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by
U.V.S.Seshavatharam and S.Lakshminarayana
Honorary faculty, I-SERVE, Survey no-42, Hitech city, Hyderabad-84,Telangana, INDIA
Dept.of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-03, AP, INDIA
Emails: seshavatharam.uvs@gmail.com (and) lnsrirama@gmail.com
Orcid numbers: 0000-0002-1695-6037 (and) 0000-0002-8923-772X
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Abstract
Following the concept of strong interaction, theoretically, fusion of proton seems to increase the binding energy of final atom by 8.8 MeV.
Due to Coulombic repulsion, asymmetry effect, pairing effect and other nuclear effects, final atom is forced to choose a little bit of binding energy less than 8.8 MeV and thus it is able to release left over binding energy in the form of internal kinetic energy or external thermal energy.
Thus, in cold fusion, heat release to occur, binding energy difference of final atom and base atom seems to be less than 8.8 MeV.
Qualitatively, energy released during cold fusion seems to be approximately equal to 8.8 MeV minus the difference of binding energy of final and base atoms.
Based on this idea, under normal conditions, for the case of 2He4, fusion of four protons can liberate (35.2-28.3)=6.9 MeV and it is 3.5 times less than the current estimates.
Point to be understood is that, lesser the binding energy of final atom, higher the liberated thermal energy and vice versa.
With a suitable catalyst and sufficient hydrogen under suitable pressure, if reactor’s temperature is maintained at (1000 to 1500) 0C, there seems a lot of scope for a chain reaction of cold fusion in which light isotopes transform to their next stage with increased proton number or mass number and liberate safe and clean heat energy continuously.
By arranging 4 to 6 reactors and charging them periodically in tandem, required thermal energy can be produced continuously.
In this new direction, by carefully selecting the base isotope and its corresponding catalyst, experiments can be conducted and ground reality of cold fusion can be understood at various temperature and pressure conditions.
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Ibrahim90:
Thank you for the link.
I don’t think the Rossi effect does have any role.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
A recent study affirms that the stars alone can’t justify the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements:
https://physicsworld.com/a/exploding-stars-alone-cannot-account-for-rapid-heavy-element-production-study-reveals
What would be the role of the Rossi Effect in the nucleosynthesis ? Have you found heavy elements in the ashes of your reactors ?
I.S.
Albert:
10000/683
Warm regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
Can you kindly bear with my curiosity and answer this maybe stupid question of mine?: What is the energy equivalent in Watts-hour/hour of the 10,000 lumens light produced by the Sk-LED lamp which is being rolled out for production?
Thanks and congratulations for your great paradigm-changing success.
Albert:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
For my question: Does the SkLed lamp produce noticeable heat in such an amount that it needs a cooling of some sort?
You answered vey clearly: No, we turn almost all the energy into photons, reducing the phonons to a minimal part.
Which is astounding.
hen, logically it can safely be assumed that the SkLed lamp must have a very high CoP.
Albert:
No, we turn almost all the energy into photons, reducing the phonons to a minimal part.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Does the SkLed lamp produce noticeable heat in such an amount that it needs a cooling of some sort?
Thank you Robert for reading my paper,
Prof U.V.S. Seshavatharam
Prof Seshavatharan:
Your paper is very interesting.
Thank you,
Best,
Robert