots of folks.
All the best,
Charlie
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
I cannot comment issues I do not know well.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
I do not know the particulars of the issue. I cannot comment things I do not know well.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Andrea,
Does what happened to the plasma engine folks, Inteligentry, just the other day worry you? If Inteligentry was doing something illegal, then OK. But, if Inteligentry was shut down because of its potential commercial threat to the status quo, then any innovative company – especially yours and even including my own should be concerned.
Charlie
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
Yes, we have and are attached to the commercial offers.
You can send a request to
info@leonardocorp1996.com
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
My follow up is: Do you have specs available for the 1mw lower temperature e-cat configuration?
Charlie
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
The specs will certainly be available when the Hot Cat will go for sale.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I’m wondering if specs are available for prospective buyers of your hot-cat.
Charlie
Dear Callisto Genco:
1- the application to automotive will need at least 20 years
2- the direct conversion is in progress
3- if you go through this blog and all its links and through the articles on the Journal of Nuclear Physics you will find about a thousand documents about our work; also go to
http://www.leonardocorp1996.com
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Sono oramai giorni che leggo gli avanzamenti della fusione fredda. Un peccato che si sia sprecato del tempo per il MANKIND dopo l’annuncio del 1989. Immagino che adesso gli interessi commerciali ed industriali siano altissimi e quindi la prudenza di chi ci ha lavorato fino ad oggi debba essere molto alta.
Qualcuno ha già pensato ad applicazioni nel campo automotive ? La conversione diretta dell’energia liberata in energia elettrica e’ stata già’ studiata ? Ci sono dei documenti disponibili ?
Le autorizzazioni e-cat saranno valide in quali paesi ?
Cordialità’
Callisto Genco
Dear Ecat-ering:
The commercialization of the domestic E-Cat is not yet foreseeable: it depends from the safety certification process.
Thank you anyway for your so kind attention.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Salve Rossi, come va la pianificazione per la produzione dell’ecat da casa ?
Ora ha una previsione definitiva per la loro commercializzazione ?
PS Da questa settimana i nostri salami sono pronti per l’ ecatring con lei , Stremenos e gli altri .
Saluti Ecat-ering
Dear Luiz Carlos de Almeida:
For commercial issues please contact
info@leonardocorp1996.com
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Andrea Rossi, I would like to buy a plant of 1 MW. I wonder also if it would be delivered in Brasilia (capital of Brazil).Thank you.
Dear Francesco Toro:
I suppose a couple of years will be enough to arrive to the domestic certified.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrew
OK … OK … I understand.
Unfortunately, I also understand that in this context, for the remaining 10 or 15 years (if I’m okay) life I have left is very likely that I will ever have the satisfaction of seeing your creature pump hot water (or cold water with a converter ) to my fan convectors.
Patience!
In the short term otherwise will invest my savings.
Thank you Andrea for your timely responses. I am a little disappointed but, I repeat, Patience.
Warm Greetings
Dear Francesco Toro:
1- we cannot deliver domestic E-Cats, as I said, before certification
2- we already are doing restricted tests
3- same as in 2
4- same as in 2
5- we collect the data an make the consequent modifications as a standard procedure
6- it is impossible, legal actions are infinite in these cases. The sole protection is the industrial secret. The procedure suggested by you is unapplicable in a context of IP protection. As I already said, the domestic apparatuses can be protected only by their competitiveness, but such competitiveness is possible only with big numbers and big numbers are impossible if the domestic E-Cat is not certified.
The industrial plants we are delivering are anyway useful also for the certification of the domestic, through the statistics: it takes just time and numbers.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
It was quite clear that you could not send all the E-Cat.
I understand that you have not dared to industrially produce many Cat And without being able to have the necessary permissions testing.
But the broadest sense of my question was as follows:
1) choose at least fifty families in 25 different countries, using a selection made from local contacts that can provide guarantees of seriousness. These families must have internet service;
2) build at least fifty prototypes E-Cat (indeed, I’m sure that you already have and are sleeping somewhere);
3) install one or two prototype sample for each nation ‘under normal conditions’ monitored 24 hours 24 electronically, in order to acquire all the possible conditions of use and all the problems in the short and long term;
4) Record any anomalies, make the changes to increase the reliability of the product and finally see the results dil short-term (one year).
5) document collecting the testimonies of satisfaction and / or techniques in the various groups involved in the experiment.
6) Take all necessary precautions so that the legal and technical devices and can not be tampered Cat installed for rear operations engineering.
Local coordinators will be selected by you personally or by people you trust.
Local coordinators must be at least graduate from technical school or college and they will have to sign a service contract temporary devices with strong legal protection until the end of the experiment (at least one year) with Leonardo Corporation.
Dear Andrea, the product is revolutionary and therefore should be revolutionary method to speed up production.
This may be an idea that might work.
I want to see any technical test withhold approval after 50 positive experiences documented (with beneficiary families free of charge) in 25 or thirty different countries!
Obviously I’m not finding the hot water!
But I would like to contribute ideas or physically direct to hurry!
I understand that you are busy in the technical phases but you Instructs someone else for the preliminary stages!
If we do so you quit stalling!
Excuse my insistence but believe me! I strongly believe and I really want!
Warm Regards
F.T.
Caro Andrea
Era del tutto evidente che non avresti potuto inviare a tutti un E-Cat.
Capisco benissimo che non ti sei azzardato a produrre industrialmente tanti E Cat senza poter disporre delle necessarie autorizzazioni di collaudo.
Ma il senso più ampio della mia domanda era il seguente:
1) scegliere una cinquantina di nuclei familiari almeno in 25 nazioni diverse, utilizzando una selezione fatta da referenti locali che possano dare garanzie di serietà. Dette famiglie devono disporre di servizio internet;
2) costruire almeno una cinquantina di prototipi E-Cat (anzi, sono sicuro che ne sei già in possesso e stanno dormendo da qualche parte);
3) installare uno o due prototipi campione per ciascuna nazione “in normali condizioni di utilizzo” monitorabili 24 ore su 24 in via telematica, in modo da acquisire tutte le possibili condizioni d’uso e tutte le problematiche a breve ed a lungo termine;
4) Registrare tutte le eventuali anomalie, apportare le modifiche per il l’incremento dell’affidabilità del prodotto ed infine vedere i risultati dil breve periodo (almeno un anno).
5) documentare raccogliendo le testimonianze di soddisfazione e/o tecniche nelle varie famiglie coinvolte nell’esperimento.
6) Prendere tutte le precauzioni legali e tecniche affinchè gli apparati E Cat installati non possano essere manomessi per operazioni di retro ingegneria.
I referenti locali dovranno essere selezionati da te personalmente o da uomini di tua fiducia.
I referenti locali dovranno essere almeno diplomati di scuola tecnica o laureati ed essi dovranno firmare un contratto di assistenza temporaneo con forti dispositivi di tutela legale fino al termine dell’esperimento (almeno un anno) con la Leonardo Corporation.
Caro Andrea il prodotto è rivoluzionario e quindi rivoluzionario dovrebbe essere il metodo per accelerarne la produzione.
Questa può essere una idea che potrebbe funzionare.
Voglio vedere qualunque tecnico collaudatore rifiutare l’approvazione dopo 50 esperienze positive documentate (con famiglie beneficiarie gratuitamente) in 25 o trenta nazioni diverse!
Ovviamente non sto scoprendo l’acqua calda!
Ma vorrei dare un contributo di idee oppure fisicamente diretto per sbrigarci!
Capisco che tu sei impegnatissimo nelle fasi tecniche ma tu incarica qualcun altro per le fasi propedeutiche!
Se non facciamo così non si esce dallo stallo!
Scusa la mia insistenza ma credimi! Io ci credo e ci tengo fortemente!
Cari Saluti
F.T.
Dear Francesco Toro:
1- we cannot deliver apparatuses without certification, indipendently if they are sold, leased or whatever.
2- IP protection will allow us to deliver the domestic apparatuses only if we will be able to produce them in high economy scale. I already have explained this issue many times in this blog.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
The 1 MW plants are already for sale.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Francesco Toro and Andrea Rossi,
Very glad to see others are as impatient as I am. I had a conversation with an electrical engineer who is at present building a chip mill in NC to export wood chips to Russia. He wanted to know if the 1mw hot-cat will be ready to supply him energy for his plant.
Charlie Sutherland
Caro Andrea
Non vendermelo!
Prestamelo…così non ci sarà il pericolo che tu venga accusato di una vendita non permessa.
Al limite ti pago una cauzione per l’eventuale danneggiamento, naturalmente firmando una liberatoria ed un impegno di non manomissione finalizzata al segreto industriale.
Capisco che per te non sia facile fare questo, ma se continua così la mia casa verrà riscaldata alle calende greche.
Deve esistere una soluzione.
Pensaci!
Dear Andrew
Don’t sell it
Let me try any loan … so there will be no danger that you will be accused of a sale is not permitted.
The limit you pay a deposit for any damage, of course signing a release and a commitment not to tamper aimed at trade secret.
I understand that for you it is not easy to do this, but if this continues my house will be heated at “Greek calende”.
It must exist a solution
Think …!
Tanks
Warm Regards
F.T.
Dear Francesco Toro,
Your comment is important because puts a problem of general interest for all the persons that have made a pre-order for a domestic E-Cat. As you know, all the persons that made a pre-order, like you, have not been requested to pay any money, because we cannot confirm the acceptation of the order until the E-Cat is certified and for sale; every person who has made a pre-order will receive, at that point, a precise offer and will be free to accept to confirm the pre-order or retrive it, obviously paying nothing at all in this last case.
We have obtained the safety certification for our 1 MW E-Cat.
We cannot sell domestic E-Cats, because they have not been certified, and the way you suggest should be, for us, an elusion of the law. We must fully respect the law.
Again thank you for your enthusiasm, which is the source of your impacience…
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
I have perfect technical knowledge to run a small unit with E-Cat home.
I dont care about permissions of cowards technical who pull the long behind a screen of statistics of industrial use.
If there are technical and have all the equipment available for the measurement of any physical quantity can make all the necessary safety tests! Otherwise they are not capable.
We have already discussed the most important dangers of failure and we have already seen that the maximum Cat And can melt nickel and stop in intrinsic safety.
We measured the residual radiation emanated and we have seen, the measurements reported, which are much lower than the legal limits.
With regard to tampering by inexperienced, the manual obliges the user to consult to leave intact the appliance. What do we want more?
Well, at this point I declare myself an industrialist and I want to buy a E-Cat signing a disclaimer for Leonardo Corporation or who represents it, taking me all responsibility, both for the respect of operating procedures, both in terms of conservation of copyright.
Send me an E Cat?
Thank you
Warm Regards
F.T.
Dear Francesco Toro:
I understand your impatience, I agree with you. The domestic E-Cats are too a big liability for the certificators, because they will not be operated by professional and certified operators. In a domestic apparatus there is not even the certainty that the manual will be read by the Customer. In this situation is necessary a sufficient diffusion of the industrial plants to get the statistics necessary to make sustainable the liability to a safety certificator.
It is just matter of time, we must be patient.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Caro Andrea
Dear Andrew
I have postponed the purchase of a fireplace high-performance boiler, hoping in yours E-Cat and, better still, of your Hot Cat.
It seems me to understand that you are pushing a lot on the industrial fittings to tall temperature and that little time stays you to define the small ones And Cat that, according to me, they would have all over the world an exponential diffusion.
A simple question:
But these accidents of permissions where are stopped?
Warm Regards
F.T.
Caro Andrea
Ho rinviato l’acquisto di un camino caldaia ad alto rendimento, sperando nel tuo E-Cat e, meglio ancora, del tuo Hot Cat.
Mi sembra di capire che stai spingendo molto sugli impianti industriali ad alta temperatura e che ti resti poco tempo per definire i piccoli E Cat che, secondo me, avrebbero una diffusione esponenziale in tutto il mondo.
Una semplice domanda:
Ma questi accidenti di permessi dove si sono fermati?
Caldi Saluti
F.T.
Dear Michele Dalessandro:
Hot Cat modules.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Mr Rossi,
thanks for your kind reply.
Just a little explanation: what type of device are the independent tests based upon?
Regards
Michele Dalessandro
Dear Michele Dalessandro:
To make short a long story:
1- indipendent third party tests are in course, the publication will be probably made within February/March, indipendently from the results, on a scientific magazine after peer reviewing
2- we are manufacturing industrial plants, whose delivery is foreseen starting from March/April , together with our USA Partner
3- we are focusing on Hot Cats ( E-Cats at high temperature) fueled by electric power or gas
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Mr Rossi,
since I haven’t been following this blog for quite some time, could you please resume for me what is the current state of the art of your accomplishments?
Regards
Michele Dalessandro
Dear Andrea Rossi,
You are absolutely right. The technology is neither left or right, but the spread of that technology may be affected by politics.
In the current discussions about your e-cat we have inventors who know, advocates who hope, skeptics who distrust, and antagonists who resist. Current dialogues concerning any subject are dominated by politics rather than reason. As your invention is revealed, it will be interesting to see how the mix of inventors, advocates, skeptics, and antagonists will shift about and correlate to politics as the technology spreads.
All the Best
Charlie the Advocate
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
This technology is not of the left and is not of the right, it is of MANKIND.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
“The Man Who Saved the World” Wow, good article….
I was surprised to see this announcement from a left leaning magazine. I know the left touts windmills and solar as the saving technologies, but those efforts could never achieve the individual independence expected with the e-cat.
The Left relies on central power and control to accomplish its goals, and the e-cat is the antithesis of that – promising individual freedom and self reliance.
It’s gonna be fun watching how this all unfolds.
Charlie
Dear Mr. Rossi
We really hope that Hot E-Cat can be operative in the next years.
It is for the fact that our Non Newtonian Propulsion (PNN = propellantess propulsion) need electric energy produced from not heavy power systems.
We demonstrate in 2005 to Italian Army http://www.asps.it/ltramm.jpg that the action reaction principle can be exceeded (there are several clips and urls in http://www.asps.it) .
At the beginning of 2013 our Order (OCCC) exceeded of about 450 times the 2005 PNN by the prototype “Timore del Signore” VF2 http://www.calmagorod.eu/vf2b.jpg http://www.calmagorod.eu/prova96.mpg
In the urls there are more information about our “crusade” 🙂
http://www.calmagorod.eu/occc.htm
http://www.calmagorod.eu/leg.htm
http://www.calmagorod.eu/xx.htm
So we hope to have in the future an electric power system such your Hot-Ecat working in our PNN propulsion systems.
Sincerely
Emidio Laureti
Dear Tommaso Di Pietro:
The Party is composed by professors of 4 international Universities, and their work is very complex. It does not depend on me, and, as I said, I do not know where it will be published and who are the peer reviewers. It is a very serious thing. I am very worried of this. I do not know the results of the report. I assume it will be published by February, but I cannot say that it is sure, as I expalined. New tests will be made in February, to confirm the results already obtained. Being an international commission ( from different and distant parts of the World) the reviewing times are not very simple to coordinate, I have been told. The news of this week, while I am in the USA, is that the results need further tests to be confirmed beyond any doubt.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Buongiorno ingegner Rossi.
Mi perdoni…ma siamo tutti veramente impazienti ma allo stesso tempo preoccupati relativamente alla validazione della sua tecnologia che, per adesso,almeno agli occhi del grande pubblico,puo’ avvenire solo tramite la pubblicazione del report ad opera di terze parti indipendenti.
Qualche giorno fa ci confermava dalle pagine del jonp che la scorsa settimana si son dovute ripetere delle misure da parte degli scienziati responsabili del report stesso.
Questo evento ritarderà la pubblicazione da lei prevista per grandi linee nel mese di febbraio?
Grazie in anticipo e perdoni,se puo’,l’inevitabile pedanteria di chi ha sempre creduto in lei e nel suo lavoro.
In bocca al lupo!!!!
Dear Luiz Carlos de Almeida:
please send your request to
info@leonardocorp1996.com
Thank you for your attention,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Andrea Rossi,
I’ve been following the development of e-cat with much interest. Would like to know the company that manufactures the equipment would be interested in a trade representative of your brand in Brazil. I am very interested in this business, and is knowledgable about the phenomenon of cold fusion. Congratulations and much success.
[…] Rossi continues to communicate directly to supporters through his suitably named Journal Of Nuclear Physics blog, with commercialization still the focus. Several refinements and improvements later – the […]
Dear Charlie Sutherland:
…and of many others !
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Franco:
Yes, that is a patent I made in 1978.
To know what happened when I made that taechnology please go to
http://www.ingandrearossi.com
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Martin Fleischmann
Stanley Pons
Halton Arp
Donald F Scott
Sean McCarthy
Sergio Focardi
Andrea Rossi
Muammer Yildiz
David Lapoint
The works of these folks seem to be coming together shortly to give us a glimpse of the future. These are exciting times. I’m just wondering how it is all going to play out.
It has been fun here on the sidelines.
Thanks for your efforts and all the best,
Charlie Sutherland
Egr. Ing. Rossi.
Trovo qui questa curiosa notizia:
http://www.greenstyle.it/biodiesel-sara-ricavato-dai-rifiuti-organici-13968.html?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter:+GreenStyle&utm_content=2013-01-11+Biodiesel+sar%E0+ricavato+dai+rifiuti+organici
Non era stato lei per primo a iniziare questa impresa non conclusa positivamente?
E’ possibile che se ne riparli?
Saluti cordiali,
Franco
Dear Tommaso Di Pietro:
The publication of the report made from the indipendent party probably will be published in February.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Gentile ing. Rossi,
si sente ancora di confermare i tempi da lei precedentemente indicati per la tanto attesa pubblicazione del report indipendente?
Prima metà febbraio?O i tempi slitteranno un po’?
Grazie e saluti!!!
Dear Joaquim Procopio:
We are studying the “strange energy” we got.
Warmest Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi, I would like to know if the EMF (directly) obtained in your experiments depends on the heating produced by the e-cat or is it an effect “in parallel” to the heating effect and directly dependent on the nuclear reactions .
Dear Tommaso Di Pietro:
I cannot disclose the name of our Partner, therefore I cannot answer in positive or in negative, for obvious reasons.
Warm Regards,
A.R.