On the 3kW NGU unit, what output voltage (and subsequent current) options do you envision being available? E.g., 12 VDC at 250 Amps does not seem practical.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
additional to your answer to J. Bem:
1- So the ecat NGU are already ready for production?
2- Will you demonstrate the working ecats to big clients before you bring the demonstration of EVs with ecats before the public?
3- If yes, could you tell us the date of the demonstration to big clients?
Best regards
Walter
Dr Rossi
Here are the statistics of your publications I found today on http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Total Readings: 137000, of which 126160 only for “Ecat SK and Long Range Particle Interactions”, the most read paper of over 1.5 millions of papers on
Researchgate
Research Interest Score: 2745, more than 99% of 1.5 millions papers on Researchgate
Recommendations: 10612, more that 99% of 1.5 million publications on Researchgate
Citations+Mentions: 91
Most Readings by geographic areas: America, Europe
Most Readings by cathegories: Energy Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Theoretical Physics, Energy Generation
Most Readings by seniority: PhD Students, Professors, Seniors
And counting…
Best,
Prof
Gavino Mamia:
Your point has been put clearly.
The Ecat is not that intelligent so far, but after your suggestion we will try to educate it.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
You speak of the need for EV customised attachments in Frank’s interview, however it is clear that the need to modify the ecat to the NGU version was also a necessary part of the solution.
The ecat provides two cables for the load, possibly shared for (re)activation. It can be controlled by external load presence or removal. Has there been additional connections installed for each NGU ecat to enable direct interface for better control of performance?
Providing power via the external charging is relatively straightforward. The complex problems come from trying to charge the EV battery while the EV is in motion. The design of EVs does not permit charging via the external charging port while the EV is in motion.
I have previously proposed ideas on JONP for a low power charging system using eCat technology while the EV is parked. The problems here is security. Some person could steal the charging unit, if it is external to the EV, or unplug the charging connector from the EV. If the charging unit was inside the EV, then the charging cable must leave the EV to connect to the external charge port.
Parked battery charging is much more straightforward and requires less power. For example, if the EV has a 60 kW-hr battery capacity, and it is parked for 20 hours per day, then one need only provide about 3 kW of electrical power to maintain a full charge. Some additional power would likely be required for secondary requirements such as a security system and/or cabin heating or cooling.
If, on the other hand, you were looking for continuous driving while charging, the required power might be around the 50 kW area. Plus overcoming the problem of correctly charging the battery while the EV is being driven. There is no standard yet on how battery system charging, while the EV is in motion, is to be accomplished. Most EVs do not have a sufficiently large AC-to-DC converted within the EV to accommodate high speed battery charging. So, it would require direct DC charging of the battery. The design varies between manufacturers and may even differs within models from the same manufacturer.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
if the BMS of EVs is too complex, so just make a first step: Connect the ecats to a mobile, wheeled 100 KW unit to recharge the batteries.
The next steps the car manufacturers can do on their own.
Also the idea of Ava Myers is simple and easy to perform.
You have not to do all research on your own, what the world needs is just cheap, decentralised, independent energy.
To fit it into cars, planes or to fit it to heating devices, use it for desalination: let others do that work. No one lives forever and can manage all by himself.
Best regards and good luck!
Hans-Werner
Caro Dott. Rossi,
da quello che ho capito l’Ecat ha una durata di 100.000 ore, cioè ha un contatore interno e dopo tale periodo smetterà di funzionare. Che questo conteggio inizia non appena l’Ecat sente un carico e smette di conteggiare non appena questo carico non c’è più.
Ho degli amici che possiedono un Camper e hanno sul tetto dei pannelli solari, questi hanno lo scopo di tenere accesi H24 il frigorifero e piccolissimi elettrodomestici.
La sera invece usano un generatore a benzina per far funzionare elettrodomestici più potenti.
Ora mi chiedo: usando ad esempio un Ecat da 2 Kw, il contatore delle ore parte anche se è collegato un elettrodomestico che assorbe 100W?
Oppure è così intelligente da attivare il contatore nei pochi moduli interessati alla produzione di questa piccola energia?
E’ anche così intelligente da non usare sempre gli stessi moduli ma quelli con più ore a disposizione?
Spero di essere stato comprensibile
Buon lavoro a lei e a tutto il suo Team
P.S. L’ansia dell’attesa mi uccide e se sto invecchiando più in fretta è colpa sua :-)))
TRANSLATE
Dear Doctor Rossi,
From what I understand the ECAT has a lifespan of 100,000 hours, i.e. it has an internal counter and after this period it will stop working. That this counting starts as soon as the Ecat detects a load and stops counting as soon as this load is no longer present.
I have friends who own an RV and have solar panels on the roof, these are intended to keep the refrigerator and very small appliances turned on 24 hours a day.
In the evening, however, they use a petrol generator to power the more powerful appliances.
Now I wonder: using a 2 kW Ecat for example, does the hour meter start even if an appliance that absorbs 100W is connected?
Or is it so intelligent as to activate the counter in the few modules interested in producing this small energy?
Furthermore, is it so smart that it doesn’t always use the same modules but rather the ones with more hours available?
I hope I was understandable
Good job to you and your entire team
PS The anxiety of waiting kills me and if I get old it’s his fault :-)))
Kevin Elliott:
Thank you foryour attention. As we experienced, the issues connected with interfacing the Ecat with the BMS of EVs are more complex.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I just had the opportunity to listen to your latest interview, which sounded very positive. The concept of moving towards the solar market due to demand and ease of integration makes sense. Obviously getting the product to any market the quickest seems in everyone’s best interest.
I was puzzled though by your comments regarding the challenges of integrating to the different EV battery control systems. When I think of all the effort going into the standardization of the EV charging stations, I am curious why it is necessary to fully integrate, at least initially, in a particular vehicle power control system. Why not think of the Ecat as a portable charging station that takes advantage of an industry standard interface. According to Google, even the Toyota prime’s J1772 port can be adapted to the North American Charging Standard port. Just wondering. Once again, congratulations on the great progress you seem to be making.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
thanks for the picture of the 3KW E-cat NGU. It is really small!
Now, please make a short video while you cook a litre of water in an electric kettle. It would be not much effort to do so.
This would convince all of the last doubters and sceptics.
Best regards
Ava Myers
My “suggestion” on the Lunar system was not meant to suggest that eCat be used on the moon but to show how it is potentially much more practical than a nuclear-powered electrical power production unit.
A nuclear-powered electrical production unit would use the Carnot cycle, heating a fluid to boiling, going through a turbine and generating electrical power. Much inefficiency and a very complex design. Especially if it must operate for 19 years unattended.
An eCat design is so much simpler and potentially more reliable. If eCat can be brought into production and reliably work, it will be a game-changer.
For an NGU assembly constructed of multiple NGU 10W units, is the following true:
1. When multiple 10W NGU units are connected in series, should one 10W unit fail, the current will still pass though the affected unit? The voltage will be the sum of the non-affected units – assuming the affected unit did not become an open circuit?
2. When multiple 10W NGU units are connected in parallel, should one 10W unit fail, the summed current of the unaffected units will be the same – assuming the defective unit is not a dead short?
There has been some speculation on ECW about whether or not higher power versions of the Ecat SKLep ngu are assemblies of the smallest 10 W version.
The question is: Is the 3 kW version a single reactor or is it/will it be a multiple reactor assembly?
Thanks if you can answer.
Kind regards, Gerard
Dear Dr. Rossi,
maybe we talked past each other.
1- In the interview you say at about 10 min 30 sec: “with this clients the goal of one million will be automatically reached”. So not now, but after these clients see the working ecat ngu at your office. And this will be within this year.
2- To the question of Walter, D.C. heating: The advantage will be that there is no inverter needed. So no electric cable and no additionally source of error (because no inverter). I think it would be a very good solution for cheap heating.
Best regards
Frank
Frank:
1. Electric heaters can be powered by the Ecat
2. I did not say that we already reached pre-orders for 1 million units
3. It is premature to say: I did not say that we already reached this target.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Gregory Daigle:
I already explained in the interview to Frank Acland the tests we are preparing so far; eventually, after the start of the products delivery, our Clients will make all the tests they will deem opportune.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Thank you for your detailed answers to Frank’s questions during the interview. And congratulations on the advancements in testing and certifying the NGU that make it safer and more robust than the SKLep.
I understand that you are not yet ready for 3rd party testing or demonstrations of the NGU. Howver, might you be open to limited 3rd party testing of the older SKLep version by members of the E-Cat World forum, as long as they would be under your NDA and any releases of information subject to your approval?
I believe that would encourage your followers without releasing any confidential information about either the SKL or NGU. If so, I would like to count myself among the many potential applicants willing to do such testing and reporting, all subject to your approval.
The US Government (NASA) is contracting for a nuclear power lunar power station capable of providing 40 kW of electrical power for 10 years, completely unmanned.
This suggests an eCat NGU application.
Consider a hermetically sealed cubic enclosure. This container would have hermetically sealed electrical connectors for power and monitoring/control.
Assume a 10 x 10 x 10 number of 100W NGU units and a controller unit (triple redundancy) to monitor each NGU unit’s health and status. Also, there would be a heating system within the enclosure to maintain the internal temperature of the enclosure. The enclosure would be filled with some inert gas such as Krypton or Xeon.
The controller would serve the following functions:
1. Turn on/off external power from the enclosure based on external signals.
2. Control the heating system to maintain the desired internal temperature.
3. Activate individual NGU units so that sufficient power was available at the external connectors.
4. Optionally, command and control data could be received or transmitted to an external unit for remote control and monitoring.
A 10 x 10 x 10 assembly of NGU 100W units was selected to provide 100% redundancy of the NGU power units. Such a matrix would be approximately 70 cm x 70 cm x 90 cm. Therefore, the dimensions of the enclosure would be approximately 1m x 1m x 1m.
With 1,000 100W NGU units, but with a 50% reserve for dual redundancy, this would provide 50 kW of electrical power availability. With 40 kW of power being outputted, that leaves 10 kW for internal use (controller and environmental control).
Since there is no air on the moon, we are looking at only radiative heat transfer. Assuming a sun-shade over the enclosure and an internal temperature of 300K with the space background temperature of 4K, we would expect a heat loss of about 400 W per side. Given 5 sides (one side is on the lunar surface), the heating requirements are about 2 – 3 kW.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
I was very interested in your answer to Walter from 21.1.24 about D.C.-electric heating devices.
In your interview of yesterday you do not talk about it. But, 1) will it be available at the start of the ecat-production and 2) will Leonardo offer it to customers?
Because you have already more than one million orders if the demonstration with the big customers is ok:
3) Can we reckon that the start of the ecat-production will be within this year?
Best regards and Godspeed!
Frank
Nils Fryklund:
Thank you for your support.
In my last interview on EW ( see the link in the last comment of Frank Acland ) I explained why I prefer not to publish data related to prototypes, until the products are not delivered,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
In your recent interview you mention five different eCat NGU prototypes with output powers of 10W electric to 3,000W electric.
1. I would guess the output powers are 10W, 50W, 100W, 1,000W, and 3,000W of electrical power. How many did I correctly guess?
2. Am I correct is assuming that upon receiving a specific eCat NGU production unit, all that is required to begin the NGU output is to apply a resistive load with the correct impedance value?
3. Am I also correct that if a working eCat NGU production unit suddenly detects an over-current condition, for example, a sudden decrease in resistive impedance, the NGU unit will shutdown and stay shutdown until the load is removed and then a load within impedance requirements is applied to the NGU output?
4. Is it correct that, as an option specified at ordering time, the NGU can be turned off by an external signal, such as a contact closure?
Dear Andrea!
So sad for the cancelled car-demo 20th october 2023, but can´t you show us fans, waiting since 14 years, some pictures of, for example, packed E-cats as you must have tested before the car-demo. Pictures, like the pictures from the container, that you showed us some years ago.
Best regards
Nils Fryklund
1. Is there an issue with the SKLep SSM relative to long-term, continuous operation at the rated power output?
2. Will the NGU version have any issues with long-term, continuous operation at the rated output power?
3. Are you still working toward a 1 kW electrical output option?
4. Any progress on direct jet engine?
5) Upon ecat delivery the user follows a required activation procedure of which a valid load connection is only one of several steps thus (re)starting ageing?
Ageing indicates an activated ecat from your information. If a user were to duplicate the live stream for example, ecat activation procedure or instructions might hypotheticaly read:
Step 1 Connect a 12V DC power source to the ecat output cables observing polarity. This will activate the ecat and charge its capacitor.
Step 2 Remove the power and connect the load within 30 minutes due to capacitor discharge. This will initiate ZPE powering of the load.
6) Does “normal use” describe ecat applications where a local electrical presence is the key “difference” such as for an electric vehicle or solar installation compared to the isolated ecat live stream?
This draws upon your reply of 2024-01-20 to Paul:
“Yes, the non stop streaming poses problems that are different from a normal use, this is why we are worried and still working on it.”
The live stream has no local battery/ energy in the configuration. EV and solar do have local battery/ energy in the configuration. Question 6 asks if a local battery/ energy presence is this “difference” that you refer to.
Walter:
1- No
2- Yes
3- Possibly
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Depends on the situations,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
On the 3kW NGU unit, what output voltage (and subsequent current) options do you envision being available? E.g., 12 VDC at 250 Amps does not seem practical.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
additional to your answer to J. Bem:
1- So the ecat NGU are already ready for production?
2- Will you demonstrate the working ecats to big clients before you bring the demonstration of EVs with ecats before the public?
3- If yes, could you tell us the date of the demonstration to big clients?
Best regards
Walter
Jaroslaw Bem:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
The prototype 3 kW E-Cat SKLep NGU on its case contain CE sign.
Is this mean, the 3 kW E-Cat SKLep NGU is already CE certified?
Best regards
Jaroslaw Bem
Prof:
Thank you for the update,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi
Here are the statistics of your publications I found today on
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
Total Readings: 137000, of which 126160 only for “Ecat SK and Long Range Particle Interactions”, the most read paper of over 1.5 millions of papers on
Researchgate
Research Interest Score: 2745, more than 99% of 1.5 millions papers on Researchgate
Recommendations: 10612, more that 99% of 1.5 million publications on Researchgate
Citations+Mentions: 91
Most Readings by geographic areas: America, Europe
Most Readings by cathegories: Energy Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Theoretical Physics, Energy Generation
Most Readings by seniority: PhD Students, Professors, Seniors
And counting…
Best,
Prof
Ruth:
The paragraph 5 is definitely the one we reached experimental confirmations of,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
in the paper
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
which is the part that you consider most important to understand the principle of the Ecat NGU ?
Gavino Mamia:
Your point has been put clearly.
The Ecat is not that intelligent so far, but after your suggestion we will try to educate it.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hans Werner,
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steve D:
Yes,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi
You speak of the need for EV customised attachments in Frank’s interview, however it is clear that the need to modify the ecat to the NGU version was also a necessary part of the solution.
The ecat provides two cables for the load, possibly shared for (re)activation. It can be controlled by external load presence or removal. Has there been additional connections installed for each NGU ecat to enable direct interface for better control of performance?
Thank you
Kevin Elliott,
Providing power via the external charging is relatively straightforward. The complex problems come from trying to charge the EV battery while the EV is in motion. The design of EVs does not permit charging via the external charging port while the EV is in motion.
I have previously proposed ideas on JONP for a low power charging system using eCat technology while the EV is parked. The problems here is security. Some person could steal the charging unit, if it is external to the EV, or unplug the charging connector from the EV. If the charging unit was inside the EV, then the charging cable must leave the EV to connect to the external charge port.
Parked battery charging is much more straightforward and requires less power. For example, if the EV has a 60 kW-hr battery capacity, and it is parked for 20 hours per day, then one need only provide about 3 kW of electrical power to maintain a full charge. Some additional power would likely be required for secondary requirements such as a security system and/or cabin heating or cooling.
If, on the other hand, you were looking for continuous driving while charging, the required power might be around the 50 kW area. Plus overcoming the problem of correctly charging the battery while the EV is being driven. There is no standard yet on how battery system charging, while the EV is in motion, is to be accomplished. Most EVs do not have a sufficiently large AC-to-DC converted within the EV to accommodate high speed battery charging. So, it would require direct DC charging of the battery. The design varies between manufacturers and may even differs within models from the same manufacturer.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
if the BMS of EVs is too complex, so just make a first step: Connect the ecats to a mobile, wheeled 100 KW unit to recharge the batteries.
The next steps the car manufacturers can do on their own.
Also the idea of Ava Myers is simple and easy to perform.
You have not to do all research on your own, what the world needs is just cheap, decentralised, independent energy.
To fit it into cars, planes or to fit it to heating devices, use it for desalination: let others do that work. No one lives forever and can manage all by himself.
Best regards and good luck!
Hans-Werner
Caro Dott. Rossi,
da quello che ho capito l’Ecat ha una durata di 100.000 ore, cioè ha un contatore interno e dopo tale periodo smetterà di funzionare. Che questo conteggio inizia non appena l’Ecat sente un carico e smette di conteggiare non appena questo carico non c’è più.
Ho degli amici che possiedono un Camper e hanno sul tetto dei pannelli solari, questi hanno lo scopo di tenere accesi H24 il frigorifero e piccolissimi elettrodomestici.
La sera invece usano un generatore a benzina per far funzionare elettrodomestici più potenti.
Ora mi chiedo: usando ad esempio un Ecat da 2 Kw, il contatore delle ore parte anche se è collegato un elettrodomestico che assorbe 100W?
Oppure è così intelligente da attivare il contatore nei pochi moduli interessati alla produzione di questa piccola energia?
E’ anche così intelligente da non usare sempre gli stessi moduli ma quelli con più ore a disposizione?
Spero di essere stato comprensibile
Buon lavoro a lei e a tutto il suo Team
P.S. L’ansia dell’attesa mi uccide e se sto invecchiando più in fretta è colpa sua :-)))
TRANSLATE
Dear Doctor Rossi,
From what I understand the ECAT has a lifespan of 100,000 hours, i.e. it has an internal counter and after this period it will stop working. That this counting starts as soon as the Ecat detects a load and stops counting as soon as this load is no longer present.
I have friends who own an RV and have solar panels on the roof, these are intended to keep the refrigerator and very small appliances turned on 24 hours a day.
In the evening, however, they use a petrol generator to power the more powerful appliances.
Now I wonder: using a 2 kW Ecat for example, does the hour meter start even if an appliance that absorbs 100W is connected?
Or is it so intelligent as to activate the counter in the few modules interested in producing this small energy?
Furthermore, is it so smart that it doesn’t always use the same modules but rather the ones with more hours available?
I hope I was understandable
Good job to you and your entire team
PS The anxiety of waiting kills me and if I get old it’s his fault :-)))
Ava Myers:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Kevin Elliott:
Thank you foryour attention. As we experienced, the issues connected with interfacing the Ecat with the BMS of EVs are more complex.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
I just had the opportunity to listen to your latest interview, which sounded very positive. The concept of moving towards the solar market due to demand and ease of integration makes sense. Obviously getting the product to any market the quickest seems in everyone’s best interest.
I was puzzled though by your comments regarding the challenges of integrating to the different EV battery control systems. When I think of all the effort going into the standardization of the EV charging stations, I am curious why it is necessary to fully integrate, at least initially, in a particular vehicle power control system. Why not think of the Ecat as a portable charging station that takes advantage of an industry standard interface. According to Google, even the Toyota prime’s J1772 port can be adapted to the North American Charging Standard port. Just wondering. Once again, congratulations on the great progress you seem to be making.
Kevin
Dear Dr. Rossi,
thanks for the picture of the 3KW E-cat NGU. It is really small!
Now, please make a short video while you cook a litre of water in an electric kettle. It would be not much effort to do so.
This would convince all of the last doubters and sceptics.
Best regards
Ava Myers
Steven Nicholes Karels:
1. The configuration is more complex
2. Same as in 1
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
My “suggestion” on the Lunar system was not meant to suggest that eCat be used on the moon but to show how it is potentially much more practical than a nuclear-powered electrical power production unit.
A nuclear-powered electrical production unit would use the Carnot cycle, heating a fluid to boiling, going through a turbine and generating electrical power. Much inefficiency and a very complex design. Especially if it must operate for 19 years unattended.
An eCat design is so much simpler and potentially more reliable. If eCat can be brought into production and reliably work, it will be a game-changer.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
For an NGU assembly constructed of multiple NGU 10W units, is the following true:
1. When multiple 10W NGU units are connected in series, should one 10W unit fail, the current will still pass though the affected unit? The voltage will be the sum of the non-affected units – assuming the affected unit did not become an open circuit?
2. When multiple 10W NGU units are connected in parallel, should one 10W unit fail, the summed current of the unaffected units will be the same – assuming the defective unit is not a dead short?
Frank Acland:
The shape is that, while the dimensions are not yet final, so we prefer to wait for a more definite stage.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Thank you for sending me the photo of the 3 kW E-Cat NGU which is now posted on E-Cat World here:
https://e-catworld.com/2024/02/06/photo-of-the-3-kw-e-cat-prototype/
Can you provide the dimensions that we see in the photo?
Many thanks,
Frank Acland
Frank:
1- I hope that will be the situation, but it is not yet done
2- thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Gerard McEk:
We can choose either solution and did not yet decide which way to go,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Roberto:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Your interview with Frank Acland on EW is moving for its sincerity.
All the best,
Roberto
Dear Andrea,
There has been some speculation on ECW about whether or not higher power versions of the Ecat SKLep ngu are assemblies of the smallest 10 W version.
The question is: Is the 3 kW version a single reactor or is it/will it be a multiple reactor assembly?
Thanks if you can answer.
Kind regards, Gerard
Dear Dr. Rossi,
maybe we talked past each other.
1- In the interview you say at about 10 min 30 sec: “with this clients the goal of one million will be automatically reached”. So not now, but after these clients see the working ecat ngu at your office. And this will be within this year.
2- To the question of Walter, D.C. heating: The advantage will be that there is no inverter needed. So no electric cable and no additionally source of error (because no inverter). I think it would be a very good solution for cheap heating.
Best regards
Frank
Frank:
1. Electric heaters can be powered by the Ecat
2. I did not say that we already reached pre-orders for 1 million units
3. It is premature to say: I did not say that we already reached this target.
Warm Regards
A.R.
Steven Nicholes Karels,
Thank you for your insight,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Gregory Daigle:
I already explained in the interview to Frank Acland the tests we are preparing so far; eventually, after the start of the products delivery, our Clients will make all the tests they will deem opportune.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
Thank you for your detailed answers to Frank’s questions during the interview. And congratulations on the advancements in testing and certifying the NGU that make it safer and more robust than the SKLep.
I understand that you are not yet ready for 3rd party testing or demonstrations of the NGU. Howver, might you be open to limited 3rd party testing of the older SKLep version by members of the E-Cat World forum, as long as they would be under your NDA and any releases of information subject to your approval?
I believe that would encourage your followers without releasing any confidential information about either the SKL or NGU. If so, I would like to count myself among the many potential applicants willing to do such testing and reporting, all subject to your approval.
Warm regards,
Greg
Dear Andrea Rossi,
eCat Alternative for Moon Power System
The US Government (NASA) is contracting for a nuclear power lunar power station capable of providing 40 kW of electrical power for 10 years, completely unmanned.
This suggests an eCat NGU application.
Consider a hermetically sealed cubic enclosure. This container would have hermetically sealed electrical connectors for power and monitoring/control.
Assume a 10 x 10 x 10 number of 100W NGU units and a controller unit (triple redundancy) to monitor each NGU unit’s health and status. Also, there would be a heating system within the enclosure to maintain the internal temperature of the enclosure. The enclosure would be filled with some inert gas such as Krypton or Xeon.
The controller would serve the following functions:
1. Turn on/off external power from the enclosure based on external signals.
2. Control the heating system to maintain the desired internal temperature.
3. Activate individual NGU units so that sufficient power was available at the external connectors.
4. Optionally, command and control data could be received or transmitted to an external unit for remote control and monitoring.
A 10 x 10 x 10 assembly of NGU 100W units was selected to provide 100% redundancy of the NGU power units. Such a matrix would be approximately 70 cm x 70 cm x 90 cm. Therefore, the dimensions of the enclosure would be approximately 1m x 1m x 1m.
With 1,000 100W NGU units, but with a 50% reserve for dual redundancy, this would provide 50 kW of electrical power availability. With 40 kW of power being outputted, that leaves 10 kW for internal use (controller and environmental control).
Since there is no air on the moon, we are looking at only radiative heat transfer. Assuming a sun-shade over the enclosure and an internal temperature of 300K with the space background temperature of 4K, we would expect a heat loss of about 400 W per side. Given 5 sides (one side is on the lunar surface), the heating requirements are about 2 – 3 kW.
This leaves a spare nominal capacity of 7 kW.
Thoughts?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
I was very interested in your answer to Walter from 21.1.24 about D.C.-electric heating devices.
In your interview of yesterday you do not talk about it. But, 1) will it be available at the start of the ecat-production and 2) will Leonardo offer it to customers?
Because you have already more than one million orders if the demonstration with the big customers is ok:
3) Can we reckon that the start of the ecat-production will be within this year?
Best regards and Godspeed!
Frank
Steven Nicholes Karels:
1- Premature; what we have now are prototypes
2- correct
3- correct
4- correct
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Frank Acland:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Nils Fryklund:
Thank you for your support.
In my last interview on EW ( see the link in the last comment of Frank Acland ) I explained why I prefer not to publish data related to prototypes, until the products are not delivered,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
In your recent interview you mention five different eCat NGU prototypes with output powers of 10W electric to 3,000W electric.
1. I would guess the output powers are 10W, 50W, 100W, 1,000W, and 3,000W of electrical power. How many did I correctly guess?
2. Am I correct is assuming that upon receiving a specific eCat NGU production unit, all that is required to begin the NGU output is to apply a resistive load with the correct impedance value?
3. Am I also correct that if a working eCat NGU production unit suddenly detects an over-current condition, for example, a sudden decrease in resistive impedance, the NGU unit will shutdown and stay shutdown until the load is removed and then a load within impedance requirements is applied to the NGU output?
4. Is it correct that, as an option specified at ordering time, the NGU can be turned off by an external signal, such as a contact closure?
Dear Andrea,
Thank you for the time you took to do the interview yesterday, your readers might be interested so here is the link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7rHCnzgGYc
Best wishes,
Frank Acland
Dear Andrea!
So sad for the cancelled car-demo 20th october 2023, but can´t you show us fans, waiting since 14 years, some pictures of, for example, packed E-cats as you must have tested before the car-demo. Pictures, like the pictures from the container, that you showed us some years ago.
Best regards
Nils Fryklund
Steven Nicholes Karels:
1- no
2- no
3- yes
4- no
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
1. Is there an issue with the SKLep SSM relative to long-term, continuous operation at the rated power output?
2. Will the NGU version have any issues with long-term, continuous operation at the rated output power?
3. Are you still working toward a 1 kW electrical output option?
4. Any progress on direct jet engine?
Steve D. :
Thank you for your clarifications.
Answers:
5- Correct, yes
6- No
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Some question clarifications
5) Upon ecat delivery the user follows a required activation procedure of which a valid load connection is only one of several steps thus (re)starting ageing?
Ageing indicates an activated ecat from your information. If a user were to duplicate the live stream for example, ecat activation procedure or instructions might hypotheticaly read:
Step 1 Connect a 12V DC power source to the ecat output cables observing polarity. This will activate the ecat and charge its capacitor.
Step 2 Remove the power and connect the load within 30 minutes due to capacitor discharge. This will initiate ZPE powering of the load.
6) Does “normal use” describe ecat applications where a local electrical presence is the key “difference” such as for an electric vehicle or solar installation compared to the isolated ecat live stream?
This draws upon your reply of 2024-01-20 to Paul:
“Yes, the non stop streaming poses problems that are different from a normal use, this is why we are worried and still working on it.”
The live stream has no local battery/ energy in the configuration. EV and solar do have local battery/ energy in the configuration. Question 6 asks if a local battery/ energy presence is this “difference” that you refer to.
Thank you for your answers.
Prof:
Thank you for your update,
Warm Regards,
A.R.